Question 1

What happens to water solubility as the hydrocarbon chain length increases in carboxylic acids?

Accepted Answer

As the hydrocarbon chain length increases in carboxylic acids, the nonpolar hydrocarbon chain becomes more dominant and the polar carboxyl group becomes less dominant, leading to a decrease in water solubility. This is because water is a polar solvent and is therefore better able to dissolve substances with polar functional groups.

Question 2

The neutralization of formic acid by NaOH produces ________.

Accepted Answer

The neutralization of formic acid (HCOOH) by NaOH results in the formation of sodium formate (HCOONa) and water (H2O).

Question 3

A carboxylic acid is named in the IUPAC system by replacing the e in the name of the parent alkane with ________.

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acid is named by replacing the e in the name of the parent alkane with oic acid. For example, ethane would become ethanoic acid.

Question 4

When compared to sulfuric acid,how strong are carboxylic acids?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acids are weaker than sulfuric acid in terms of acidity. This is because the carboxylate ion formed after deprotonation of a carboxylic acid is stabilized by resonance effects, making it less likely to release a proton compared to sulfuric acid.

Question 5

Which of the following compounds is most soluble in water?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following compounds is most...

Question 6

Which compound below contains an ester functional group?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which compound below contains an ester functional...

Question 7

What kind of taste do carboxylic acids have?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acids have a sour taste, similar to vinegar or citrus fruits.

Question 8

The IUPAC name of this compound is ________.

Accepted Answer

The longest carbon chain in the compound is four, which makes it a butanoic acid. The chlorine atom is located in the third carbon from the carboxyl group, so the correct numbering gives us a 3-chlorobutanoic acid. Therefore, the correct IUPAC name is 3-chlorobutanoic acid. The options A, B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not consider the carboxyl group and/or the correct position of the chlorine atom.

Question 9

Which functional group is found in a carboxylic acid?

Accepted Answer

The functional group found in carboxylic acid is -COOH, which consists of a carbonyl group (C=O) and a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to the same carbon atom. Option B shows the -COOH functional group.

Question 10

What is the irritating acid found in ant and bee stings?

Accepted Answer

Formic acid is the irritating acid found in ant and bee stings.

Question 11

What is the IUPAC name for this compound?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the IUPAC name for this...

Question 12

Many of the fragrances of flowers and the flavors of fruits are due to ________.

Accepted Answer

Many fragrances of flowers and flavors of fruits are due to esters, which are formed by the reaction of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid.

Question 13

Which carboxylic acid in the list below is an aromatic carboxylic acid?

Accepted Answer

Benzoic acid is an aromatic carboxylic acid because it contains an aromatic ring (benzene ring) in its structure. The other options do not have an aromatic ring.

Question 14

The functional group in acetic acid is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

The functional group in acetic acid is the carboxyl group, which consists of a carbonyl group (C=O) and a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to the same carbon atom.

Question 15

What is the common name for ethanoic acid?

Accepted Answer

The common name for ethanoic acid is acetic acid, therefore option E is the best choice. Butyric acid is a different compound with a different chemical formula. Formic and citric acids are also different acids with different chemical formulas. Stearic acid is a long-chain, saturated fatty acid and is not related to ethanoic acid.

Question 16

Which of the following is found in vinegar?

Accepted Answer

Vinegar is primarily composed of acetic acid. Nitric acid, formic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid may also be found in other types of acids or substances, but they are not commonly found in vinegar.

Question 17

The common name of the compound  is ________.

Accepted Answer

The name of the compound indicates that it is a carboxylic acid with a seven-carbon chain (TB6077_00). The prefix "butyric" refers to a four-carbon chain, which matches with the last four carbons in the given compound. Therefore, the common name of the compound is butyric acid, which corresponds to choice E.

Question 18

In water solution,how does dilute acetic acid behave?

Accepted Answer

Dilute acetic acid behaves as a weak acid in water solution. It can donate a proton but only partially dissociates, leading to a small concentration of hydronium ions in the solution.

Question 19

This functional group is known as a(n)________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of This functional group is known as a(n)________....

Question 20

Which of these functional groups is likely to give a sour taste to a food?

Accepted Answer

The carboxylic acid functional group is likely to give a sour taste to a food. This is because carboxylic acids can donate a proton to water, forming hydronium ions, which increase the acidity of the food. Sour taste is often associated with acidic compounds.

Quiz 14: Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides