Question 1

Stratified samples are most appropriate when the population is known to be "skewed."

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling is useful when the population is heterogeneous or skewed, as it allows for more accurate representation of all subgroups within the population. By dividing the population into strata, the variability within each stratum is reduced, leading to more precise estimates of the population parameters. Therefore, stratified sampling can be a powerful tool for obtaining a representative sample in such situations.

Question 2

If you have five friends who tell you they all have had a great experience with their purchase of a Chevrolet and you used this evidence to decide to buy a Chevrolet,you would be using
A)consumer self-report and evaluation.
B)statistics.
C)inference.
D)independent judgment.
E)None of the above.

Accepted Answer

The individual is using inference to decide to buy a Chevrolet based on the experiences of their five friends. They are making a conclusion based on indirect evidence.

Question 3

In practice,simple random sampling should be strongly considered
A)if the population is small and can be numbered easily.
B)in telephone surveys where random digit dialing programs may be used to generate numbers.
C)when population units are stored in an electronic file allowing computer programs to randomly select the sample.
D)All of the above are situations that allow for the practical application of simple random sampling.
E)None of the situations allow the practical application of simple random sampling.

Accepted Answer

All of the given situations allow for the practical application of simple random sampling. If the population is small and can be numbered easily, it is easier to randomly select the needed units. In telephone surveys, random digit dialing programs can be used to select phone numbers from the population, ensuring a random sample. Similarly, the use of electronic files to randomly select the sample from the population units can be done easily and effectively. Hence, simple random sampling is a practical choice in all the given situations.

Question 4

If we were to ask college students "To what extent do they value a college degree?" which type of sample plan would be most appropriate?
A)Any probability sampling plan would be useful.
B)A stratified sample because we would expect the answers to vary by strata: freshmen,sophomore,junior,and senior.
C)A cluster sample because we would expect the answers to vary by cluster: freshmen,sophomore,junior,and senior.
D)An area sample because we would expect the answers to vary by area: freshmen,sophomore,junior,and senior.
E)None of the above would be appropriate.In fact,it would be best to use a nonprobability sampling technique.

Accepted Answer

A stratified sample would be most appropriate because we expect the answers to vary based on the strata (freshmen, sophomore, junior, senior). This would allow us to get a representative sample from each strata and make meaningful comparisons.

Question 5

Using probability sampling,Sam collected data on the number of dogs owned in each household in the Houston area.He analyzed his data and determined that 1.3 dogs are owned in each household.He might conclude from this information that there is a probability that at least one dog is owned by every household in Texas.Sam used ____ to draw this conclusion.
A)statistical inference
B)intuition
C)crystal ball inference
D)intention processing
E)perceptual mapping

Accepted Answer

Sam used statistical inference to draw this conclusion because he collected data using probability sampling and then used statistical analysis to make a conclusion about the population.

Question 6

A researcher divides the city of Flint,Michigan,into 500 blocks of 10 households each.He requires a sample of 400 households.He selects a sample by randomly selecting 100 blocks and randomly selecting 4 households per block.This is an example of ____.
A)systematic sampling
B)two-stage area sampling
C)probability-proportional-to-size sampling
D)one-stage area sampling
E)sequential sampling

Accepted Answer

This sampling method is an example of two-stage area sampling, which involves dividing the population into clusters or areas, and then randomly selecting a sample of clusters/areas, followed by randomly sampling units within each selected cluster/area. In this case, the city of Flint is divided into blocks (clusters) and a sample of 100 blocks is randomly selected, followed by the random selection of 4 households within each of the selected blocks. This method allows for greater efficiency and cost-effectiveness compared to one-stage area sampling where all households in all blocks are selected, and it also takes into account the clustering effect within the population.

Question 7

If a newspaper editor asks a reporter to interview thirty males and thirty females from each of three geographical areas of a particular city for a prospective story,what type of sampling procedure is being used?
A)Simple random sample
B)Convenience sample
C)Quota sample
D)Systematic sample
E)Stratified sample

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a newspaper editor asks a reporter...

