All of the Following Are Primary Events That Typically Lead

All of the following are primary events that typically lead to changes in book value of shareholders' equity except:

A) Investments by shareholders, usually net cash received by the company at equity issue date.
B) Profitable operating and investing activities, with net income being a large component of this increase.
C) Debtholders requiring firms to enter into debt covenants.
D) Distributions to shareholders, usually in the form of periodic cash dividend payments
To investors and sometimes in the form of share repurchases.