Question 1

The two natural forms of Mimulus studied by scientists looking at the effects of pollinators on speciation were in the same domain.

Accepted Answer

The two kinds of Mimulus were both plants,eukaryotes.Please see section 14.6 for more infomation.

Question 2

Species such as mice have a better chance of surviving sudden environmental change than elephants because elephants

Accepted Answer

Organisms which reproduce more quickly can produce more offspring,some of which may be able to survive changed circumstances.Please see section 14.5 for more infomation.

Question 3

The types of living organisms on Earth have changed over time-new species have originated and existing species have disappeared.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

Macroevolution is about the change in species,while microevolution is about smaller changes,such as alteration of allele frequencies in populations.Please see section 14.1 for more information.

Question 4

If you observed that the sperm of a bull could not fuse in a lab dish with the eggs of a cow,you would say that the bull and the cow showed

Accepted Answer

When gametes cannot physically meet or cannot fuse,gametic isolation results.Please see section 14.2 for more information.

Question 5

The process by which species cease to exist

Accepted Answer

Extinct species no longer exist,whule those which do exist are called "extant." Please see section 14.1 for more information.

Question 6

The scientist given credit for devising the two-word naming system of all living organisms is

Accepted Answer

Linnaeus codified the use of two word Latin names and formal descrptions in 1753.Please see section 14.1 for more information.

Question 7

The type of reproductive isolation in which offspring are infertile because their chromosomes cannot align correctly during meiosis because of a different number of chromosomes being inherited from the two parents is

Accepted Answer

When chromosomes cannot line up during meiosis,infertility results since sex cells cannot be formed.Please see section 14.2 for more information.

Question 8

If you saw two populations of a species of snail,separated by a water-filled valley that they could not cross,you might eventually expect to see speciation due to

Accepted Answer

If two populations of a species live in separate habitats,they cannot interbreed,and speciation is likely to result.Please see section 14.2 for more information.

Question 9

The rate of background extinctions per year per million species is

Accepted Answer

Scientists estimate that,under normal conditions,species go extinct at a low rate.Please see section 14.5 for more infomation.

Question 10

The two natural forms of Mimulus studied by scientists looking at the effects of pollinators on speciation were in the same species.

Accepted Answer

The two kinds of Mimulus were memebers of the same genus but different species.Please see section 14.6 for more infomation.

Question 11

Biologists divide mechanisms of reproductive isolation into

Accepted Answer

Prezygotic isolation mechanisms prevent fertilization,while postzygotic mechanisms prevent survival of the zygote or embryo.Please see section 14.2 for more information.

Question 12

Postzygotic isolation barriers prevent

Accepted Answer

Postzygotic barriers either result in the new individual not surviving or not being able to reproduce.Please see section 14.2 for more information

Question 13

Centimeter-thin layers of earth that are rich in iridium give evidence to support the

Accepted Answer

Iridium is rare on Earth but common in some parts of outer space,such as asteroids.The presence of a lareg amount of Iridium in a thin layer of sediment is evidence of an extraterrestrial impact.Please see section 14.5 for more infomation.

Question 14

An example of polyploidy is found in a plant having

Accepted Answer

Being polyploid means haveing at least one,and possibly more,complete extra sets of chromosomes.Please see section 14.3 for more infomation.

Question 15

You are studying two populations of dung beetles,one of which rolls their dung balls at noon,resting at night,and the other of which reverses this.These could speciate due to

Accepted Answer

Populations active at different times can speciate due to temporal isolation,being active at the wrong time for mating between the populations.Please see section 14.2 for more information.

Question 16

Which of the following is not a type of prezygotic reproductive isolation?

Accepted Answer

If a hybrid is infertile,that is a problem after the production of a zygote,and,thus,not prezygotic.Please see section 14.2 for more information.

Question 17

Polyploidy is common in

Accepted Answer

Plants commonly sspeciate after polyploid events.Please see section 14.3 for more infomation.

Question 18

The idea that evolution proceeds in small,incremental changes over many generations is

Accepted Answer

In gradualism,groups of organisms separate slowly over time,step-by-step.Please see section 14.4 for more infomation.

Question 19

The process by which new species originate

Accepted Answer

Speciation is the process by which new species form from existing species,and many different driving forces can lead to speciation.Please see section 14.1 for more information.

Question 20

The idea that evolution proceeds with long periods of stasis with relatively brief bursts of fast evolutionary change is

Accepted Answer

Punctuated equilibrium proposes that evolution occurs in short,concentrated bursts,with long unchanged periods in between.Please see section 14.4 for more infomation.

Quiz 14: Speciation and Extinction