Question 1

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
-Avery and McCarty

Accepted Answer

The answer of Choose the one most appropriate answer for...

Question 2

Semiconservative replication is so-called because one strand of each new DNA molecule is ____________________,while the other is ______________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Semiconservative replication is so-called because one strand...

Question 3

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
-Watson and Crick

Accepted Answer

Watson and Crick were the first to build an accurate model of DNA and to describe it explicitly in a publication.

Answer: H
 The excellent x-ray diffraction photographs obtained by Franklin suggested that DNA was a long, thin molecule with regularly repeating units.

Answer: F
 Watson and Crick provided two important clues to the structure of DNA; one clue is that A = T and the other is that C = G.

Answer: G
 Both Watson and Crick worked at King's College at the same time as Franklin.

The other answer choices are not correct:
A) This discovery was made by Griffith.
B) DNA was first described by Friedrich Miescher and first extracted by Phoebus Levene.
C) This discovery was made by Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty.
E) Hershey and Chase were the first to demonstrate this through their experiments with bacteriophages.

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true regarding cloning techniques?

Accepted Answer

Somatic cell nuclear transfer involves transferring a somatic cell nucleus to an egg cell, resulting in offspring that are genetically identical to their parent. Embryo splitting also results in genetically identical offspring, but not to the same extent as somatic cell nuclear transfer. Reproductive cloning can involve the transfer of a nucleus from a body cell to an egg cell, but it is not always necessary. The size and behavior of early clones, such as Dolly, were not significantly different from normal animals. Clones can be made from cells of both living and deceased animals.

Question 5

Experiments with bacteria and ____________________ offered solid evidence that deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA),not protein,is the hereditary material.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Experiments with bacteria and ____________________ offered solid...

Question 6

A free nucleotide has a five-carbon sugar (deoxyribose),____________________ phosphate group(s),and ____________ of four nitrogen-containing bases.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A free nucleotide has a five-carbon sugar...

Question 7

Which of the following statements is not one of the four properties expected of a genetic material?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is not...

Question 8

Classification. Answer the following questions in reference to the five nucleotides listed below.
-This nucleotide is a double-ring molecule.

Accepted Answer

The only nucleotides that are double-ring molecules are purines, which include guanine and adenine. Cytosine, thymine, and uracil are all pyrimidines, which are single-ring molecules. Therefore, the best choices for a double-ring molecule are guanine and thymine.

Question 9

Classification. Answer the following questions in reference to the five nucleotides listed below.
-If one chain of a DNA molecule has a purine at a given position,this nucleotide complements it on the other chain.

Accepted Answer

In DNA, purines (adenine and guanine) pair with pyrimidines (cytosine and thymine). If one chain has a purine, the complementary nucleotide on the other chain is a pyrimidine.

Question 10

In somatic cell nuclear transfer,a somatic cell is injected into an ________ egg,thus providing a ________ nucleus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In somatic cell nuclear transfer,a somatic cell...

Question 11

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
-Chargaff

Accepted Answer

Chargaff discovered that in DNA, the amount of adenine (A) equals the amount of thymine (T) and the amount of cytosine (C) equals the amount of guanine (G), providing the important clue that the base pairs must be complementary.

Answer: C
 Chargaff discovered that DNA-digesting enzymes prevented bacterial transformation, which eventually led to the understanding that DNA was the genetic material responsible for bacterial transformation.

Answer: E
 Chargaff was the first to demonstrate, through the use of radioactive isotopes, that DNA, not protein, is the genetic material.

Answer: B
 Although Chargaff made significant contributions to the understanding of DNA structure and function, he was not the first to describe DNA or extract it from cell nuclei. This honor belongs to Friedrich Miescher, who isolated a substance he called nuclein from the nuclei of white blood cells in the late 1800s.

Therefore, the best choices are F, C, E or B.

Question 12

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
-Miescher

Accepted Answer

Miescher is credited with being the first to describe DNA and extract it from cell nuclei.

Answer: C
 Miescher discovered that DNA-digesting enzymes prevented bacterial transformation.

Answer: F
 Miescher provided two important clues to the structure of DNA; one clue is that A = T and the other is that C = G.

Answer: G
 Miescher did not work at King's College at the same time as Franklin. This is likely a reference to Maurice Wilkins, who worked at King's College at the same time as Rosalind Franklin.

Answer: H
 Miescher did not obtain excellent x-ray diffraction photographs that suggested that DNA was a long, thin molecule with regularly repeating units. This is a reference to the work of Rosalind Franklin.

Question 13

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
-Griffith

Accepted Answer

Griffith discovered that the hereditary system of one strain of bacteria could be transformed by the hereditary system from another strain of bacteria.

Answer: C
 Griffith discovered that DNA-digesting enzymes prevented bacterial transformation.

Answer: F
 Griffith provided two important clues to the structure of DNA; one clue is that A = T and the other is that C = G.

Answer: G
 Griffith worked at King's College at the same time as Franklin.

Answer: H
 Griffith obtained excellent x-ray diffraction photographs that suggested that DNA was a long, thin molecule with regularly repeating units.

