Question 1

Radiation from X-rays can affect the developing embryo and fetus,especially during which weeks of the pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

The developing embryo and fetus are most vulnerable to radiation from X-rays during the first several weeks of pregnancy, specifically from weeks 2 to 8. During this time, the organs and body structures are forming, making them more susceptible to damage from radiation. It is important for pregnant women to inform their healthcare providers of their pregnancy status and for healthcare providers to avoid or limit unnecessary X-ray exposure during this critical period.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about syphilis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Syphilis can be transmitted from a pregnant woman to her fetus through the placenta, and can cause serious harm to the developing fetus, including stillbirth or neonatal death. It can also cause permanent damage to the child's brain, bones, teeth, and eyes. The damage is most severe when the infection occurs early in pregnancy.

Question 3

Fifteen-year-old Paula is told by her physician that she is pregnant and that,as a typical teenage mother,she is at risk for

Accepted Answer

Teenage mothers are at a higher risk for giving birth prematurely, which increases the risks for the baby's health and developmental outcomes.

Question 4

Marijuana use during pregnancy might result in which of the following problems in the newborn?

Accepted Answer

Marijuana use during pregnancy can lead to a higher risk of memory problems, information processing problems, and learning difficulties in the newborn. Therefore, option D, all of these, is the correct choice.

Question 5

Babies born to mothers who used methamphetamines during pregnancy are at higher risk of

Accepted Answer

Babies born to mothers who used methamphetamines during pregnancy are at higher risk of lower frontal lobe activity in the brain, low birth weights and infant mortality, as well as developmental and behavioral problems. Methamphetamine use during pregnancy can have a wide range of negative effects on the developing fetus.

Question 6

If a pregnant woman contracts an active case of _________ close to her delivery date,a cesarean section can be performed to prevent the virus from infecting the newborn.

Accepted Answer

Genital herpes can be passed from a mother to her newborn during delivery, leading to serious complications. A cesarean section can be performed to reduce the risk of transmission. Rubella, syphilis, and chickenpox do not typically require a cesarean section delivery.

Question 7

An environmental hazard to a developing fetus is

Accepted Answer

All of these factors can be environmental hazards to a developing fetus. Radiation exposure can lead to birth defects and developmental delays, while exposure to toxic wastes and chemical pollutants can cause a range of developmental and health issues. It's important for pregnant women to avoid these hazards as much as possible in order to protect their growing babies.

Question 8

Mary is Rh negative and her partner is Rh positive.Mary had her first baby and there were no signs of blood incompatibility.She and her partner can

Accepted Answer

Although the first child showed no signs of blood incompatibility, Mary being Rh negative can cause problems in future pregnancies if the unborn child is Rh positive. Therefore, Mary should take the RhoGAM vaccine to prevent Rh incompatibility problems in future pregnancies. Waiting until the child is 5 years old is not a viable option, and disregarding the doctor's advice is not recommended.

Question 9

The nutritional status of the fetus is determined by the

Accepted Answer

The nutritional status of the fetus is determined by multiple factors, including the mother's total caloric intake, levels of proteins, vitamins, and minerals in the mother's diet. Therefore, option D, "All of these" is the best choice.

Question 10

Lisa is obese.What would we expect in the health of her newborn?

Accepted Answer

Obesity in the mother during pregnancy increases the likelihood of the baby having excessive birth weight, which can lead to complications during birth and potentially long-term health problems for the newborn.

Question 11

The fetus depends completely on the mother for nutrition.This nutrition comes from

Accepted Answer

The fetus receives its nutrition through the placenta, which is connected to the mother's uterine wall and allows for the exchange of nutrients and waste products between the mother's blood and the fetus's blood. The amniotic fluid surrounds and protects the fetus but does not provide nutrition. Monthly nutrition shots are not a common practice and do not provide direct nutrition to the fetus.

Question 12

All of the following women become pregnant at the same time and follow the same basic pattern of prenatal care.Who should be most concerned about having a child with Down syndrome?

Accepted Answer

The risk of having a child with Down syndrome increases with maternal age, especially after age 35. Adrian, who is 45, would have the highest risk among the options provided.

Question 13

Rather than affecting organogenesis,what disease damages organs after they have formed?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Rather than affecting organogenesis,what disease damages organs...

Question 14

When the pregnant woman is Rh negative and her partner is Rh positive,the fetus may be Rh positive.When the fetus is Rh positive and the mother is Rh negative

Accepted Answer

If the fetus is Rh positive and the mother is Rh negative, there is a risk that the mother's immune system will produce antibodies that will attack the fetus's red blood cells, leading to hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) or erythroblastosis fetalis. This can cause severe anemia, jaundice, and even organ damage in the fetus or newborn. Close monitoring and medical interventions, such as Rh immunoglobulin shots, can prevent or mitigate these complications.

Question 15

Two-week-old Curt is irritable,has impaired motor functioning,has an abnormal cry,and appears to be going through withdrawal.Given these symptoms,it is likely that Curt's mother took ___________ while she was pregnant.

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described are consistent with neonatal abstinence syndrome, which occurs when an infant is exposed to certain drugs in utero and then goes through withdrawal after birth. Heroin is a common drug that can lead to neonatal abstinence syndrome. Tranquilizers, cocaine, and amphetamines can also cause withdrawal symptoms in infants, but the specific symptoms described (irritability, impaired motor functioning, abnormal cry) are more commonly associated with opioid withdrawal.

Question 16

What are the familiar blood groups?

Accepted Answer

The familiar blood groups are A, B, O, and AB. X is not a recognized blood group, and Y is the sex-determining chromosome that does not affect blood type. XX is a chromosome pattern associated with females, but it is not a blood group.

Question 17

The Rh factor is said to be ______________ if the Rh marker is present or __________________ if the individual's red blood cells do not carry this marker.

Accepted Answer

The Rh factor is considered positive if the Rh marker is present on an individual's red blood cells, and negative if the marker is absent. Therefore, option D is the correct answer. Options A, B, and C are incorrect because they mix up the characteristics of positive and negative Rh factors.

Question 18

When mothers use heroin during their pregnancies,the young infants are addicted and show withdrawal symptom characteristics such as tremors,irritability,abnormal crying,disturbed sleep,and impaired motor control.The most common treatment for heroin addiction is __________________ and it is associated with very severe withdrawal symptoms in newborns.

Accepted Answer

The most common treatment for heroin addiction is methadone, which is a long-acting opioid medication used to manage withdrawal symptoms and cravings. Methadone maintenance therapy is associated with very severe withdrawal symptoms in newborns, but it is still considered the most effective treatment option for pregnant women with opioid addiction. Counseling and physical therapy may be useful as part of a comprehensive treatment plan, but they alone cannot address the physical dependence on heroin. Marijuana is not a recommended treatment for heroin addiction.

Question 19

A mother can infect her baby with HIV/AIDS

Accepted Answer

A mother can infect her baby with HIV/AIDS during gestation across the placenta, during delivery, and through breast feeding. The virus can be transmitted through the placenta, blood contact during delivery, or through the breast milk, all of which can lead to the baby acquiring the infection. Therefore, all options are correct.

Question 20

The mother of which of the following children most likely had syphilis when she was pregnant?

Accepted Answer

Syphilis can cause congenital syphilis in a fetus, leading to deafness and blindness.

Quiz 3: Prenatal Development and Birth