Question 1

Skinner believed that there is no learning without reinforcement.Bandura

Accepted Answer

Bandura agrees with Skinner's observation that reinforcement is an important factor in learning, but he also stresses the role of observational or vicarious learning, where individuals learn new behaviors by watching others and the consequences of their actions. Therefore, the best choice is B.

Question 2

According to Bandura, the four core features of human agency are intentionality, _____, self-reactiveness, and self-reflectiveness.

Accepted Answer

The four core features of human agency according to Bandura are intentionality, forethought, self-reactiveness, and self-reflectiveness. Self-efficacy and locus of control are related concepts but are not included in the four core features. Positive reinforcement is also not included as it is a type of consequence, whereas the four core features relate to the factors that drive behavior.

Question 3

Bandura's triadic reciprocal causation assumes that personal conduct is a function of

Accepted Answer

Bandura's triadic reciprocal causation theory suggests that personal conduct is a product of the interplay between behavior, the individual, and the environment. Therefore, all of the given choices are correct.

Question 4

Bandura calls the capacity to exercise control over our lives

Accepted Answer

Bandura coined the term "human agency" to describe the capacity of individuals to exercise control over their lives and make deliberate choices. This is different from the idea of an external locus of control, where individuals feel that their lives are controlled by outside forces, or a purely deterministic view of free will. The concept of internal locus of control is related, but focuses more specifically on the belief that one's own actions and decisions can impact outcomes. Therefore, option C - human agency - is the best choice for this question.

Question 5

List and describe the components of Bandura's theory of self-regulation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List and describe the components of Bandura's...

Question 6

Bandura's P, or person, factor includes

Accepted Answer

Bandura's P, or person, factor includes all of these factors listed, including thought, memory, and physical characteristics such as size and social role.

Question 7

Compared to Skinner's approach, Bandura's theory is more

Accepted Answer

Bandura's theory emphasizes the cognitive processes involved in learning, including observation, attention, and memory, whereas Skinner's approach is more focused on environmental reinforcement and punishment.

Question 8

According to Bandura, ______ is a person's expectations that he or she can or cannot execute the behavior necessary to effect a successful change in a particular situation.

Accepted Answer

Bandura introduced the concept of self-efficacy, which refers to a person's belief in their ability to execute the behavior necessary to achieve a successful outcome in a given situation. It is closely related to confidence, and can heavily influence a person's motivations, emotions, and behaviors.

Question 9

Bandura believes that cognition

Accepted Answer

Bandura's social cognitive theory holds that behavior is influenced by the interaction of cognition, behavior, and environment. Therefore, cognition is not solely responsible for behavior (A is incorrect) and is not an autonomous force within the person (B is incorrect). However, cognition does play a significant role in shaping behavior and is influenced by the individual's behavior and environment (C is correct). Therefore, D and E are also incorrect.

Question 10

Bandura calls situations in life beyond one's deliberate control

Accepted Answer

Bandura refers to situations in life that are beyond one's deliberate control as both "chance encounters" and "fortuitous events."

Question 11

Discuss Bandura's concept of collective efficacy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss Bandura's concept of collective efficacy....

Question 12

Unlike Skinner's behavioral analysis, Bandura's social cognitive theory

Accepted Answer

Bandura's social cognitive theory recognizes the influence of chance encounters, which is different from Skinner's behaviorism that emphasizes the role of environmental factors and reinforcements. Bandura's theory recognizes that behavior is also influenced by cognitive processes such as observing, attention, and memory. The theory also emphasizes the importance of personal goals and self-regulation. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not align with Bandura's theory.

Question 13

To Bandura, self-efficacy is synonymous with

Accepted Answer

Self-efficacy, according to Bandura, refers to an individual's belief in their capacity to execute behaviors necessary to produce specific performance attainments. It is distinct from outcome expectancies (beliefs about the outcomes of actions), locus of control (the degree to which people believe they have control over the outcome of events in their lives), absence of anxiety and tension, and levels of aspiration.

Question 14

Bandura reasons that if behavior were completely a function of the environment,

Accepted Answer

Bandura's theory of reciprocal determinism suggests that behavior is influenced by the interaction between people's traits (including their thinking) and their social context. If behavior were entirely determined by the environment, it would lead to more varied and less consistent behavior due to the constantly changing nature of environmental factors.

Question 15

Albert Bandura is a native of _______, but has lived most of his life in _______.

Accepted Answer

Albert Bandura was born in Canada in 1925 and has lived most of his life in the United States, where he conducted most of his research at Stanford University.

Question 16

In Bandura's theory, chance encounters enter at which point in the triadic reciprocal cauastion paradigm?

Accepted Answer

Chance encounters are a type of environmental influence that enters into the triadic reciprocal causation paradigm at the environmental level. Bandura's theory proposes that behavior, personal factors, and environmental factors all interact to influence each other, with chance encounters being one of the many factors that can influence behavior in the environmental context.

Question 17

Bandura views human agency as

Accepted Answer

Bandura views human agency as the capacity to exercise control over our own lives, which is in opposition to the idea that we are purely a product of our environment or genetic makeup. He believes that we can actively shape and influence our behavior and environment through our actions, choices, and decision-making processes, thus giving us agency over our lives. Therefore, option B is the best choice.

Question 18

The notion that behavior is a consequence of a mutual interaction of three forces is what Bandura calls

Accepted Answer

Bandura calls the notion that behavior is a consequence of a mutual interaction of three forces "triadic reciprocal causation."

Question 19

Self-efficacy enters Bandura's reciprocal determinism paradigm at the point of

Accepted Answer

Self-efficacy is the belief in one's ability to perform a specific behavior or achieve a specific goal. It is considered a personal factor and enters the reciprocal determinism paradigm at the level of the person. Bandura's theory posits that behavior is influenced by the interaction between personal factors, the environment, and behavior, with each factor influencing the other two. Thus, self-efficacy can impact behavior, and the environment and behavior can also affect self-efficacy.

Question 20

Discuss specific ways in which Bandura's social cognitive theory differs from Skinner's behavioral analysis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss specific ways in which Bandura's social...

Quiz 16: Skinner: Behavioral Analysis