Question 1

Distinguish between internal and external locus of control.

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Question 2

What are the two types of personal values? Explain.

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Question 3

Differentiate between moods and emotions. How do moods and emotions affect the organization?

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Question 4

Differentiate between terminal and instrumental values. How do they contribute to the organizational culture?

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Question 5

What is socialization? How does it help an organization?

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Question 6

With regard to the managerial function of controlling in an organization that has a conservative culture, managers ________.

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Managers who want to encourage risk taking, creativity, and innovation recognize that there are multiple potential paths to success and that failure must be accepted for creativity to thrive. Thus they are less concerned about employees' performing their jobs in a specific, predetermined manner and in strict adherence to preset goals and more concerned about employees' being flexible and taking the initiative to come up with ideas for improving performance. In contrast, managers in cultures that emphasize caution and maintenance of the status quo often set specific, difficult goals for employees, frequently monitor progress toward these goals, and develop a clear set of rules that employees are expected to adhere to.

Question 7

With regard to the managerial function of leading in an organization with an innovative culture, managers ________.

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In an innovative culture, managers are likely to lead by example, encouraging employees to take risks and experiment. They are supportive regardless of whether employees succeed or fail. In contrast, managers in a conservative culture are likely to use management by objectives and to constantly monitor subordinates' progress toward goals, overseeing their every move.

Question 8

Define job satisfaction and discuss why it is so important for managers to be satisfied with their jobs.

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Question 9

Discuss extraversion. How does it affect managers' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors?

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Question 10

Define the concept of emotional intelligence. How does having emotional intelligence help managers?

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Question 11

What is organizational culture?

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Question 12

With regard to controlling in an organization, which of the following aptly describes the difference between the managers in an innovative culture and those in a conservative culture?

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Managers in innovative cultures are also more concerned about long-term performance than short-term targets because they recognize that real innovation entails much uncertainty that necessitates flexibility. In contrast, managers in cultures that emphasize caution and maintenance of the status quo often set specific, difficult goals for employees, frequently monitor progress toward these goals, and develop a clear set of rules that employees are expected to adhere to.

Question 13

Which of the following is true of the managerial function of organizing in an organization that has a conservative culture?

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Valuing creativity, managers in innovative cultures are likely to try to create an organic structure-one that is flat, with few levels in the hierarchy, and one in which authority is decentralized so employees are encouraged to work together to solve ongoing problems. A product team structure may be suitable for an organization with an innovative culture. In contrast, managers in a conservative culture are likely to create a well-defined hierarchy of authority and establish clear reporting relationships so employees know exactly whom to report to and how to react to any problems that arise.

Question 14

Explain what organizational rites are. What are the different types? Give one example of each.

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Question 15

Discuss organizational commitment and its relationship to organizational culture.

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Question 16

Explain the attraction-selection-attrition (ASA) framework. How does it help explain the formation of organizational cultures?

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Question 17

Explain how culture influences the way managers perform their four main functions: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.

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Question 18

Which of the following is true of the planning process in an organization with an innovative culture?

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Top managers in an organization with an innovative culture are likely to encourage lower-level managers to participate in the planning process and develop a flexible approach to planning. They are likely to be willing to listen to new ideas and to take risks involving the development of new products. In contrast, top managers in an organization with conservative values are likely to emphasize formal top-down planning. Suggestions from lower-level managers are likely to be subjected to a formal review process, which can significantly slow decision making.

Question 19

Define personality traits. What are the Big Five personality traits?

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Question 20

Define the needs for achievement, affiliation, and power that affect managerial behavior.

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Quiz 2: Values, Attitudes, Emotions, and Culture: the Manager As a Person