Question 1

Common causes of process variation:

Accepted Answer

Common causes of process variation are inherent in the process and usually require management intervention to address systemic issues, rather than being addressed by local supervision.

Question 2

How well a product or service performs in the marketplace is called:

Accepted Answer

Quality of performance refers specifically to how well a product or service performs in the marketplace, meaning how well it meets customers' expectations and needs. Process capability relates to the ability of a process to consistently produce products or services within specified limits. Quality of conformance refers to how well a product meets specified standards and requirements. Quality of design relates to the extent to which a product or service meets the requirements and specifications established during the design stage. Process control refers to the measures taken during production to ensure that products or services meet specified requirements.

Question 3

Rational subgrouping allows us to detect changes ____________ subgroups.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Rational subgrouping allows us to detect changes...

Question 4

When employing measurement data to study a process,the __________ monitors the process variation.

Accepted Answer

The R chart (Range chart) monitors the process variation by analyzing the range of the data points within each subgroup. It is used in conjunction with the $\overline { \mathcal { X } }$ chart to provide a comprehensive view of process variation. The p chart is used to monitor the proportion of nonconforming items in a sample, while natural tolerance and pattern analysis are not directly related to monitoring process variation.

Question 5

Observing the output of a process at fixed time intervals is referred to as ___________ sampling.

Accepted Answer

Periodic sampling involves taking measurements at fixed time intervals, which is the most appropriate method for observing the output of a process at regular intervals. Consecutive sampling involves taking measurements after every instance of the event, whereas random sampling involves taking measurements at random times, which may not be suitable for observing a process. Fixed sampling is a vague term and not commonly used.

Question 6

When employing measurement data to study a process,the ____________ monitors the process mean.

Accepted Answer

The symbol $\overline { \mathcal { X } }$ represents the sample mean of a process, so the control chart that monitors the process mean is the $\overline { \mathcal { X } }$ chart.

Question 7

When a process is influenced only by common causes of variation:

Accepted Answer

When a process is influenced only by common causes of variation, it means the process is in statistical control. This is because common causes of variation are inherent in the process and cannot be eliminated completely. A control chart helps us to identify whether the process is in statistical control, and if all the data points fall within the control limits, it indicates that the process is stable and predictable. Common causes of variation do not cause the process to be out of control or incapable of meeting customer requirements.

Question 8

If a control chart is used correctly,and the necessary corrective actions are taken,as the control limits get ____________,the potential quality of the product _____________.

Accepted Answer

As the control limits get tighter, it means that the process is becoming more stable and consistent, resulting in a higher potential quality of the product. This is because tighter control limits imply that there is less variability in the process, which translates into fewer defects and a higher level of predictability. On the other hand, if the control limits were to get looser, it would mean that the process is becoming more unstable, and the potential quality of the product could decrease due to an increase in defects and variability.

Question 9

If the ________ limits are within the ________ limits,then it can be concluded that the process is __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If the ________ limits are within the...

Question 10

In a manufacturing process,if the limits for a control chart are set too _____________,the risk of unnecessarily tampering with the process ____________.

Accepted Answer

If the limits for a control chart are set too tight, there is a higher chance of normal process variability being mistaken for special causes of variation, resulting in unnecessary tampering with the process. Therefore, the risk of unnecessarily tampering with the process increases.

Question 11

A(n)_______ chart monitors the number of nonconformities units in a subgroup.

Accepted Answer

A p-chart monitors the number of nonconformities units in a subgroup.

Question 12

How well the design of a product or service meets and exceeds the needs and expectations of the customer is called:

Accepted Answer

Quality of design refers to how well a product or service meets and exceeds the needs and expectations of the customer. It includes features, aesthetics, reliability, durability, and other aspects of design that allow the product or service to perform as expected and provide value to the customer.

Question 13

How well a process is able to meet the requirements set forth by the process design is called:

Accepted Answer

Quality of conformance refers to how well a process is able to meet the requirements or specifications that were set forth in the process design. It is an important metric in assessing the effectiveness of a process and ensuring that it is meeting the needs of its stakeholders. Process leeway refers to the amount of flexibility or room for error that is built into a process. Quality of performance refers to how well a product or service meets the needs or expectations of its users. Quality of design refers to how well a product or service meets the requirements or specifications that were set forth during the design phase.

Question 14

Which of the following control charts is designed to control the proportion of nonconforming units?

Accepted Answer

The p chart is designed specifically to control the proportion of nonconforming units in a process. It is used when the data being collected is binary (i.e. a unit is either conforming or nonconforming). The $\overline { \mathcal { X } }$ chart is used to control the mean of a continuous variable, and the R chart is used to control the range of a continuous variable.

Question 15

If the process variability steadily increases,we would observe:

Accepted Answer

An upward trend on the R chart indicates that the process variability is steadily increasing. This is because the R chart measures the variability or dispersion of the process data over time, and if this variability is increasing, the R values will also increase over time, resulting in an upward trend on the R chart. The other options do not accurately reflect an increase in process variability.

Question 16

If a company is using an $\overline { \mathcal { X } }$ 
chart for a given process with measurement data,it is generally not important or necessary to use an R chart or s chart.

Accepted Answer

While an $\overline { \mathcal { X } }$ chart can be used to monitor the centering of a process, it does not provide information on the variability of the process. Therefore, it may be important or necessary to use either an R chart or s chart to monitor the process variability.

