Question 1

Tribal totalitarianism is found in states where political power is monopolized by a party,group,or individual that governs according to religious principles.

Accepted Answer

Tribal totalitarianism occurs when a political party that represents the interests of a particular tribe (and not always the majority tribe)monopolizes power.

Question 2

In the early twentieth century,the socialist ideology split into two broad camps: the communists and the capitalists.

Accepted Answer

In the early twentieth century,the socialist ideology split into two broad camps,the communists and the social democrats.

Question 3

The fascist regimes that ruled Germany and Italy in the 1930s and 1940s are examples of theocratic totalitarianism.

Accepted Answer

The fascist regimes that ruled Germany and Italy in the 1930s and 1940s were right-wing totalitarian states,which generally permit some individual economic freedom but restrict individual political freedom,frequently on the grounds that it would lead to the rise of communism.

Question 4

A common law system tends to be less adversarial than a civil law system.

Accepted Answer

A civil law system tends to be less adversarial than a common law system,since the judges rely upon detailed legal codes rather than interpreting tradition,precedent,and custom.

Question 5

In a pure command economy,the goods and services that a country produces,the quantity in which they are produced,and the prices at which they are sold are all dictated by the interaction of demand and supply.

Accepted Answer

In a pure command economy,the goods and services that a country produces,the quantity in which they are produced,and the prices at which they are sold are all planned by the government.

Question 6

The American Declaration of Independence embodies the ideals of collectivism.

Accepted Answer

Individualism underlies the ideas expressed in the Declaration of Independence.

Question 7

Largely,political systems that emphasize collectivism tend to be democratic,while political systems that place a high value on individualism tend to be totalitarian.

Accepted Answer

Political systems that emphasize collectivism tend to be totalitarian,while political systems that place a high value on individualism tend to be democratic.

Question 8

Command economies are dynamic economic systems that encourage innovation.

Accepted Answer

In a command economy,state-owned enterprises have little incentive to control costs and be efficient,because they cannot go out of business.Also,the abolition of private ownership means there is no incentive for individuals to look for better ways to serve consumer needs;hence,dynamism and innovation are absent from command economies.

Question 9

In a pure market economy,all productive activities are privately owned,as opposed to being owned by the state.

Accepted Answer

In a pure market economy,all productive activities are privately owned,as opposed to being owned by the state.

Question 10

Judges in a common law system have the power to interpret the law so that it applies to the unique circumstances of an individual case.

Accepted Answer

Judges in a common law system have the power to interpret the law so that it applies to the unique circumstances of an individual case,thus offering a certain degree of flexibility to the system.

Question 11

Most right-wing dictatorships display an affinity towards socialist or communist ideas.

Accepted Answer

One common feature of most right-wing dictatorships is an overt hostility for socialist or communist ideas.

Question 12

The term political economy is used to stress the fact that the political,economic,and legal systems of a country are interdependent.

Accepted Answer

We use the term political economy to stress that the political,economic,and legal systems of a country are interdependent;they interact and influence each other,and in doing so they affect the level of economic well-being.

Question 13

In practical terms,individualism translates into an advocacy for democratic political systems and free market economics.

Accepted Answer

In practical terms,individualism translates into an advocacy for democratic political systems and free market economics.

Question 14

Right-wing totalitarianism generally permits some individual economic freedom but restricts individual political freedom.

Accepted Answer

Right-wing totalitarianism generally permits some individual economic freedom but restricts individual political freedom,frequently on the grounds that it would lead to the rise of communism.

Question 15

Plato did not equate collectivism with equality.

Accepted Answer

Plato did not equate collectivism with equality;he believed that society should be stratified into classes,with those best suited to rule administering society for the benefit of all.

Question 16

The most common form of theocratic totalitarianism is based on Islam and is exemplified by states such as Iran and Saudi Arabia.

Accepted Answer

The most common form of theocratic totalitarianism is based on Islam and is exemplified by states such as Iran and Saudi Arabia.

Question 17

China,Vietnam,Laos,North Korea,and Cuba are no longer totalitarian states.

Accepted Answer

Communism is in decline worldwide,and most of the Communist party dictatorships have collapsed since 1989.Exceptions to this trend (so far)are China,Vietnam,Laos,North Korea,and Cuba,although most of these states exhibit clear signs that the Communist Party's monopoly on political power is retreating.They remain,however,totalitarian states that deny many basic civil liberties to their populations.

Question 18

One of the tenets of collectivism is that the welfare of society is best served by letting people pursue their own economic self-interest.

Accepted Answer

In collectivist societies,an individual's right to do something may be restricted on the grounds that it runs counter to "the good of society" or to "the common good." However,individualism holds that the welfare of society is best served by letting people pursue their own economic self-interest,as opposed to some collective body (such as government)dictating what is in society's best interest.

Question 19

The social democrats believed that socialism could be achieved only through violent revolution and totalitarian dictatorship.

Accepted Answer

The social democrats committed themselves to achieving socialism by democratic means,turning their backs on violent revolution and dictatorship.

Question 20

The United States practices pure democracy.

Accepted Answer

The pure form of democracy,as originally practiced by several city-states in ancient Greece,is based on a belief that citizens should be directly involved in decision making.In complex,advanced societies with populations in the tens or hundreds of millions this is impractical.Most modern democratic states practice representative democracy where,citizens periodically elect individuals to represent them.

Quiz 2: National Differences in Political Economy

Tribal totalitarianism is found in states where political power is monopolized by a party,group,or individual that governs according to religious principles.

In the early twentieth century,the socialist ideology split into two broad camps: the communists and the capitalists.

The fascist regimes that ruled Germany and Italy in the 1930s and 1940s are examples of theocratic totalitarianism.

A common law system tends to be less adversarial than a civil law system.

In a pure command economy,the goods and services that a country produces,the quantity in which they are produced,and the prices at which they are sold are all dictated by the interaction of demand and supply.

The American Declaration of Independence embodies the ideals of collectivism.

Largely,political systems that emphasize collectivism tend to be democratic,while political systems that place a high value on individualism tend to be totalitarian.

Command economies are dynamic economic systems that encourage innovation.

In a pure market economy,all productive activities are privately owned,as opposed to being owned by the state.

Judges in a common law system have the power to interpret the law so that it applies to the unique circumstances of an individual case.

Most right-wing dictatorships display an affinity towards socialist or communist ideas.

The term political economy is used to stress the fact that the political,economic,and legal systems of a country are interdependent.

In practical terms,individualism translates into an advocacy for democratic political systems and free market economics.

Right-wing totalitarianism generally permits some individual economic freedom but restricts individual political freedom.

Plato did not equate collectivism with equality.

The most common form of theocratic totalitarianism is based on Islam and is exemplified by states such as Iran and Saudi Arabia.

China,Vietnam,Laos,North Korea,and Cuba are no longer totalitarian states.

One of the tenets of collectivism is that the welfare of society is best served by letting people pursue their own economic self-interest.

The social democrats believed that socialism could be achieved only through violent revolution and totalitarian dictatorship.

The United States practices pure democracy.