Question 1

It is theorized that rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis could be the result of antibodies to Group A streptococci that cross-react with patient tissues.

Accepted Answer

Rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis are both caused by a cross-reaction of antibodies to Group A streptococci with patient's tissues, leading to inflammatory responses and tissue damage.

Question 2

All of the following are correct about Streptococcus pyogenes, except:

Accepted Answer

Most strains of Streptococcus pyogenes do have a capsule. Capsules help bacteria avoid phagocytosis by host immune cells.

Question 3

Streptococcus agalactiae is known as Group _____ streptococci.B

Accepted Answer

The answer of Streptococcus agalactiae is known as Group _____...

Question 4

Pneumovax is a vaccine for prevention of disease caused by strains of Neisseria meningitidis.

Accepted Answer

Pneumovax is a vaccine used to prevent disease caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae, not Neisseria meningitidis.

Question 5

Local Staphylococcus aureus infections often involve formation of an abscess.

Accepted Answer

Local Staphylococcus aureus infections, especially skin infections, commonly result in formation of abscesses.

Question 6

The two important hemolysins of Group A streptococci are _____ and _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The two important hemolysins of Group A...

Question 7

If left untreated, an infection with ___ can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility.

Accepted Answer

Infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and infertility if left untreated. PID is a serious infection of the reproductive organs that can cause chronic pain, scarring, and damage to the fallopian tubes, which can lead to infertility. It is important to seek immediate medical attention if you suspect you have a gonorrhea infection.

Question 8

Most strains of Streptococcus pyogenes produce penicillinase.

Accepted Answer

Most strains of Streptococcus pyogenes do not produce penicillinase. This means they can be effectively treated with penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics.

Question 9

Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are fastidious, gram-negative cocci that produce oxidase.

Accepted Answer

Both Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are fastidious, gram-negative cocci that produce oxidase.

Question 10

Streptokinase causes the symptoms of scarlet fever.

Accepted Answer

Streptokinase is a medication used to dissolve blood clots and does not cause the symptoms of scarlet fever, which is caused by a streptococcal infection.

Question 11

Sue brought her daughter Amy to the pediatrician complaining of a sore throat.The physician examines Amy and observes that her throat is bright red and there are white pus-filled nodules on her tonsils.Which of the following conclusions should be made?

Accepted Answer

The white pus-filled nodules on Amy's tonsils suggest that she may have strep throat, which is caused by the bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes. However, a rapid strep test should be performed to confirm the diagnosis before starting antibiotics. This is important because unnecessary antibiotic use can contribute to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Resting at home may be recommended, but a diagnosis should be made first. Waiting two days for a strep test to show up is not necessary as rapid strep tests provide results within minutes. Staphylococcal sore throats are not as common as strep throat and would require a different course of antibiotics.

Question 12

Which of the following antibiotics specifically disrupt protein synthesis of streptococci?

Accepted Answer

Macrolides, such as erythromycin, specifically disrupt protein synthesis by binding to the 50S subunit of the ribosome in streptococci. Beta-lactams and cephalosporins disrupt cell wall synthesis, ansamycin targets DNA synthesis, and aminoglycosides disrupt the proofreading mechanism in protein synthesis.

Question 13

All staphylococci can be differentiated from all streptococci because only staphylococci produce the enzyme _____ that is easily detected in the lab.

Accepted Answer

The answer of All staphylococci can be differentiated from all...

Question 14

List three enzymes and four toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus.For each enzyme and toxin, discuss its effect on patient tissues and how it contributes to virulence of this pathogen.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List three enzymes and four toxins produced...

Question 15

All of the following are correct about Staphylococcus aureus, except:

Accepted Answer

The body's most powerful defense against Staphylococcus aureus lies in the humoral immune response, specifically through the production of antibodies. While T-cells do play a role in fighting the infection, they are not the body's most powerful defense against S. aureus.

Question 16

The viridans group of streptococci and the pneumococcus produce _____ hemolysis on blood agar.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The viridans group of streptococci and the...

Question 17

Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Neisseria tend to stimulate pus production and are collectively referred to as _____ cocci.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Neisseria tend to stimulate...

Question 18

The production of the enzyme _____ by Staphylococcus aureus is a key characteristic used to identify it from other species of Staphylococcus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The production of the enzyme _____ by...

Question 19

Impetigo involves itching papules that break and form a very contagious yellow crust.

Accepted Answer

This statement accurately describes the symptoms of impetigo, which is a highly contagious bacterial skin infection.

Question 20

An individual with asymptomatic N.gonorrhoeae may not spread the disease.

Accepted Answer

Asymptomatic individuals with N.gonorrhoeae can still spread the disease even if they do not experience any symptoms.

Quiz 18: The Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Cocci of Medical Importance