Question 1

An advantage of the prototype model in describing how we think about concepts is that

Accepted Answer

C

Question 2

A prototype includes __________ in a category.An exemplar includes __________ in the category.

Accepted Answer

A prototype includes the most typical concept in a category, while an exemplar includes all examples of concepts in the category.

Question 3

Luke grew up by the beach and only wears sandals.For Luke,sandals would most likely be the __________ of the category "shoes."

Accepted Answer

A prototype is a typical example or representation of a category. For Luke, who grew up by the beach and only wears sandals, sandals would be the prototype of the category "shoes" as they represent his typical experience with footwear.

Question 4

A picture of a computer is an example of a(n)__________ representation.The word computer is an example of a(n)__________ representation.

Accepted Answer

A picture of a computer is an analogical representation because it resembles the physical form of a computer. The word "computer" is a symbolic representation because it uses language symbols to represent the idea of a computer without resembling its physical form.

Question 5

When Dave started driving,he had to use a navigation system to get around his neighborhood.Over time,Dave could drive through his neighborhood without the navigation system because he knew where all of the streets and roads were.Dave has most likely developed a __________ of his neighborhood.

Accepted Answer

A mental map refers to an individual's internal representation of their environment, including the spatial relationships between locations. In this scenario, Dave has developed a mental map of his neighborhood, allowing him to navigate without the assistance of a navigation system. A categorical representation refers to organizing objects into groups based on shared characteristics, and a set of defining attributes refers to the essential features of a concept. A series of individual prototypes refers to a mental representation of an idealized example of a concept. None of these are applicable to Dave's situation, as he has developed a mental map of his neighborhood.

Question 6

Dr.Smith is interested in how concepts are represented.He believes that a category includes all of the examples of the concepts in that category.Dr.Smith most likely follows the __________ model.

Accepted Answer

Dr. Smith's belief that a category includes all examples of the concepts in that category aligns with the exemplar model, which suggests that categories are represented by storing individual instances or examples.

Question 7

Dr.Brown conducts research on how concepts are represented.He believes that each category has one perfect representation of a concept.Dr.Brown most likely follows the __________ model.

Accepted Answer

The prototype model states that each category has a single "ideal" or "prototype" representation, which we compare new instances to. This aligns with Dr. Brown's beliefs about concept representation.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT an example of thinking?

Accepted Answer

Taking a nap with soft music playing is not an example of thinking as it does not involve any cognitive processes or decision-making. The other options involve mathematical calculations, language translation, and problem-solving, all of which require thinking.

Question 9

When you write out a list of directions to find your way to a restaurant,you are writing words that do not physically resemble the locations of the streets.Because of this you are using a(n)__________ representation.

Accepted Answer

Symbolic representation uses words, letters, numbers, or other symbols to represent a concept or object, which is exactly what is being done when writing out directions to a restaurant. Analogical representation involves using similarity or analogy to represent a concept or object, which is not what is occurring when writing directions. Heuristics and algorithms are problem-solving strategies and not relevant to the representation used when writing directions.

Question 10

Because she heard that her blind date was an accounting major,Cynthia imagined that he would be conservative,humorless,and dull.Cynthia's generalization of what an accounting student is like is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

Cynthia's generalization of what an accounting student is like, based solely on their major, fits the definition of a stereotype - a widely held but fixed and oversimplified idea of a particular type of person or thing.

Question 11

Chris is describing what lasagna is to a friend who has never eaten it before.He tells his friend,"Lasagna usually has layers of noodles with cheese and sauce in between each layer." In this situation,Chris is describing his __________ of lasagna.

Accepted Answer

Chris is describing his general idea or understanding of what lasagna is, which is his concept of lasagna.

Question 12

Dr.Lee studies how concepts are organized.She believes that concepts are characterized by lists of features that describe what objects belong in the category.Dr.Lee most likely follows the __________ model of concepts.

Accepted Answer

The defining attribute model proposes that concepts are defined by a set of necessary and sufficient features or attributes that determine whether an object belongs to the category or not. Dr. Lee's belief that concepts are organized by lists of features that describe what objects belong in the category is consistent with the defining attribute model.

