Question 1

The number of children a woman must have,on average,to assure that one daughter survives to reproductive age is known as total fertility rate.

Accepted Answer

Total fertility rate refers to the average number of children a woman would have over her lifetime, assuming she lives through her childbearing years and bears children in accordance with current age-specific fertility rates, not specifically related to the survival of daughters to reproductive age.

Question 2

When an implied covenant of good faith is breached,the employer's ability to fire is limitless.

Accepted Answer

When the implied covenant of good faith is breached, the employer's ability to fire is not limitless. The employer must still act in good faith and not violate any anti-discrimination or anti-retaliation laws when terminating an employee.

Question 3

The transfer of work from a domestic to a foreign location is known as offshoring.

Accepted Answer

Offshoring refers to the process of relocating a company's business process, such as manufacturing or services, from one country to another. It is a strategy used by companies to reduce labor costs, take advantage of lower tax rates, and gain access to cheaper raw materials or specialized skills in another country.

Question 4

The doctrine of liberty of contract allowed employers and workers to negotiate all aspects of the employment contract without any government interference.

Accepted Answer

The doctrine of liberty of contract was based on the belief that the market should be left alone to determine wages and working conditions. This meant that employers and workers were free to negotiate their own contracts without any government intervention.

Question 5

The six environmental forces that create turbulence in the workplace are interconnected.

Accepted Answer

The six environmental forces that create turbulence in the workplace are interconnected, as their impacts on the organization often overlap and influence each other. These forces include technology, globalization, workforce diversity, social responsibility, government regulations, and economic factors. Understanding how these forces interact and affect the organization is essential for effective management and decision-making.

Question 6

The ability to make quick and smooth shifts of workers into and out of jobs,companies,or industries as business conditions change is known as labor flexibility.

Accepted Answer

Labor flexibility refers to the ability of the workforce to adapt to changing business conditions through quick and smooth transitions into and out of jobs, companies or industries.

Question 7

The doctrine of liberty of contract gave equal powers to all parties,thus,employers and employees were at an equal footing.

Accepted Answer

The doctrine of liberty of contract actually gave more power to the employers, as they were seen as the ones offering the jobs and setting the wages and conditions. This led to unequal bargaining power between employers and employees, resulting in exploitation and poor working conditions for many workers.

Question 8

Nonwage costs including payments for social security,health insurance,and payroll taxes that employers must pay to cover disability,unemployment,and similar benefits are known as externalities.

Accepted Answer

Nonwage costs including payments for social security, health insurance, and payroll taxes that employers must pay to cover disability, unemployment, and similar benefits are not known as externalities. Externalities refer to the costs imposed on society as a whole as a result of economic activity.

Question 9

The four fundamental standards to protect basic worker rights which have been set forth in various international labor conventions are known as the fair labor standards.

Accepted Answer

The four fundamental standards to protect basic worker rights are known as the core labor standards or fundamental principles and rights at work. Fair labor standards generally refer to laws and regulations that govern working conditions, wages, and hours in a specific jurisdiction.

Question 10

Regular employees who are expected to remain with the firm forever are known as datsusara.

Accepted Answer

Regular employees who are expected to remain with the firm forever are known as "seishain" in Japanese corporate culture, not datsusara. Datsusara refers to employees who are hired on a temporary or project basis.

Question 11

The agricultural sector is the most dominant sector in the United States.

Accepted Answer

While the agricultural sector is important in the United States, it is not the most dominant sector. The service sector is the largest sector in terms of GDP and employment, followed by the manufacturing sector. The agricultural sector makes up a smaller percentage of the economy.

Question 12

The agreement by which an employee exchanges his/her labor in return for specific pay and working conditions is known as a compromise agreement.

Accepted Answer

The agreement by which an employee exchanges his/her labor in return for specific pay and working conditions is known as an employment contract, not a compromise agreement.

Question 13

Immigration generally brings an influx of younger workers who are less costly and more adaptable.

Accepted Answer

Immigration usually attracts younger workers who are willing to adapt to new environments and cultures. These workers are often less expensive to hire and bring valuable skills and experience to the workforce. Additionally, they may fill labor shortages in certain industries, which can stimulate economic growth.

Question 14

The sector of occupations that add value to manufactured goods is known as the service sector.

Accepted Answer

The service sector includes occupations that provide services rather than goods, such as healthcare, finance, education, and transportation. However, some service sector jobs can add value to manufactured goods, such as repair services for machinery or sales and marketing of products.

Question 15

The social welfare model is a form of industry-labor-government cooperation in which government strongly regulates the labor market to secure expansive rights and generous benefits for workers.

Accepted Answer

The social welfare model does involve industry-labor-government cooperation and government regulation of the labor market, but its main goal is to provide social protections and benefits to citizens beyond just those related to work, such as healthcare, education, and housing.

Question 16

A community firm is a Japanese company that operates on a model analogous to a family.

Accepted Answer

A community firm is a unique model of a Japanese company that emphasizes a family-like relationship and seeks to create a sense of belonging, loyalty, and commitment among its employees. This model is based on the Japanese concept of "oyakudachi," which means "parent-child relationship," where the company acts like a parent and employees like children who are loyal and commit to the company.

Question 17

Structural change refers to any shift in the proportions of agricultural,goods-producing,and service occupations in an economy.

Accepted Answer

This is a correct definition of structural change.

Question 18

In the United States,common law holds that employers and employees may enter voluntary employment contracts and that either party may freely end these agreements anytime.

Accepted Answer

This statement accurately reflects the common law principle of "at-will" employment in the United States, which allows employers and employees to enter into voluntary employment contracts that can be terminated by either party at any time. However, there are some limitations and exceptions to this principle, such as laws that prohibit discrimination or retaliation against certain employees, or contracts that specify certain terms or conditions for termination.

Question 19

The transfer of work from within a company to an outside supplier is known as out-tasking.

Accepted Answer

Out-tasking refers to the transfer of work from a specific task or project within a company to an outside supplier. The term for transferring a whole business process or function is outsourcing.

Question 20

The large cohort of workers born between 1946 and 1964 are known as the baby-bust generation.

Accepted Answer

The large cohort of workers born between 1946 and 1964 are known as the baby boomer generation, not the baby bust generation.

Quiz 16: The Changing Workplace