Question 14

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
-Wilkins

Accepted Answer

Wilkins worked at King's College, London, at the same time as Rosalind Franklin, where they both contributed to the understanding of DNA structure through X-ray diffraction.

Question 15

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
-Hershey and Chase

Accepted Answer

Hershey and Chase conducted the famous experiment using radioactive isotopes to show that DNA, not protein, is the genetic material.

Answer: C
 Hershey and Chase also demonstrated that DNA-digesting enzymes prevented bacterial transformation, providing further evidence that DNA was the hereditary material.

Answer: G
 Rosalind Franklin worked at King's College at the same time as Hershey and Chase, but is not mentioned in this particular context.

Answer: B, D, F, H
 None of these answer choices relate specifically to Hershey and Chase. B refers to the work of Friedrich Miescher, D refers to the work of Watson and Crick, F refers to Chargaff's rules, and H refers to the work of Rosalind Franklin.

Question 16

Classification. Answer the following questions in reference to the five nucleotides listed below.
-This nucleotide is not incorporated into the structure of the DNA helix.

Accepted Answer

Uracil is not incorporated into the structure of DNA helix, but only in RNA. The other nucleotides listed (A, C, G, T) are all part of DNA. The term "pyrimidine" refers to a class of nucleotides that includes both cytosine and thymine, so it is not the best choice for this question.

Question 17

A bacterium,containing one circular DNA chromosome,undergoes four rounds of replication.How many new strands of DNA would result?

Accepted Answer

Each round of replication doubles the number of DNA strands. Starting with 2 strands (since the DNA is double-stranded), after 4 rounds of replication, you have 2^(4+1) = 32 strands in total. However, since the question asks for new strands, we subtract the original 2 strands, resulting in 30 new strands. However, given the options provided, it seems there might be a misunderstanding in the interpretation of the question or a mistake in the options or explanation. The correct approach to calculate the number of new strands after four rounds of replication, considering each round doubles the number of strands, would typically involve calculating the total strands produced and subtracting the original strands. However, none of the provided options correctly matches this explanation, suggesting a possible error in the question interpretation or in the provided options.

Question 18

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
-Franklin

Accepted Answer

Franklin obtained excellent x-ray diffraction photographs that suggested that DNA was a long, thin molecule with regularly repeating units.

Answer: G
 Franklin worked at King's College at the same time as the person described in the statement.

Answer: B
 Franklin was not the first to describe DNA and extract it from cell nuclei, that distinction belongs to Friedrich Miescher.

Answer: C
 The DNA-digesting enzymes discovery belongs to Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty.

Answer: D
 The first to build an accurate model of DNA and to describe it explicitly in a publication was James Watson and Francis Crick.

Answer: E
 The demonstration that DNA, not protein, is the genetic material belongs to Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase.

Answer: F
 Chargaff's rules, which state that A = T and C = G, are attributed to Erwin Chargaff.

Question 19

Classification. Answer the following questions in reference to the five nucleotides listed below.
-Erwin Chargaff's data indicates that within a species,the amount of adenine is always equal to the amount of this nucleotide.

Accepted Answer

Erwin Chargaff's data indicates that within a species, the amount of adenine is always equal to the amount of thymine. Therefore, the best choice is D, Thymine. The other options are not related to Chargaff's data.

Question 20

Classification. Answer the following questions in reference to the five nucleotides listed below.
-Three hydrogen bonds connect guanine to __________ in the DNA molecule.

Accepted Answer

Three hydrogen bonds connect guanine to cytosine in the DNA molecule.

Quiz 8: DNA Structure and Function

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. -Avery and McCarty

Semiconservative replication is so-called because one strand of each new DNA molecule is ,while the other is __.

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. -Watson and Crick

Which of the following statements is true regarding cloning techniques?

Experiments with bacteria and ____________________ offered solid evidence that deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA),not protein,is the hereditary material.

A free nucleotide has a five-carbon sugar (deoxyribose),________ phosphate group(s),and of four nitrogen-containing bases.

Which of the following statements is not one of the four properties expected of a genetic material?

Classification. Answer the following questions in reference to the five nucleotides listed below. -This nucleotide is a double-ring molecule.

Classification. Answer the following questions in reference to the five nucleotides listed below. -If one chain of a DNA molecule has a purine at a given position,this nucleotide complements it on the other chain.

In somatic cell nuclear transfer,a somatic cell is injected into an egg,thus providing a nucleus.

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. -Chargaff

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. -Miescher

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. -Griffith

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. -Wilkins

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. -Hershey and Chase

Classification. Answer the following questions in reference to the five nucleotides listed below. -This nucleotide is not incorporated into the structure of the DNA helix.

A bacterium,containing one circular DNA chromosome,undergoes four rounds of replication.How many new strands of DNA would result?

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. -Franklin

Classification. Answer the following questions in reference to the five nucleotides listed below. -Erwin Chargaff's data indicates that within a species,the amount of adenine is always equal to the amount of this nucleotide.

Classification. Answer the following questions in reference to the five nucleotides listed below. -Three hydrogen bonds connect guanine to __________ in the DNA molecule.