Question 13

According to the defining attribute model,which of the following is the most important feature of the category "horse"?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the defining attribute model,which of...

Question 14

Dr.Earl is a cognitive psychologist who studies thinking.Which question is most relevant to Dr.Earl's research?

Accepted Answer

Dr. Earl's area of expertise is in cognitive psychology, specifically studying thinking. Rotating internal representations of objects to "see" them from different angles falls under this category, whereas coping with tragic events, cultural influences on job choice, and group behavior do not relate as closely to Dr. Earl's research.

Question 15

When you read the word cake on a menu,it is a(n)__________ representation.The picture of a cake on a menu is a(n)__________ representation.

Accepted Answer

When we read the word "cake" on a menu, it is a symbolic representation, as the word represents the concept of cake. However, when we see a picture of a cake on a menu, it is an analogical representation, as the picture resembles the actual object it represents.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT an example of an analogical representation?

Accepted Answer

Analogical representation refers to representing something through nonlinguistic means, such as pictures or gestures, that analogize or are analogous to the thing being represented. Examples A, B, and C are all analogical representations. However, a sign language gesture for "please" is not an analogical representation because it is not a nonlinguistic means of representing something. Sign language is a linguistic system, so gestures in sign language are linguistic representations.

Question 17

When you use a city map to find your way to a restaurant,it has some characteristics of the actual objects-streets and their locations.Because of this,the map is a(n)__________ representation.

Accepted Answer

An analogical representation is based on similarities or shared characteristics between the representation and the actual object. In this case, the map has similarities with the actual streets and their locations, making it an analogical representation. Symbolic representations do not have any inherent connection or resemblance to the actual object, exemplar and prototype are not applicable in this context.

Question 18

Regina is mentally manipulating information about how her boyfriend's new jeans fit him.When Regina does this she is

Accepted Answer

Regina is manipulating the visual information in her mind to form a mental image of her boyfriend in his new jeans. This involves thinking about how he looks in the jeans, which is option D. Options A, B, and C do not accurately describe the type of mental process Regina is engaging in.

Question 19

When Mary thinks about a "guitar," she is using a mental representation of knowledge about that object.Mary is thinking about a

Accepted Answer

Mary is using her mental representation of knowledge about a guitar, which is a type of concept. Concepts are mental categories used to group objects, events, or ideas that share common features or characteristics.

Question 20

A road map and a photograph have some of the physical characteristics of objects.Because of this,they are __________ of the external world around us.

Accepted Answer

Analogous representations have physical characteristics that resemble the objects they represent, just like road maps and photographs have physical characteristics that resemble the external world around us. Exemplars refer to specific instances of a category, which does not apply here. Symbolic representations use abstract symbols to represent objects, which is not the case with road maps and photographs. Mental maps are mental representations of space, not physical objects like maps and photographs.

Quiz 8: Thinking and Intelligence

An advantage of the prototype model in describing how we think about concepts is that

A prototype includes in a category.An exemplar includes in the category.

Luke grew up by the beach and only wears sandals.For Luke,sandals would most likely be the __________ of the category "shoes."

A picture of a computer is an example of a(n) representation.The word computer is an example of a(n) representation.

When Dave started driving,he had to use a navigation system to get around his neighborhood.Over time,Dave could drive through his neighborhood without the navigation system because he knew where all of the streets and roads were.Dave has most likely developed a __________ of his neighborhood.

Dr.Smith is interested in how concepts are represented.He believes that a category includes all of the examples of the concepts in that category.Dr.Smith most likely follows the __________ model.

Dr.Brown conducts research on how concepts are represented.He believes that each category has one perfect representation of a concept.Dr.Brown most likely follows the __________ model.

Which of the following is NOT an example of thinking?

When you write out a list of directions to find your way to a restaurant,you are writing words that do not physically resemble the locations of the streets.Because of this you are using a(n) __________ representation.

