Question 1

With so much of the male population of European countries in uniform during the war,women increasingly filled industrial positions from which they had heretofore been excluded.In Britain,these women were collectively dubbed:

Accepted Answer

Munitionettes were women who worked in the munitions factories during World War I. They were responsible for producing arms and ammunition for the war effort, and their work was crucial to the success of the allies. The term "munitionettes" was specifically used in Britain during the war, and became synonymous with the women who worked in the factories. While other choices, such as Rosie the Riveter and Angels of the Factories, were associated with women's work during World War II, they are not relevant to the question regarding women in European countries during World War I.

Question 2

The Bolsheviks were able to ultimately triumph in October 1917 under the leadership of the young,dedicated revolutionary:

Accepted Answer

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, also known as Lenin, was the leader of the Bolsheviks and played a crucial role in planning and executing the October Revolution of 1917. He was a committed Marxist and had a clear vision for the socialist transformation of Russia. His leadership and strategic acumen were instrumental in the Bolsheviks' victory.

Question 3

The American journalist John Reed,in covering the Russian Revolution,wrote of the events of October 1917 that they were "ten days that shook the world." Although many attitudes and things were immediately shaken,it did have a more lasting effect because it:

Accepted Answer

The October Revolution of 1917 was a major political transformation that set the agenda for future revolutions and created the political gestalt for the rest of the century. It established the first socialist government in the world, and its impact was felt beyond Russia. The revolution inspired communist movements in other countries and contributed to the rise of Marxist-Leninist ideology as a major force in international politics. Its effects were long-lasting and far-reaching, making it a pivotal event in world history.

Question 4

One of the changes in British society after the war was the availability of birth control with the first birth-control clinic was opened in London in 1921 by:

Accepted Answer

The first birth-control clinic in London was opened by Marie Stopes in 1921. Vera Brittain was a feminist writer and activist, Margaret Sanger was an American birth control activist, Emmeline Pankhurst was a suffragette, and Millicent Fawcett was a suffragist leader.

Question 5

Which of the following was NOT a major element in the German collapse of November 1918?

Accepted Answer

Although the sudden death of Kaiser Wilhelm's heir could have potentially had an impact on the stability of the German government, it was not a major element in the collapse of November 1918. The other options all played significant roles, including the naval mutiny, declaration of a republic, socialist revolts, scarce food supplies, and surrender of Austria.

Question 6

The social changes that were forged during the war were recorded in one of the most famous autobiographies of the period,Testament of Youth,by:

Accepted Answer

Testament of Youth is a famous autobiography written by Vera Brittain, which chronicles her experiences during World War I and the social changes that occurred during that time.

Question 7

The Russian people revolted against their tsar in 1917 because of:

Accepted Answer

The Russian people revolted against their tsar in 1917 due to a combination of factors, which are listed in options A, B, C, and D. The horrendous loss of life in World War I, living conditions that had grossly deteriorated, lack of food in most areas of the country, and a complete loss of faith in the government all contributed to the popular uprising that led to the fall of the tsarist regime. Therefore, option E, which includes all of these factors, is the best choice.

Question 8

Russia had been stunned by early setbacks in 1914,due primarily to problems of equipment,supply,and training.By the end of 1916,it had been brought to the verge of total collapse by:

Accepted Answer

The combination of political ineptitude and military defeat brought Russia to the verge of total collapse by the end of 1916. The government's inability to bring production up to the levels needed to pursue the war with Germany and the political threat posed by the Bolsheviks were contributing factors, as was the failed harvests and mass starvation, which also contributed to a reduction in industrial capacity. However, the primary reason for Russia's dire situation was the combination of political and military failures.

Question 9

Tsar Nicholas II of Russia abdicated his throne and thus made way for the formation of a transitional government for Russia in what is now known as:

Accepted Answer

The abdication of Tsar Nicholas II in March 1917 is referred to as the February Revolution, as Russia was still using the Julian calendar at the time, which was 13 days behind the Gregorian calendar used in Western Europe. This event marked the end of the Romanov dynasty and paved the way for the creation of a provisional government.

Question 10

Which Bolshevik leader made the most notable contribution to Lenin's efforts during the fall of 1917?

Accepted Answer

Trotsky played a crucial role in the fall of 1917, as he was the one who organized and led the Bolshevik military in the insurrection against the government. He orchestrated the successful takeover of key locations in Petrograd and played a significant role in ensuring the success of the Bolsheviks during this period.

Question 11

The abdication of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia in February 1917 was caused by:

Accepted Answer

The abdication of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia in February 1917 was caused by a loosely organized march of women demanding food, fuel, and political reform that quickly spiraled into a mass strike which the army joined. The strikes spread like wildfire, and the situation quickly escalated, with workers and soldiers joining together to demand political change. Ultimately, Nicholas was forced to abdicate in order to prevent a civil war.

Question 12

Although every country fighting in World War I suffered food shortages at various times during the war,Great Britain was the last to institute control by rationing bread in 1917 primarily because:

Accepted Answer

German submarine success in sinking Allied shipping disrupted British imports of food and supplies, leading to shortages and ultimately the need for rationing.

Question 13

Which of the following was a consequence of the Hindenburg Plan?

Accepted Answer

The Hindenburg Plan placed industrialists in charge of the war economy, leading to conflicts of interest and inflation.

Question 14

Many social changes occurred in Europe as a result of World War I.Among them was the emergence of the "New Woman," an occurrence that was greeted:

Accepted Answer

The emergence of the "New Woman" was not universally praised, as there were people who celebrated the change as well as those who grumbled about it. Therefore, choice D, which states that the emergence was received with mixed reviews, is the best answer.

Question 15

What was the single greatest U.S.contribution to the defeat of German forces on the battlefield in 1918?

Accepted Answer

The sheer number of U.S. conscripts sent into battle alongside the Allies provided a significant boost in manpower, which was crucial in tipping the balance against German forces in 1918.

Question 16

What or who were the soviets?

Accepted Answer

The soviets were local councils of workers and soldiers throughout Russia that were formed during the Russian Revolution. They played a major role in the Bolshevik seizure of power and the establishment of the Soviet Union.

Question 17

The second Russian revolution in 1917 was led by:

Accepted Answer

The second Russian revolution in 1917 was led by the Bolsheviks, who overthrew the provisional government and established a communist government. The other options (A, C, D, and E) either did not have significant roles in the second revolution or do not exist as political groups.

Question 18

Opposed to Lenin and his plan for a takeover of the Russian government was another part of the Social Democratic Party:

Accepted Answer

The other part of the Social Democratic Party opposed to Lenin and his plan for a takeover of the Russian government was the Mensheviks. The Left and Right Social Revolutionaries were separate political parties, while the Bolsheviks were Lenin's own faction within the Social Democratic Party. There is no mention of the Pushkinites in relation to this context.

Question 19

The Bolsheviks under Lenin attempted to gain widespread support during the summer of 1917 under the slogan:

Accepted Answer

The slogan used by the Bolsheviks under Lenin to gain widespread support during the summer of 1917 was "Peace, Land, and Bread, Now!" This slogan appealed to the peasants who wanted land, the soldiers who wanted to end the war, and the urban workers who wanted bread. It helped to mobilize support for the Bolsheviks, who eventually seized power in the October Revolution of 1917.

Question 20

During August 1918,the war changed momentum on the Western Front due to several factors,the most important of which was:

Accepted Answer

The answer of During August 1918,the war changed momentum on...

Quiz 24: The First World War