Question 1

Compared with novices,experts have:

Accepted Answer

The definition of an expert is someone who has acquired extensive knowledge and skill in a particular area. Therefore, choice B is the correct answer. Choice A is incorrect because experts may have better memory in their specific area of expertise, but not necessarily overall. Choice C is also incorrect, as experts have more experience in their area of expertise. Choice D may or may not be true, but motivation is not necessarily a defining characteristic of an expert.

Question 2

Michael Pressley believes that the key to education is helping students to:

Accepted Answer

Pressley believes that students need a repertoire of strategies for problem-solving to succeed in education. The other options (developing social skills, learning creativity, and formulating career plans) are important but are not as crucial to success in education as having problem-solving strategies.

Question 3

Rajim is trying to put together a puzzle.His first attempts were not very successful,so he adopted another strategy instead.Rajim is demonstrating which dimension of executive function?

Accepted Answer

Rajim is demonstrating flexibility, which involves adapting strategies and approaches when initial attempts are unsuccessful.

Question 4

_____ involves knowing about knowing.

Accepted Answer

Metacognition is the process of thinking about one's own thinking. It involves being aware of and understanding one's own cognitive processes, including how one learns and remembers information, solves problems, and makes decisions.

Question 5

Voletta thinks reflectively and reviews,connects,and reflects as a means of evaluating evidence.This means that she is engaging in:

Accepted Answer

Voletta is engaging in critical thinking by reviewing, connecting and reflecting on evidence. Critical thinking involves analyzing and evaluating information to make informed decisions or conclusions.

Question 6

Megan,8,has a test tomorrow."It's an easy test," she tells her mother."I just have to recognize a bunch of stuff on a chart.I finished studying for it yesterday." Megan is exhibiting her:

Accepted Answer

Megan is showing her awareness of her own memory and studying abilities, which is known as metamemory. This shows that she is able to reflect on her own learning process and evaluate her preparedness for the test.

Question 7

Self-control/inhibition,working memory,and flexibility are all dimensions of

Accepted Answer

Self-control/inhibition, working memory, and flexibility are all components of executive function, which is responsible for regulating behavior, attention, and thought processes to achieve specific goals. Crystalized intelligence pertains to accumulated knowledge and skills acquired over time, kinesthetic frame of mind refers to an individual's ability to learn through physical movement, and externalizing behaviors refer to actions that are problematic or disruptive for the individual or others around them.

Question 8

Knowledge about memory is known as:

Accepted Answer

Knowledge about memory is known as metamemory. Working memory refers to the temporary storage and manipulation of information, implicit memory refers to unconscious memory processes, and metadata refers to data that provides information about other data.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT an effective memory strategy?

Accepted Answer

Encouraging memorization rather than understanding of information is not an effective memory strategy because it does not promote deep processing or application of the learned information. Effective memory strategies involve elaboration, mental imagery, repetition with variation, and linking information early.

Question 10

Which of the following is a strategy for improving children's memory skills?

Accepted Answer

Embedding memory-relevant language when instructing children, such as using rhymes, songs, or other mnemonic devices, has been suggested as an effective strategy for improving children's memory skills. Avoiding repetition of the same instructional information would limit opportunities for children to absorb and retain the material. Motivating children to remember material by memorizing it may not be the most sustainable approach, and discouraging mental imagery would remove a potentially useful memory-building tool.

Question 11

Ulonda really wants one of the cookies her mom just baked,but decides to wait until after dinner.Ulonda is exhibiting which dimension of executive function?

Accepted Answer

Self-control/inhibition is the dimension of executive function that involves resisting impulsivity and delaying gratification. Ulonda is exhibiting this trait by waiting until after dinner to eat the cookie, instead of giving in to the immediate desire to have it.

Question 12

According to the fuzzy trace theory,the _____ consists of the precise details of the information.

Accepted Answer

According to the fuzzy trace theory, the precise details of the information are stored in the verbatim memory trace. The gist, on the other hand, represents the general meaning or underlying concept of the information. Fuzzy traces are a combination of both verbatim and gist information, but do not specifically refer to the precise details. Mental imagery, while related to memory, is not specifically mentioned in the context of the fuzzy trace theory.

Question 13

_____ develop(s)more rapidly during early childhood,and _____ develop(s)more rapidly during middle and late childhood.

Accepted Answer

According to research, short-term memory develops more rapidly during early childhood, while long-term memory develops more rapidly during middle and late childhood.

Question 14

Byron can take sticks of different lengths and put them all in order from shortest to longest. He can also discern that if stick A is longer than B and B is longer than C, then A is longer than C. This ability to logically combine relations to understand certain conclusions is:

Accepted Answer

Byron's ability to logically combine relations to understand certain conclusions is transitivity. Seriation is the ability to order objects by size, and it is mentioned in the question, but it is not the best choice for the presented scenario. Transduction involves transferring information between two or more separate cognitive domains, and classification is the ability to group objects based on shared characteristics. Neither of these terms accurately describes Byron's ability in the given scenario.

Question 15

If the word "win" is on a list of words a child is asked to remember,the child might think of the last time he won a pony race with a friend.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Elaboration refers to the process of creating meaningful associations between new information and existing knowledge. In this example, the child is elaborating on the concept of "win" by connecting it to a specific personal experience of winning a pony race with a friend.

Question 16

Emily has the ability to think about things in novel and unusual ways; this allows her to come up with unique solutions to problems.This ability is called:

Accepted Answer

Creative thinking is the ability to think about things in novel and unusual ways, which allows individuals to come up with unique solutions to problems. Logical thinking involves reasoning and making deductions based on established principles. Analytical thinking involves breaking down complex information into smaller parts to understand it better. Critical thinking involves evaluating information and arguments to make reasoned judgments.

