Question 1

What is not a major component of slag?

Accepted Answer

Slag is a byproduct of metal smelting and is primarily composed of oxides like calcium oxide (CaO), silicon dioxide (SiO2), and aluminum oxide (Al2O3). Iron(II) oxide (FeO), as mentioned in option C, is not a major component of slag; it is more commonly associated with the metal itself rather than the slag.

Question 2

To three significant figures,how many metric tons of iron ore are needed to produce 10,000 metric tons of iron per day in the blast furnace process? Assume that the iron ore is iron(III)oxide and that the ore is 70.0% pure.The reaction of interest is Fe₂O₃(s)+ 3 CO(g)→ 2 Fe(l)+ 3 CO₂(g).

Accepted Answer

The answer of To three significant figures,how many metric tons...

Question 3

What is not a primary ingredient used in the production of iron by the blast furnace process?

Accepted Answer

Phosphates and silicates are not primary ingredients used in the production of iron by the blast furnace process. The primary ingredients are coke, iron ore, and limestone.

Question 4

What is the name of the process commonly associated with the isolation and concentration of Al₂O₃ from the ore bauxite (Al₂O₃ ∙ xH₂O)?

Accepted Answer

The bayer process is used for the isolation and concentration of Al₂O₃ from bauxite ore.

Question 5

How is slag separated from molten ore in a blast furnace?

Accepted Answer

Slag is separated from molten ore in a blast furnace based on density differences. Slag is less dense than molten iron, so the slag floats to the top and is skimmed off while the molten iron sinks to the bottom.

Question 6

Why is silicon dioxide added to molten iron in the basic oxygen process?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why is silicon dioxide added to molten...

Question 7

Zinc occurs in sulfide ores.How many liters of SO₂(g)are produced at STP for each kilogram of roasted ore that is 70% zinc sulfide?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Zinc occurs in sulfide ores.How many liters...

Question 8

Which element is likely to be a principal impurity in zinc ore?

Accepted Answer

Cadmium is chemically similar to zinc and often occurs with it in zinc ores as a principal impurity.

Question 9

Steel is a mixture composed primarily of ________.

Accepted Answer

Steel is primarily composed of iron and carbon, with a carbon content between 0.02% and 2.1% by weight. This mixture gives steel its unique properties, such as its strength, durability, and versatility. Copper, silicon, and sulfur may be present in small amounts, but they are not the primary components of steel.

Question 10

When zinc sulfide undergoes roasting,the products are

Accepted Answer

Roasting zinc sulfide primarily produces zinc oxide (ZnO) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). This process involves heating the zinc sulfide in the presence of oxygen, leading to the oxidation of zinc and sulfur.

Question 11

Why is CaCO₃ added to a blast furnace in the steel making process?

Accepted Answer

CaCO3 is added to a blast furnace as a flux to remove impurities such as silicates and phosphates from the iron ore by forming slag.

Question 12

What is not an appropriate method of isolating the metals shown?

Accepted Answer

The correct method for isolating metals typically involves reducing the metal compound to its elemental form. Options A, B, and C correctly describe reduction processes where the metal is isolated in its elemental form (gaseous or solid). However, option D incorrectly suggests a reaction where aluminum is used to reduce chromium(III) oxide to chromium metal, but the reaction product incorrectly shows chromium still in a compound form (Cr_2O_3) and aluminum in liquid form, which does not align with the intended isolation of chromium metal.

Question 13

How does one commercially reduce the metal oxides or chlorides of sodium and magnesium?

Accepted Answer

Electrolysis of the molten salts is the most common and economically viable method for reducing metal oxides or chlorides of sodium and magnesium in the industry. The process involves the use of a large amount of electrical energy to melt the salt, and then a voltage is applied to the anode in order to break down the metal ions and release them as a pure metal. High-temperature reduction with aluminum or carbon is also used, but it is less efficient and less commonly used compared to electrolysis. Roasting, on the other hand, is a process used to remove impurities from ores and not for reducing metal oxides or chlorides.

Question 14

What is the chemical process most likely to be used to purify nickel metal?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the chemical process most likely...

Question 15

In the reaction shown below calcium phosphate slag is formed from a reaction of calcium oxide with phosphoric anhydride. 6 CaO(s)+ P₄O₁₀(l)→ 2 Ca₃(PO₄)₂(l) CaO is a(n)________ oxide,and P₄O₁₀is a(n)________ oxide.

Accepted Answer

Calcium oxide (CaO) is a basic oxide because it reacts with water to form a basic solution (calcium hydroxide). 
Phosphoric anhydride (P4O10) is an acidic oxide because it reacts with water to form a solution of phosphoric acid, which is an acid. Therefore, the correct answer would be C.

Question 16

What terminology best describes the bonding in the following schematic of a metal?

Accepted Answer

The electron-sea model is the most appropriate description for the bonding in a metal, in which the valence electrons of metal atoms create a "sea" of mobile electrons that can move freely throughout the metal lattice, interacting with all of the metal cations. This model explains many of the key properties of metals, including high electrical and thermal conductivity, malleability, and ductility. The other options (ionic bonding, covalent bonding, and crystal model) do not fully capture the nature of the bonding in a metal.

Question 17

What conditions favor the decomposition of Ni(CO)₄ into Ni and CO after equilibrium is established in the reaction Ni(s)+ 4 CO(g)⇌ Ni(CO)₄(g)that has both ΔH and ΔS being negative?

