Question 1

What did the first tricyclic antidepressants do?

Accepted Answer

The first tricyclic antidepressants (such as imipramine and amitriptyline) inhibited reuptake of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin, increasing their availability in the synaptic cleft and enhancing neurotransmission.

Question 2

What will be the initial effect of the antipsychotic drugs?

Accepted Answer

Antipsychotic drugs typically block D2 dopamine receptors in the brain, leading to a decrease in dopamine activity and a reduction in psychotic symptoms.

Question 3

Recommendations for the treatment of schizophrenia are based on existing scientific evidence as developed by Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team in the US. How many levels exist?

Accepted Answer

There are 7 levels of recommendations for the treatment of schizophrenia developed by Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team in the US.

Question 4

Recommendations for the treatment of schizophrenia are based on existing scientific evidence as developed by Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team in the US. Which level of evidence would be present if evidence from at least 1 RCT was available?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Recommendations for the treatment of schizophrenia are...

Question 5

What are two of the most positive aspects of antipsychotic medication?

Accepted Answer

Antipsychotic medications are known for not producing dependence, making them safer in terms of addiction risk. Additionally, their pharmacological profile makes it difficult to use them to commit suicide, providing an added layer of safety in treating psychiatric conditions.

Question 6

What should Joseph avoid now that he has been prescribed monoamine oxidase inhibitors for his depression?

Accepted Answer

Patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors should avoid foods high in tyramine, as they can cause a dangerous increase in blood pressure. Aged cheeses are among the foods with high levels of tyramine. It is important to follow a specific dietary restrictions while taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors to prevent potentially life-threatening interactions.

Question 7

Current theories of the antidepressant action of drugs, focus less on the drug's initial biochemical effects and more on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Theories have shifted focus towards the delayed reactions of neurons to repeated drug exposure as a key factor in the antidepressant action of drugs, rather than their immediate biochemical effects.

Question 8

Recommendations for the treatment of schizophrenia are based on existing scientific evidence as developed by the Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team in the US. Which level would be present if there was evidence from a single descriptive or qualitative study available?

Accepted Answer

Level VI is assigned to evidence from a single descriptive or qualitative study.

Question 9

What drug has Ken been prescribed for his depression that leads his doctor to inform him he should avoid the following: chianti wine and smoked or pickle fish?

Accepted Answer

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are a class of antidepressant drugs that can have dangerous interactions with certain foods and drinks containing high levels of tyramine, such as chianti wine and smoked or pickle fish. Consuming these products while taking MAOIs can lead to a sudden and dangerous spike in blood pressure, which could cause a stroke or other serious health problems. Therefore, patients taking MAOIs are advised to avoid these foods and drinks.

Question 10

What is the average lag period for antidepressants to begin to be effective?

Accepted Answer

Antidepressants typically start to show their effects within about 2 weeks, although it can take up to 4 to 6 weeks for the full benefits to be felt.

Question 11

Due to the increased risk of which of the following, Health Canada now requires a printed warning on several selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors?

Accepted Answer

Health Canada requires a printed warning on several selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors due to the increased risk of suicide tendencies in children and adolescents.

Question 12

You just learned your grandparent has been placed on a new drug due to a serious health concern. You have never heard of the drug before, what might be a beneficial step to take to investigate?

Accepted Answer

The Beers List is a helpful resource for identifying potentially inappropriate medications for older adults. It includes drugs that may have risks that outweigh their benefits for older individuals, and can help to identify potential concerns or side effects associated with the new medication your grandparent has been placed on. Consulting the Beers List can provide insight into the safety and appropriateness of the medication for your grandparent.

Question 13

As a Canadian citizen, what is the likelihood you will experience major depression at some point in your life which will require hospitalization?

Accepted Answer

The answer of As a Canadian citizen, what is the...

Question 14

What do many of the new atypical antipsychotics are known to cause?

Accepted Answer

Many atypical antipsychotics are known to cause significant weight gain and metabolic changes, which can increase the risk of other health problems such as diabetes and heart disease.

Question 15

What did a recent study of the long-term effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs find?

Accepted Answer

The recent study found that three-fourths of the patients stopped taking their medication within 18 months, indicating that the long-term effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs may be limited. The study did not find that atypical drugs are much more effective than conventional drugs, that the drugs are very effective for over 90 percent of schizophrenic patients, or that there is tolerance to the beneficial effects and doses must be increased after six weeks.

Question 16

Which country was the first to issue a Black-Box Warnings regarding Treating Adolescentsand Children with Antidepressants??

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which country was the first to issue...

Question 17

What is a common side effect linked with the older antipsychotics, but less common with the newer ones?

Accepted Answer

Pseudoparkinsonism is a common side effect of older antipsychotics due to their strong dopamine antagonism. However, newer antipsychotics have less potent dopamine antagonism and therefore have a lower likelihood of causing pseudoparkinsonism.

Question 18

Martha has been rushed to the hospital by her family fearful of her symptoms. Upon arrival the emergency doctor learns she has been taking antipsychotics medication and she is exhibiting the most serious complication of this drug treatment, which one is it?

Accepted Answer

Tardive dyskinesia is a serious and potentially irreversible side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic medications, characterized by repetitive, involuntary, purposeless movements.

Question 19

What was Prozac's initial purpose?

Accepted Answer

Prozac's initial purpose was as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), which is a type of antidepressant medication.

Question 20

Leonard's new symptoms are the result of taking the older type of antipsychotics medication, but he is reassured that they are the most common complication of this drug treatment, which one is it?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Leonard's new symptoms are the result of...

Quiz 8: Psychotherapeutic Drugs: Medication for Mental Disorders