Question 17

"What would you do if you could be invisible for a day?" This is an example of a question that has many possible answers and fosters _____ thinking.

Accepted Answer

Divergent thinking is the ability to generate multiple answers or solutions to a question or problem. This question allows for many possible answers, as people could do a variety of things if they were invisible for a day.

Question 18

_____ thinking characterizes the kind of thinking that is required on conventional tests of intelligence.

Accepted Answer

Convergent thinking is the ability to come up with a single, well-established answer to a problem. This is the kind of thinking that is required on conventional intelligence tests, which usually involve multiple-choice or short-answer questions with only one correct answer. Creative thinking (B) involves generating unique and original ideas, while divergent thinking (C) involves coming up with multiple solutions to a problem. Abstract thinking (D) involves thinking about concepts or ideas rather than concrete objects or experiences. While abstract thinking is important in many areas of life, it is not the specific kind of thinking required on conventional intelligence tests.

Question 19

The type of thinking that produces many answers to the same question is called:

Accepted Answer

Divergent thinking is a type of thinking that generates multiple ideas or solutions to a problem or question. This type of thinking involves exploring multiple possibilities and alternatives, and is often associated with creativity and innovation. Convergent thinking, by contrast, involves narrowing down a wide range of options to arrive at a single, "correct" answer. Expressive and productive thinking are not specific types of thinking and do not refer to generating multiple answers to a question.

Question 20

At some point during the early elementary school years,children begin to use _____ more and,according to the fuzzy trace theory,this contributes to the improved memory and reasoning of older children.

Accepted Answer

The answer of At some point during the early elementary...

Quiz 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle and Late Childhood

Compared with novices,experts have:

Michael Pressley believes that the key to education is helping students to:

Rajim is trying to put together a puzzle.His first attempts were not very successful,so he adopted another strategy instead.Rajim is demonstrating which dimension of executive function?

_____ involves knowing about knowing.

Voletta thinks reflectively and reviews,connects,and reflects as a means of evaluating evidence.This means that she is engaging in:

Megan,8,has a test tomorrow."It's an easy test," she tells her mother."I just have to recognize a bunch of stuff on a chart.I finished studying for it yesterday." Megan is exhibiting her:

Self-control/inhibition,working memory,and flexibility are all dimensions of

Knowledge about memory is known as:

Which of the following is NOT an effective memory strategy?

Which of the following is a strategy for improving children's memory skills?

Ulonda really wants one of the cookies her mom just baked,but decides to wait until after dinner.Ulonda is exhibiting which dimension of executive function?

According to the fuzzy trace theory,the _____ consists of the precise details of the information.

_ develop(s) more rapidly during early childhood,and _ develop(s) more rapidly during middle and late childhood.

Byron can take sticks of different lengths and put them all in order from shortest to longest. He can also discern that if stick A is longer than B and B is longer than C, then A is longer than C. This ability to logically combine relations to understand certain conclusions is:

If the word "win" is on a list of words a child is asked to remember,the child might think of the last time he won a pony race with a friend.This is an example of:

Emily has the ability to think about things in novel and unusual ways; this allows her to come up with unique solutions to problems.This ability is called:

"What would you do if you could be invisible for a day?" This is an example of a question that has many possible answers and fosters _____ thinking.

_____ thinking characterizes the kind of thinking that is required on conventional tests of intelligence.

The type of thinking that produces many answers to the same question is called:

At some point during the early elementary school years,children begin to use _____ more and,according to the fuzzy trace theory,this contributes to the improved memory and reasoning of older children.

Quiz 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle and Late Childhood

Compared with novices,experts have:

Michael Pressley believes that the key to education is helping students to:

Rajim is trying to put together a puzzle.His first attempts were not very successful,so he adopted another strategy instead.Rajim is demonstrating which dimension of executive function?

_____ involves knowing about knowing.

Voletta thinks reflectively and reviews,connects,and reflects as a means of evaluating evidence.This means that she is engaging in:

Megan,8,has a test tomorrow."It's an easy test," she tells her mother."I just have to recognize a bunch of stuff on a chart.I finished studying for it yesterday." Megan is exhibiting her:

Self-control/inhibition,working memory,and flexibility are all dimensions of

Knowledge about memory is known as:

Which of the following is NOT an effective memory strategy?

Which of the following is a strategy for improving children's memory skills?

Ulonda really wants one of the cookies her mom just baked,but decides to wait until after dinner.Ulonda is exhibiting which dimension of executive function?

According to the fuzzy trace theory,the _____ consists of the precise details of the information.

_____ develop(s) more rapidly during early childhood,and _____ develop(s) more rapidly during middle and late childhood.

Byron can take sticks of different lengths and put them all in order from shortest to longest. He can also discern that if stick A is longer than B and B is longer than C, then A is longer than C. This ability to logically combine relations to understand certain conclusions is:

If the word "win" is on a list of words a child is asked to remember,the child might think of the last time he won a pony race with a friend.This is an example of:

Emily has the ability to think about things in novel and unusual ways; this allows her to come up with unique solutions to problems.This ability is called:

"What would you do if you could be invisible for a day?" This is an example of a question that has many possible answers and fosters _____ thinking.

_____ thinking characterizes the kind of thinking that is required on conventional tests of intelligence.

The type of thinking that produces many answers to the same question is called:

At some point during the early elementary school years,children begin to use _____ more and,according to the fuzzy trace theory,this contributes to the improved memory and reasoning of older children.

_ develop(s) more rapidly during early childhood,and _ develop(s) more rapidly during middle and late childhood.