Because she heard that her blind date was an accounting major,Cynthia imagined that he would be conservative,humorless,and dull.Cynthia's generalization of what an accounting student is like is an example of a(n)

Chris is describing what lasagna is to a friend who has never eaten it before.He tells his friend,"Lasagna usually has layers of noodles with cheese and sauce in between each layer." In this situation,Chris is describing his __________ of lasagna.

Dr.Lee studies how concepts are organized.She believes that concepts are characterized by lists of features that describe what objects belong in the category.Dr.Lee most likely follows the __________ model of concepts.

According to the defining attribute model,which of the following is the most important feature of the category "horse"?

Dr.Earl is a cognitive psychologist who studies thinking.Which question is most relevant to Dr.Earl's research?

When you read the word cake on a menu,it is a(n) representation.The picture of a cake on a menu is a(n) representation.

Which of the following is NOT an example of an analogical representation?

When you use a city map to find your way to a restaurant,it has some characteristics of the actual objects-streets and their locations.Because of this,the map is a(n) __________ representation.

Regina is mentally manipulating information about how her boyfriend's new jeans fit him.When Regina does this she is

When Mary thinks about a "guitar," she is using a mental representation of knowledge about that object.Mary is thinking about a

A road map and a photograph have some of the physical characteristics of objects.Because of this,they are __________ of the external world around us.

Quiz 8: Thinking and Intelligence

An advantage of the prototype model in describing how we think about concepts is that

A prototype includes __________ in a category.An exemplar includes __________ in the category.

Luke grew up by the beach and only wears sandals.For Luke,sandals would most likely be the __________ of the category "shoes."

A picture of a computer is an example of a(n) __________ representation.The word computer is an example of a(n) __________ representation.

When Dave started driving,he had to use a navigation system to get around his neighborhood.Over time,Dave could drive through his neighborhood without the navigation system because he knew where all of the streets and roads were.Dave has most likely developed a __________ of his neighborhood.

Dr.Smith is interested in how concepts are represented.He believes that a category includes all of the examples of the concepts in that category.Dr.Smith most likely follows the __________ model.

Dr.Brown conducts research on how concepts are represented.He believes that each category has one perfect representation of a concept.Dr.Brown most likely follows the __________ model.

Which of the following is NOT an example of thinking?

When you write out a list of directions to find your way to a restaurant,you are writing words that do not physically resemble the locations of the streets.Because of this you are using a(n) __________ representation.

Because she heard that her blind date was an accounting major,Cynthia imagined that he would be conservative,humorless,and dull.Cynthia's generalization of what an accounting student is like is an example of a(n)

Chris is describing what lasagna is to a friend who has never eaten it before.He tells his friend,"Lasagna usually has layers of noodles with cheese and sauce in between each layer." In this situation,Chris is describing his __________ of lasagna.

Dr.Lee studies how concepts are organized.She believes that concepts are characterized by lists of features that describe what objects belong in the category.Dr.Lee most likely follows the __________ model of concepts.

According to the defining attribute model,which of the following is the most important feature of the category "horse"?

Dr.Earl is a cognitive psychologist who studies thinking.Which question is most relevant to Dr.Earl's research?

When you read the word cake on a menu,it is a(n) __________ representation.The picture of a cake on a menu is a(n) __________ representation.

Which of the following is NOT an example of an analogical representation?

When you use a city map to find your way to a restaurant,it has some characteristics of the actual objects-streets and their locations.Because of this,the map is a(n) __________ representation.

Regina is mentally manipulating information about how her boyfriend's new jeans fit him.When Regina does this she is

When Mary thinks about a "guitar," she is using a mental representation of knowledge about that object.Mary is thinking about a

A road map and a photograph have some of the physical characteristics of objects.Because of this,they are __________ of the external world around us.

A prototype includes in a category.An exemplar includes in the category.

A picture of a computer is an example of a(n) representation.The word computer is an example of a(n) representation.

When you read the word cake on a menu,it is a(n) representation.The picture of a cake on a menu is a(n) representation.