Question 1

Research on positive psychology has led scientists to identify six virtues that "enable human thriving." One of these is

Accepted Answer

Temperance is one of the six virtues identified in positive psychology. It refers to the ability to moderate one's desires and impulses in order to achieve a balance in life. This involves practicing self-control and overcoming temptations, leading to a sense of discipline and satisfaction. Competitiveness, individualism, and zeal are not among the six virtues identified in positive psychology.

Question 2

The ability to bounce back from an adverse event is known as

Accepted Answer

Resilience refers to the ability to rebound after experiencing setbacks. It involves adapting to difficult situations and developing coping strategies to overcome adversity.

Question 3

Which type of intelligence involves self-awareness and sensitivity to others?

Accepted Answer

Emotional intelligence involves self-awareness and sensitivity to others, including the ability to recognize and regulate one's own emotions, understand the emotions of others, and effectively communicate and empathize with others.

Question 4

Mentally healthy people tend to have

Accepted Answer

Mentally healthy people tend to have a positive self-image and high self-esteem. This has been associated with better coping skills when facing challenges and an overall positive outlook on life. While having a support system is also important, it is not necessarily a defining factor of mental health. Risk factors, such as stress or trauma, may impact mental health negatively. However, having a high percentage of risk factors does not necessarily mean the person is mentally unhealthy. Finally, having a high-paying job may contribute to financial stability, but it does not guarantee mental health.

Question 5

Which of the following is a warning sign or event that often precedes a suicide attempt?

Accepted Answer

Social isolation or withdrawal is a warning sign that often precedes a suicide attempt. People who are contemplating suicide may pull away from social situations and relationships. This behavior often goes beyond temporary feelings of sadness or disinterest and may last for several weeks or longer.

Question 6

Scott, age 24, has withdrawn from most social contact and stopped dressing appropriately.When you speak with him, his conversation tends to make no sense.Of the following options, Scott is most likely to be diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

Scott's symptoms of withdrawing from social contact, inappropriate dressing, and nonsensical conversation are all indicative of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. These symptoms include disruptions in thought, speech, and behavior. Generalized anxiety disorder and specific phobia are unlikely as they do not present with the same symptoms as Scott. Addiction may cause changes in behavior, but typically does not cause the same level of disorganization in speech and thought that is seen in individuals with schizophrenia.

Question 7

The highest level of Maslow's needs hierarchy is characterized by

Accepted Answer

The highest level of Maslow's needs hierarchy is known as self-actualization, which is characterized by a state of transcendence and well-being. This level is focused on personal growth, fulfillment, and the realization of one's full potential, rather than material or basic needs.

Question 8

In the hierarchy of needs pyramid, the order of human needs progresses as follows:

Accepted Answer

According to Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, physiological needs such as food, water, and shelter are the most basic and fundamental needs that must be met before an individual can focus on safety and security needs. Once safety and security needs are met, individuals can focus on building social connections and fulfilling the need for love and belongingness. The need for self-esteem comes next, followed by the highest level of need, which is self-actualization. Therefore, the correct order of human needs in the hierarchy of needs pyramid is physiological needs; safety and security; love and belongingness; self-esteem; and self-actualization. Choice B follows this order correctly.

Question 9

Which of the following is most strongly associated with better mental health?

Accepted Answer

Optimism has been consistently linked to better mental health outcomes, including lower rates of depression and anxiety. Isolation, on the other hand, is a risk factor for poor mental health. Intelligence and self-employment may have some potential benefits for mental health, but they are not as strongly associated as optimism.

Question 10

Which of the following is one of the most important factors in a mentally healthy life?

Accepted Answer

Social support is one of the most important factors in a mentally healthy life. Social support refers to having a network of supportive relationships, such as family and friends, who can offer emotional, practical, and informational support during difficult times. Research has shown that individuals with strong social support are more resilient in the face of stress, have better mental health outcomes, and experience greater overall well-being. Going to a top-10 college, getting married, or having children may contribute to happiness and life satisfaction, but they are not necessarily indicative of mental health.