Question 8

Jane Doe wants to administer a short survey on "student driving habits" to a representative sample of students at the local university.She secured a list of students from the student directory.She assigned each student a unique number and then used a random number table to select her sample.Jane Doe is most likely using a
A)quota sample technique.
B)probability sampling technique.
C)cluster sample technique.
D)statistical inference.
E)judgment sampling technique.

Accepted Answer

Jane Doe is using a probability sampling technique because she is using a random number table to select her sample. This method ensures that every student in the directory has an equal chance of being selected for the survey, leading to a representative sample.

Question 9

If you enter a shopping mall and notice a researcher handing out surveys to everyone asking their opinion about a possible increase in state sales tax rates,what type of sampling procedure is being used?
A)Convenience sample
B)Implied sample
C)Simple random sample
D)Systematic sample
E)Quota sample

Accepted Answer

The researcher is using a convenience sample by selecting people who happen to be in the shopping mall at the time.

Question 10

When assessing sample frame error,two factors are to be considered
A)the cost of the frame versus the accuracy of the frame.
B)are people in the frame different from the population and are people in the population not on the frame's list.
C)the coincidence rate and the bi-incidence rate.
D)the cost versus the timeliness of the frame.
E)All of the above actually must be considered.

Accepted Answer

When assessing sample frame error, it is important to consider whether the people included in the frame are different from the population and whether there are people in the population who are not on the frame's list. These factors can lead to bias in the sample and inaccurate results. While the cost, timeliness, and coincidence rates may also be important, they do not directly address the issue of whether the sample frame accurately represents the population. Therefore, choice B is the best option.

Question 11

Calculation of the skip interval is important in which sampling plan?
A)Simple random sample
B)Systematic sample
C)"Skip" sample
D)Cluster sample
E)Convenient sample

Accepted Answer

The skip interval is important in a systematic sample, as it determines the pattern with which units are selected from the population. In a systematic sample, the skip interval defines the size of the interval between selecting units (e.g. every 5th or every 10th unit). This allows for an efficient and systematic way to select units from a population, but it is important to choose a skip interval that is representative and avoids any bias. The other sampling plans listed do not typically require a skip interval.

Question 12

If you decided to interview members of your class with regard to issues relating to the university and college life,you would have selected the ____ as a means of sampling members of the total population.
A)simple random sample
B)stratified random sample
C)cluster (area)sample
D)convenience sample
E)quota sample

Accepted Answer

The answer of If you decided to interview members of...

Question 13

A market researcher divides the Dallas metropolitan area into blocks having roughly equal populations.He then selects a random sample of blocks and sends interviewers to each block.The interviewers are instructed to interview every eighth dwelling unit.This is ____ sampling.
A)one-stage area
B)two-stage area
C)quota
D)two-stage systematic
E)stratified

Accepted Answer

The answer of A market researcher divides the Dallas metropolitan...

Question 14

In a one-stage area sample of 10 blocks from a population of 100 blocks,the probability of any household being included in the sample is
A)0.10.
B)0.01.
C)1.10.
D)100%.
E)Cannot be determined with information given in the question.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a one-stage area sample of 10...

Question 15

In proportionate stratified sampling,after the total sample is allocated,a simple random sample is chosen from each subpopulation to create the total sample.

Accepted Answer

In proportionate stratified sampling, the sample size for each stratum is determined based on its proportion in the population, and then a simple random sample is chosen from each stratum to create the total sample. So, the statement is true.

Question 16

Probability-proportional-to-size sampling requires that a
A)certain proportion of second stage units will be selected from each first stage unit.
B)fixed number of second stage units be selected from each first stage unit selected.
C)variable ratio of first stage units be selected.
D)variable proportion of first stage units be selected.
E)None of the above.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Probability-proportional-to-size sampling requires that a
A)certain proportion of...

