Question 1

The use of scientific management practices led workers to hide the true potential efficiency of the work setting to protect their own well-being.

Accepted Answer

The management of work settings frequently became a game between workers and managers: Managers tried to initiate work practices to increase performance, and workers tried to hide the true potential efficiency of the work setting to protect their own well-being.

Question 2

Fayol believed that authority should be concentrated at the top of the chain of command of an organization.

Accepted Answer

Fayol believed that authority should be decentralized and not be concentrated at the top of the chain of command of the organization.

Question 3

When managers rely too much on rules to solve problems, their behavior becomes inflexible.

Accepted Answer

When managers rely too much on rules to solve problems and not enough on their own skills and judgment, their behavior becomes inflexible.

Question 4

Anna has formal authority to make many of the organization's business decisions because her father owns the company.This is consistent with Weber's principles of bureaucracy.

Accepted Answer

In Weber's principles of bureaucracy, Principle 2 reads, "In a bureaucracy, people should occupy positions because of their performance, not because of their social standing or personal contacts."

Question 5

Midwest Woodworking is a small business run by skilled workers who produce customized and hand-manufactured furniture._____ production is an example of the products they create.

Accepted Answer

Crafts production refers to a system where small workshops run by skilled workers produce hand-manufactured products.

Question 6

When authority is centralized, organizations empower middle managers and create self-managed teams that monitor and control their own activities.

Accepted Answer

If authority is very centralized, only managers at the top make important decisions and subordinates simply follow orders.

Question 7

According to Taylor, the production process becomes more efficient with

Accepted Answer

Taylor believed that if the amount of time and effort that each worker expends to produce a unit of output (a finished good or service) can be reduced by increasing specialization and the division of labor, the production process will become more efficient.

Question 8

In a mechanistic structure, emphasis is on strict discipline and order.

Accepted Answer

In a mechanistic structure, tasks and roles are clearly specified, subordinates are closely supervised, and the emphasis is on strict discipline and order.

Question 9

Jared wants to speed up the production process, so he has been monitoring the actions required to complete the tasks in the assembly line.This is an example of a time-and-motion study.

Accepted Answer

A time-and-motion study involves the careful timing and recording of the actions taken to perform a particular task.

Question 10

According to the Hawthorne effect, each manager's personal behavior or leadership approach has no effect on performance.

Accepted Answer

According to the Hawthorne effect, each manager's personal behavior or leadership approach can affect performance.

Question 11

_____ is the process by which a division of labor occurs as different workers specialize in different tasks over time.

Accepted Answer

Job specialization is the process by which a division of labor occurs as different workers specialize in tasks.

Question 12

According to Fayol's principles of management, workers should be given more job duties to perform but encouraged to assume less responsibility for their work outcomes.

Accepted Answer

Fayol advocated that workers be given more job duties to perform or be encouraged to assume more responsibility for work outcomes.

Question 13

Recently Max was assigned to supervise the workers on a production line.Max treated the workers with respect, and within a short period of time, the workers' performance improved.This is an example of the Hawthorne effect.

Accepted Answer

The Hawthorne effect suggests that each manager's personal behavior or leadership approach can affect workers' performance.

Question 14

Management science theory focuses on the use of rigorous quantitative techniques.

Accepted Answer

Management science theory is a contemporary approach to management that focuses on the use of rigorous quantitative techniques to help managers make maximum use of organizational resources to produce goods and services.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is consistent with the principles of scientific management?

Accepted Answer

Taylor believed that if the amount of time and effort that each worker expends to produce a unit of output (a finished good or service) can be reduced by increasing specialization and the division of labor, the production process will become more efficient.

Question 16

Typically, a mechanistic structure rests on Theory X assumptions because in a mechanistic structure, tasks and roles are clearly specified and subordinates are closely supervised.

Accepted Answer

In Theory X, managers must supervise workers closely and control their behavior with strict work rules.In a mechanistic structure, tasks and roles are clearly specified, subordinates are closely supervised, and the emphasis is on strict discipline and order.

Question 17

Jim is frustrated with the production performance of his team, so he has decided to increase the level of job specialization.This change will reduce efficiency, but it will lead to better organizational performance.

Accepted Answer

Increasing the level of job specialization-the process by which a division of labor occurs as different workers specialize in tasks-improves efficiency and leads to higher organizational performance.

Question 18

Fayol recommended the use of organizational charts to show the position and duties of each employee in the organization.

Accepted Answer

Fayol recommended the use of organizational charts to show the position and duties of each employee and to indicate which positions an employee might move to or be promoted into in the future.

Question 19

A drawback of management information systems is that they provide information only about an organization's internal environment, and not the external environment.

Accepted Answer

Management information systems give managers information about events occurring inside the organization as well as in its external environment.

Question 20

Job specialization refers the process by which

Accepted Answer

Job specialization is a process by which division of labor occurs as different workers specialize in tasks.

Quiz 2: The Evolution of Management