Question 11

Your brain is not fully developed until you reach your

Accepted Answer

The human brain continues to develop until the mid-20s, particularly in areas involved in impulse control, decision-making, and judgment. This is why young adults may engage in risky behaviors and struggle with making responsible choices until their brain fully develops.

Question 12

Jorge has always been a top student, but lately he doesn't enjoy school and can't concentrate, so his grades are far lower than they could be.With which of the following conditions is Jorge most likely to be diagnosed?

Accepted Answer

Jorge is showing symptoms of loss of interest in previously enjoyable activities and difficulty concentrating, which are both common symptoms of major depressive disorder. Bipolar disorder involves extreme mood swings between highs and lows, which are not mentioned in the scenario. Hypersomnia is excessive sleepiness, which is not mentioned in the scenario. Panic disorder involves sudden and repeated bouts of intense fear, which are not mentioned in the scenario.

Question 13

According to the spring 2011 National College Health Assessment, ____ percent of college students seriously considered suicide in the past year.

Accepted Answer

According to the spring 2011 National College Health Assessment, 6 percent of college students seriously considered suicide in the past year.

Question 14

The basic premise of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory is that people will pursue their highest potential when

Accepted Answer

Maslow's theory states that people have five levels of needs that must be satisfied before they can achieve self-actualization, which is the pursuit of their fullest potential. The basic physiological and safety needs must be met before people can address social, esteem, and self-actualization needs. Therefore, the best choice is D, as it aligns with the foundational belief of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory that a person can only pursue their highest potential when their basic needs are met.

Question 15

A person suffering from depression commonly experiences

Accepted Answer

One of the most common symptoms of depression is fatigue or loss of energy. A person with depression may feel constantly exhausted even after getting adequate rest.

Question 16

Geoff showers four or five times during the course of a day and washes his hands almost every time he touches something.Geoff's behavior most closely resembles symptoms of

Accepted Answer

Geoff's behavior of repeatedly washing and cleaning himself suggests symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder, which is characterized by obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors.

Question 17

Jenna sometimes "shops till she drops," meaning she shops on an exhilarating high until she crashes into a major depressive episode.Jenna's behavior is most common to which disorder?

Accepted Answer

Jenna's behavior of shopping on a high and then crashing into depression is consistent with the symptoms of bipolar disorder, which is characterized by periods of mania (exhilarating highs) and periods of depression. This is different from obsessive-compulsive disorder, which is characterized by persistent, unwanted thoughts and/or repetitive behaviors. While depression is a symptom of bipolar disorder, Jenna's behavior suggests a cycling of highs and lows rather than a persistent low mood, which is more characteristic of depressive disorders. Anxiety is not specifically mentioned as a factor in Jenna's behavior.

Question 18

The approach to psychological research that, instead of studying mental illness, studies such things as happiness, character strengths, and healthy emotions is called

Accepted Answer

Positive psychology is an approach to psychological research that focuses on studying positive aspects of human functioning, such as happiness, creativity, and healthy relationships, rather than focusing solely on mental illness and psychological problems. It is based on the belief that understanding and promoting positive emotions and behaviors can help individuals thrive and lead fulfilling lives.

Question 19

You are demonstrating a sense of self-efficacy when you believe you are

Accepted Answer

Self-efficacy is the belief in one's own ability to handle situations and accomplish goals. Believing that you are in control of your circumstances is a key aspect of self-efficacy. A sense of self-efficacy does not mean always being right or thinking you are more gifted than others, as these beliefs can actually hinder personal growth and development. Similarly, being a "good person" is a subjective concept and not necessarily related to self-efficacy.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about schizophrenia is true?

Accepted Answer

Brain scanning technologies, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET), have revealed structural and functional abnormalities in the brains of people with schizophrenia, including reduced grey matter volume in certain areas of the brain and altered activity in neurotransmitter systems. Option B is incorrect as there is a clear genetic basis for schizophrenia with a concordance rate for monozygotic twins of around 50%. Option C is incorrect as medication, such as antipsychotics, is a common treatment for schizophrenia in addition to behavioral therapies. Option D is incorrect as not all individuals with schizophrenia experience auditory hallucinations (i.e. hearing voices).

Quiz 2: Mental Health and Stress