Accepted Answer

According to Le Chatelier's principle, increasing the temperature favors an endothermic reaction. Since the reaction is exothermic (ΔH is negative), increasing the temperature will shift the equilibrium to the left, promoting the decomposition of Ni(CO)₄ into Ni and CO. Therefore, choice C is the best option. Choices A, B, and D would all favor the forward reaction, which is the opposite of what is desired for the decomposition of Ni(CO)₄.

Question 18

Which of the following metals is not commonly obtained by electrolysis?

Accepted Answer

Zinc is commonly obtained by roasting its sulfide ore or by smelting its oxide ore with carbon. It is not usually obtained by electrolysis. On the other hand, aluminum, lithium, and sodium are commonly obtained by electrolysis.

Question 19

What is the chemical process most likely to be used to purify zirconium metal?

Accepted Answer

Zirconium metal is typically purified through the Van Arkel–de Boer process, which involves the reaction of zirconium with iodine to form volatile zirconium tetraiodide. This compound is then decomposed to produce pure zirconium metal, making option D the correct choice.

Question 20

The chemical process of roasting is commonly used to facilitate the reduction of which metal ores?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The chemical process of roasting is commonly...

Quiz 21: Metals and Solid-State Materials

What is not a major component of slag?

What is not a primary ingredient used in the production of iron by the blast furnace process?

What is the name of the process commonly associated with the isolation and concentration of Al₂O₃ from the ore bauxite (Al₂O₃ ∙ xH₂O) ?

How is slag separated from molten ore in a blast furnace?

Why is silicon dioxide added to molten iron in the basic oxygen process?

Zinc occurs in sulfide ores.How many liters of SO₂(g) are produced at STP for each kilogram of roasted ore that is 70% zinc sulfide?

Which element is likely to be a principal impurity in zinc ore?

Steel is a mixture composed primarily of ________.

When zinc sulfide undergoes roasting,the products are

Why is CaCO₃ added to a blast furnace in the steel making process?

What is not an appropriate method of isolating the metals shown?

How does one commercially reduce the metal oxides or chlorides of sodium and magnesium?

What is the chemical process most likely to be used to purify nickel metal?

In the reaction shown below calcium phosphate slag is formed from a reaction of calcium oxide with phosphoric anhydride. 6 CaO(s) + P₄O₁₀(l) → 2 Ca₃(PO₄) ₂(l) CaO is a(n) oxide,and P₄O₁₀is a(n) oxide.

What terminology best describes the bonding in the following schematic of a metal?

What conditions favor the decomposition of Ni(CO) ₄ into Ni and CO after equilibrium is established in the reaction Ni(s) + 4 CO(g) ⇌ Ni(CO) ₄(g) that has both ΔH and ΔS being negative?

Which of the following metals is not commonly obtained by electrolysis?

What is the chemical process most likely to be used to purify zirconium metal?

The chemical process of roasting is commonly used to facilitate the reduction of which metal ores?

Quiz 21: Metals and Solid-State Materials

What is not a major component of slag?

To three significant figures,how many metric tons of iron ore are needed to produce 10,000 metric tons of iron per day in the blast furnace process? Assume that the iron ore is iron(III) oxide and that the ore is 70.0% pure.The reaction of interest is Fe2O3(s) + 3 CO(g) → 2 Fe(l) + 3 CO2(g) .

What is not a primary ingredient used in the production of iron by the blast furnace process?

What is the name of the process commonly associated with the isolation and concentration of Al2O3 from the ore bauxite (Al2O3 ∙ xH2O) ?

How is slag separated from molten ore in a blast furnace?

Why is silicon dioxide added to molten iron in the basic oxygen process?

Zinc occurs in sulfide ores.How many liters of SO2(g) are produced at STP for each kilogram of roasted ore that is 70% zinc sulfide?

Which element is likely to be a principal impurity in zinc ore?

Steel is a mixture composed primarily of ________.

When zinc sulfide undergoes roasting,the products are

Why is CaCO3 added to a blast furnace in the steel making process?

What is not an appropriate method of isolating the metals shown?

How does one commercially reduce the metal oxides or chlorides of sodium and magnesium?

What is the chemical process most likely to be used to purify nickel metal?

In the reaction shown below calcium phosphate slag is formed from a reaction of calcium oxide with phosphoric anhydride. 6 CaO(s) + P4O10(l) → 2 Ca3(PO4) 2(l) CaO is a(n) ________ oxide,and P4O10 is a(n) ________ oxide.

What terminology best describes the bonding in the following schematic of a metal?

What conditions favor the decomposition of Ni(CO) 4 into Ni and CO after equilibrium is established in the reaction Ni(s) + 4 CO(g) ⇌ Ni(CO) 4(g) that has both ΔH and ΔS being negative?

Which of the following metals is not commonly obtained by electrolysis?

What is the chemical process most likely to be used to purify zirconium metal?

The chemical process of roasting is commonly used to facilitate the reduction of which metal ores?

What is the name of the process commonly associated with the isolation and concentration of Al₂O₃ from the ore bauxite (Al₂O₃ ∙ xH₂O) ?

Zinc occurs in sulfide ores.How many liters of SO₂(g) are produced at STP for each kilogram of roasted ore that is 70% zinc sulfide?

Why is CaCO₃ added to a blast furnace in the steel making process?

In the reaction shown below calcium phosphate slag is formed from a reaction of calcium oxide with phosphoric anhydride. 6 CaO(s) + P₄O₁₀(l) → 2 Ca₃(PO₄) ₂(l) CaO is a(n) oxide,and P₄O₁₀is a(n) oxide.

What conditions favor the decomposition of Ni(CO) ₄ into Ni and CO after equilibrium is established in the reaction Ni(s) + 4 CO(g) ⇌ Ni(CO) ₄(g) that has both ΔH and ΔS being negative?