Question 1

A solution with a pH of 9 has ____ times fewer hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 6.

Accepted Answer

The pH scale is logarithmic, meaning each whole pH value below 7 is ten times more acidic (or has ten times more hydrogen ions) than the next higher value. Therefore, a solution with a pH of 6 has 1,000 (10^3) times more hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 9.

Question 2

Classification. The following are important terms relating to water's special properties. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate word.
-A liquid that dissolves other substances

Accepted Answer

A solvent is a liquid that dissolves other substances.

Question 3

¹⁴C is a radioactive isotope,and it turns into ____________________ when it decays.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ¹⁴C is a radioactive isotope,and it turns...

Question 4

Classification. The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate bond type.
-The bond that breaks when salts dissolve in water

Accepted Answer

Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in the formation of cations and anions that are attracted to each other due to their opposite charges. When ionic compounds dissolve in water, the water molecules surround the ions and cause the ionic bond to break. This allows the individual ions to be free and mobile in the solution, leading to the ability of salts to conduct electricity in water.

Question 5

The ability of a solution to resist changes in pH depends on its ____________________ capacity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ability of a solution to resist...

Question 6

Blood pH is kept near a value of 7.3-7.5 because of ____.

Accepted Answer

Buffers are chemicals that help to maintain a stable pH by absorbing excess H+ or OH- ions. In the case of blood, the bicarbonate buffer system helps to regulate the pH and prevent acidosis or alkalosis. Salts, acids, and bases can all affect pH, but they do not play as significant a role as buffers in maintaining the pH of blood. Water is involved in many physiological processes, but it does not directly contribute to the maintenance of blood pH.

Question 7

Classification. The various energy levels in an atom of magnesium (S1U1P124S1S1P0Mg) have different numbers of electrons. Use the numbers below to answer the following questions.
-The number of electrons in the second energy level

Accepted Answer

The notation ²⁴Mg seems to be a misinterpretation of the electronic configuration. For magnesium (Mg), the correct electronic configuration is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s², indicating that the second energy level (which includes both the 2s and 2p orbitals) has a total of 8 electrons (2 in the 2s orbital and 6 in the 2p orbital).

Question 8

Classification. The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate bond type. -The bond between the oxygen atoms of oxygen gas (O₂)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification. The following are types of chemical...

Question 9

Classification. The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate bond type.
-The bond between the atoms of table salt (NaCl)

Accepted Answer

The bond between the atoms of table salt (NaCl) is an ionic bond, which involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, leading to the formation of a positively charged cation (in this case, Na+) and a negatively charged anion (Cl-).

Question 10

Classification. The following are important terms relating to water's special properties. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate word.
-Property of NaCl that enables it to dissolve in water

Accepted Answer

NaCl (table salt) dissolves in water because it is hydrophilic, meaning it has an affinity for water and can interact well with water molecules, allowing it to dissolve.

Question 11

Classification. The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate bond type.
-A bond in which connected atoms unequally share electrons

Accepted Answer

In polar covalent bonds, the connected atoms share electrons unequally, with one atom having a slightly greater electronegativity than the other. This creates partial charges on the atoms involved in the bond. Hydrogen bonds are not a type of chemical bond, but rather a type of intermolecular force. Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons. Double bonds refer to a type of covalent bond in which two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms.

Question 12

Tracers allow scientists to track a molecule through a biochemical process by replacing an atom in that molecule with its _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Tracers allow scientists to track a molecule...

Question 13

The sharing of two pairs of electrons between two atoms is called a(n)____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The sharing of two pairs of electrons...

Question 14

The predictable rate of ____________________ allows scientists to estimate the age of a rock or fossil by examining its isotope content.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The predictable rate of ____________________ allows scientists...

Question 15

Classification. The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate bond type.
-The bond type holding several molecules of water together

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds are responsible for holding several molecules of water together, as they form between the slightly positive hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the slightly negative oxygen atom of another water molecule.

Question 16

Classification. The various energy levels in an atom of magnesium (S1U1P124S1S1P0Mg) have different numbers of electrons. Use the numbers below to answer the following questions.
-The number of electrons in the third energy level

Accepted Answer

The notation ²⁴Mg seems to be a misinterpretation or typo. However, for magnesium (Mg), which has an atomic number of 12, the electron configuration is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s². This means there are 2 electrons in the third energy level (3s²).

Question 17

Classification. The various energy levels in an atom of magnesium (S1U1P124S1S1P0Mg) have different numbers of electrons. Use the numbers below to answer the following questions.
-The number of electrons in the first energy level

Accepted Answer

The first energy level of an atom can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, and since magnesium is a larger atom, its first energy level is fully occupied with 2 electrons.

Question 18

Classification. The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate bond type.
-A bond in which connected atoms share electrons

Accepted Answer

Covalent bonds involve sharing of electrons between atoms.

Question 19

Classification. The following are important terms relating to water's special properties. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate word.
-A compound that releases ions when dissolved in water

Accepted Answer

A compound that releases ions when dissolved in water is called a salt.

Answer: D
 A solute is a substance that is dissolved in a solvent to form a solution.

Answer: E
 A solvent is a substance that dissolves a solute to form a solution.

Answer: A
 Hydrophobic substances are afraid of water and do not mix with it.

Answer: B
 Hydrophilic substances are attracted to water and can easily dissolve in it.