Question 17

In a manufacturing process,if the limits for a control chart are set too _____________,the risk of not investigating a special cause of variation and possibly not taking a corrective action ____________.

Accepted Answer

If the control limits are set too loose, it increases the risk of not detecting a special cause of variation, leading to a lack of corrective action.

Question 18

Common causes of variation represent the inherent variability of a given process.

Accepted Answer

Common causes of variation are also known as natural or random causes and are an inherent part of any process. They are usually small and expected variations that occur even when the process is in a state of statistical control. Examples of common causes of variation include differences in worker speed, natural material variations, weather, and equipment wear and tear.

Question 19

The natural tolerance limits for a normally distributed process that is in statistical control:

Accepted Answer

Natural tolerance limits represent the range of values within which almost all the process measurements will fall, assuming a normal distribution. For a normally distributed process that is in statistical control, the natural tolerance limits will contain approximately 99.73% of the individual process measurements. However, the natural tolerance limits are not the same as the specification limits, which represent the acceptable range of values for a product or service. When a process is capable, meaning that its variability is small compared to the specification limits, the natural tolerance limits will be within the specification limits. Therefore, both options A and B are incorrect. Option D correctly states that the natural tolerance limits will be within the specification limits when a process is capable and will contain approximately 99.73% of the individual process measurements. Option E is incorrect because the natural tolerance limits will not extend beyond the specification limits when a process is capable.

Question 20

In 25 samples of 100 units each,75 units were found to be defective.Find the appropriate UCL and LCL for the p chart.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In 25 samples of 100 units each,75...

Quiz 17: Process Improvement Using Control Charts

Common causes of process variation:

How well a product or service performs in the marketplace is called:

Rational subgrouping allows us to detect changes ____________ subgroups.

When employing measurement data to study a process,the __________ monitors the process variation.

Observing the output of a process at fixed time intervals is referred to as ___________ sampling.

When employing measurement data to study a process,the ____________ monitors the process mean.

When a process is influenced only by common causes of variation:

If a control chart is used correctly,and the necessary corrective actions are taken,as the control limits get ,the potential quality of the product _.

If the limits are within the limits,then it can be concluded that the process is __.

In a manufacturing process,if the limits for a control chart are set too _,the risk of unnecessarily tampering with the process .

A(n) _______ chart monitors the number of nonconformities units in a subgroup.

How well the design of a product or service meets and exceeds the needs and expectations of the customer is called:

How well a process is able to meet the requirements set forth by the process design is called:

Which of the following control charts is designed to control the proportion of nonconforming units?

If the process variability steadily increases,we would observe:

If a company is using an $\overline { \mathcal { X } }$ chart for a given process with measurement data,it is generally not important or necessary to use an R chart or s chart.

In a manufacturing process,if the limits for a control chart are set too _,the risk of not investigating a special cause of variation and possibly not taking a corrective action .

Common causes of variation represent the inherent variability of a given process.

The natural tolerance limits for a normally distributed process that is in statistical control:

In 25 samples of 100 units each,75 units were found to be defective.Find the appropriate UCL and LCL for the p chart.

Quiz 17: Process Improvement Using Control Charts

Common causes of process variation:

How well a product or service performs in the marketplace is called:

Rational subgrouping allows us to detect changes ____________ subgroups.

When employing measurement data to study a process,the __________ monitors the process variation.

Observing the output of a process at fixed time intervals is referred to as ___________ sampling.

When employing measurement data to study a process,the ____________ monitors the process mean.

When a process is influenced only by common causes of variation:

If a control chart is used correctly,and the necessary corrective actions are taken,as the control limits get ____________,the potential quality of the product _____________.

If the ________ limits are within the ________ limits,then it can be concluded that the process is __________.

In a manufacturing process,if the limits for a control chart are set too _____________,the risk of unnecessarily tampering with the process ____________.

A(n) _______ chart monitors the number of nonconformities units in a subgroup.

How well the design of a product or service meets and exceeds the needs and expectations of the customer is called:

How well a process is able to meet the requirements set forth by the process design is called:

Which of the following control charts is designed to control the proportion of nonconforming units?

If the process variability steadily increases,we would observe:

If a company is using an X‾\overline { \mathcal { X } }X chart for a given process with measurement data,it is generally not important or necessary to use an R chart or s chart.

In a manufacturing process,if the limits for a control chart are set too _____________,the risk of not investigating a special cause of variation and possibly not taking a corrective action ____________.

Common causes of variation represent the inherent variability of a given process.

The natural tolerance limits for a normally distributed process that is in statistical control:

In 25 samples of 100 units each,75 units were found to be defective.Find the appropriate UCL and LCL for the p chart.

If a control chart is used correctly,and the necessary corrective actions are taken,as the control limits get ,the potential quality of the product _.

If the limits are within the limits,then it can be concluded that the process is __.

In a manufacturing process,if the limits for a control chart are set too _,the risk of unnecessarily tampering with the process .

If a company is using an $\overline { \mathcal { X } }$ chart for a given process with measurement data,it is generally not important or necessary to use an R chart or s chart.

In a manufacturing process,if the limits for a control chart are set too _,the risk of not investigating a special cause of variation and possibly not taking a corrective action .