Question 17

PGA conducts a study in which they use a simple random sample of 600 golfers.They examine the data from the sample and calculate that 28% of them own golf clubs made in the USA.The 28% is the
A)average handicap of these golfers.
B)sample statistic.
C)population mean for all golfers.
D)population parameter.
E)None of the above.

Accepted Answer

The 28% is a sample statistic because it is a value calculated from the data of a sample of 600 golfers. It cannot be a population mean or parameter because it only represents a portion of the population of all golfers. It is also not related to the average handicap of the golfers, which would be a separate type of statistic.

Question 18

A researcher,in attempting to sample the population of Cleveland,decides to select 5 households from each block designated for inclusion in the sample.The blocks themselves are to be selected with variable probabilities depending on their size.This is an example of
A)one-stage area sampling.
B)quota sampling.
C)simple two-stage area sampling.
D)probability-proportional-to-size area sampling.
E)systematic sampling.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of probability-proportional-to-size area sampling because the blocks are being selected with variable probabilities depending on their size, which is a characteristic of this sampling method. In addition, this is a two-stage area sampling because households are being selected within the selected blocks.

Question 19

Incidence rate refers to the percent of people
A)in the general population who qualify for inclusion in the sample using some criteria.
B)who qualify as members of the sample frame error.
C)not on a list who qualify as members of the sample frame error.
D)who get sampled.
E)None of the above.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Incidence rate refers to the percent of...

Question 20

If a local newspaper reporter tries to gather information about perceptions of a proposed comprehensive "senior exit exam" by interviewing officers from the university's student senate (because they are well informed about the feelings of the general student body),what type of sampling procedure is he using?
A)Simple random sample
B)Systematic sample
C)Judgment sample
D)Convenience sample
E)Quota sample

Accepted Answer

The reporter is using a judgment sample because he is specifically choosing to interview officers from the student senate who he believes are well informed about the perceptions of the general student body. He is not randomly selecting students or using any other formal sampling procedure.

Quiz 15: Developing the Sampling Plan

Stratified samples are most appropriate when the population is known to be "skewed."

If you have five friends who tell you they all have had a great experience with their purchase of a Chevrolet and you used this evidence to decide to buy a Chevrolet,you would be using

In practice,simple random sampling should be strongly considered

If we were to ask college students "To what extent do they value a college degree?" which type of sample plan would be most appropriate?

A researcher divides the city of Flint,Michigan,into 500 blocks of 10 households each.He requires a sample of 400 households.He selects a sample by randomly selecting 100 blocks and randomly selecting 4 households per block.This is an example of ____.

If a newspaper editor asks a reporter to interview thirty males and thirty females from each of three geographical areas of a particular city for a prospective story,what type of sampling procedure is being used?

If you enter a shopping mall and notice a researcher handing out surveys to everyone asking their opinion about a possible increase in state sales tax rates,what type of sampling procedure is being used?

When assessing sample frame error,two factors are to be considered

Calculation of the skip interval is important in which sampling plan?

If you decided to interview members of your class with regard to issues relating to the university and college life,you would have selected the ____ as a means of sampling members of the total population.

A market researcher divides the Dallas metropolitan area into blocks having roughly equal populations.He then selects a random sample of blocks and sends interviewers to each block.The interviewers are instructed to interview every eighth dwelling unit.This is ____ sampling.

In a one-stage area sample of 10 blocks from a population of 100 blocks,the probability of any household being included in the sample is

In proportionate stratified sampling,after the total sample is allocated,a simple random sample is chosen from each subpopulation to create the total sample.

Probability-proportional-to-size sampling requires that a

PGA conducts a study in which they use a simple random sample of 600 golfers.They examine the data from the sample and calculate that 28% of them own golf clubs made in the USA.The 28% is the

A researcher,in attempting to sample the population of Cleveland,decides to select 5 households from each block designated for inclusion in the sample.The blocks themselves are to be selected with variable probabilities depending on their size.This is an example of

Incidence rate refers to the percent of people