Question 20

Classification. The following are important terms relating to water's special properties. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate word.
-NaCl becomes this in solution

Accepted Answer

In a solution, the substance that gets dissolved is called the solute. NaCl (sodium chloride) becomes the solute when it dissolves in water.

Answer: E
 The substance that dissolves the solute in a solution is called a solvent. In the case of NaCl dissolving in water, water is the solvent.

Answer: C
 NaCl is a type of salt and is denoted by the chemical formula NaCl.

Answer: B
 Hydrophilic substances are attracted to water molecules and readily dissolve in water. NaCl is a hydrophilic substance.

Answer: A
 Hydrophobic substances do not mix well with water and tend to repel water molecules. NaCl is not a hydrophobic substance.

Quiz 2: Life's Chemical Bases

A solution with a pH of 9 has ____ times fewer hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 6.

Classification. The following are important terms relating to water's special properties. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate word. -A liquid that dissolves other substances

¹⁴C is a radioactive isotope,and it turns into ____________________ when it decays.

Classification. The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate bond type. -The bond that breaks when salts dissolve in water

The ability of a solution to resist changes in pH depends on its ____________________ capacity.

Blood pH is kept near a value of 7.3-7.5 because of ____.

Classification. The various energy levels in an atom of magnesium (²⁴Mg) have different numbers of electrons. Use the numbers below to answer the following questions. -The number of electrons in the second energy level

Classification. The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate bond type. -The bond between the oxygen atoms of oxygen gas (O₂)

Classification. The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate bond type. -The bond between the atoms of table salt (NaCl)

Classification. The following are important terms relating to water's special properties. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate word. -Property of NaCl that enables it to dissolve in water

Classification. The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate bond type. -A bond in which connected atoms unequally share electrons

Tracers allow scientists to track a molecule through a biochemical process by replacing an atom in that molecule with its _________.

The sharing of two pairs of electrons between two atoms is called a(n)____________________.

The predictable rate of ____________________ allows scientists to estimate the age of a rock or fossil by examining its isotope content.

Classification. The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate bond type. -The bond type holding several molecules of water together

Classification. The various energy levels in an atom of magnesium (²⁴Mg) have different numbers of electrons. Use the numbers below to answer the following questions. -The number of electrons in the third energy level

Classification. The various energy levels in an atom of magnesium (²⁴Mg) have different numbers of electrons. Use the numbers below to answer the following questions. -The number of electrons in the first energy level

Classification. The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate bond type. -A bond in which connected atoms share electrons

Classification. The following are important terms relating to water's special properties. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate word. -A compound that releases ions when dissolved in water

Classification. The following are important terms relating to water's special properties. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate word. -NaCl becomes this in solution

Quiz 2: Life's Chemical Bases

A solution with a pH of 9 has ____ times fewer hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 6.

Classification. The following are important terms relating to water's special properties. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate word. -A liquid that dissolves other substances

14C is a radioactive isotope,and it turns into ____________________ when it decays.

Classification. The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate bond type. -The bond that breaks when salts dissolve in water

The ability of a solution to resist changes in pH depends on its ____________________ capacity.

Blood pH is kept near a value of 7.3-7.5 because of ____.

Classification. The various energy levels in an atom of magnesium (24Mg) have different numbers of electrons. Use the numbers below to answer the following questions. -The number of electrons in the second energy level

Classification. The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate bond type. -The bond between the oxygen atoms of oxygen gas (O2)

Classification. The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate bond type. -The bond between the atoms of table salt (NaCl)

Classification. The following are important terms relating to water's special properties. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate word. -Property of NaCl that enables it to dissolve in water

Classification. The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate bond type. -A bond in which connected atoms unequally share electrons

Tracers allow scientists to track a molecule through a biochemical process by replacing an atom in that molecule with its _________.

The sharing of two pairs of electrons between two atoms is called a(n)____________________.

The predictable rate of ____________________ allows scientists to estimate the age of a rock or fossil by examining its isotope content.

Classification. The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate bond type. -The bond type holding several molecules of water together

Classification. The various energy levels in an atom of magnesium (24Mg) have different numbers of electrons. Use the numbers below to answer the following questions. -The number of electrons in the third energy level

Classification. The various energy levels in an atom of magnesium (24Mg) have different numbers of electrons. Use the numbers below to answer the following questions. -The number of electrons in the first energy level

Classification. The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate bond type. -A bond in which connected atoms share electrons

Classification. The following are important terms relating to water's special properties. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate word. -A compound that releases ions when dissolved in water

Classification. The following are important terms relating to water's special properties. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate word. -NaCl becomes this in solution

¹⁴C is a radioactive isotope,and it turns into ____________________ when it decays.

Classification. The various energy levels in an atom of magnesium (²⁴Mg) have different numbers of electrons. Use the numbers below to answer the following questions. -The number of electrons in the second energy level

Classification. The following are types of chemical bonds. Answer the questions below by matching the descriptions with the most appropriate bond type. -The bond between the oxygen atoms of oxygen gas (O₂)

Classification. The various energy levels in an atom of magnesium (²⁴Mg) have different numbers of electrons. Use the numbers below to answer the following questions. -The number of electrons in the third energy level

Classification. The various energy levels in an atom of magnesium (²⁴Mg) have different numbers of electrons. Use the numbers below to answer the following questions. -The number of electrons in the first energy level