Question 1

Choose the aqueous solution that has the highest boiling point.These are all solutions of nonvolatile solutes and you should assume ideal van't Hoff factors where applicable.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Choose the aqueous solution that has the...

Question 2

A mixture of pentane and hexane has a vapour pressure of 241 Torr.Calculate the mole fraction of pentane in the mixture.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A mixture of pentane and hexane has...

Question 3

Four times as much pentane (C₅H₁₂)by mass is mixed with hexane (C₆H₁₄).Calculate the vapour pressure of the resulting solution.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Four times as much pentane (C₅H₁₂)by mass...

Question 4

A mixture of chloroform and acetone has a vapour pressure of 311 Torr.Calculate the mole fraction of acetone in the mixture.The vapour pressures of chloroform and acetone are 295 Torr and 332 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A mixture of chloroform and acetone has...

Question 5

Choose the aqueous solution that has the highest boiling point.These are all solutions of nonvolatile solutes and you should assume ideal van't Hoff factors where applicable.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Choose the aqueous solution that has the...

Question 6

Choose the aqueous solution with the lowest vapour pressure.These are all solutions of nonvolatile solutes and you should assume ideal van't Hoff factors where applicable.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Choose the aqueous solution with the lowest...

Question 7

Equal masses,5.00 g,of pentane (C₅H₁₂)and hexane (C₆H₁₄)are mixed.Calculate the vapour pressure of the resulting solution.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Equal masses,5.00 g,of pentane (C₅H₁₂)and hexane (C₆H₁₄)are...

Question 8

A solution of methanol and water has a vapour pressure of 213 Torr.What would you predict as the mole fractions of each component,assuming ideal behaviour? The vapour pressures of methanol and water are 256 Torr and 55.3 Torr,respectively.

Accepted Answer

Using Raoult's Law, the total vapor pressure is the sum of the partial pressures of each component. Solving the equations $P_{\text{total}} = \chi_{\text{methanol}} \cdot P_{\text{methanol}} + \chi_{\text{water}} \cdot P_{\text{water}}$ with given values, we find the mole fractions as $\chi_{\text{methanol}} = 0.786$ and $\chi_{\text{water}} = 0.214$.

Question 9

Pentane (C₅H₁₂)is mixed with 75.8 g hexane (C₆H₁₄).Calculate the vapour pressure of the resulting solution.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.The total solution mass is 206.6 g.Assume ideal behaviour.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Pentane (C₅H₁₂)is mixed with 75.8 g hexane...

Question 10

A solution of methanol and water has a vapour pressure of 248 Torr.What would you predict as the mole fractions of each component,assuming ideal behaviour? The vapour pressures of methanol and water are 256 Torr and 55.3 Torr,respectively.

Accepted Answer

We can use Raoult's law to calculate the mole fractions of each component.

For methanol: 
P_methanol = X_methanol * P^o_methanol 
X_methanol = P_methanol/P^o_methanol 
X_methanol = 248/256 = 0.9688

For water: 
P_water = X_water * P^o_water 
X_water = P_water/P^o_water 
X_water = 248/55.3 = 4.477

Now we need to normalize these mole fractions:

X_total = X_methanol + X_water 
X_total = 0.9688 + 4.477 = 5.4468

X_methanol(normalized) = X_methanol/X_total 
X_methanol(normalized) = 0.9688/5.4468 = 0.1779

X_water(normalized) = X_water/X_total 
X_water(normalized) = 4.477/5.4468 = 0.8221

Therefore, the mole fractions are: 
X_methanol = 0.1779 
X_water = 0.8221

The answer closest to this result is C: $\chi \text { methanol }$ = 0.960,$\chi \text { water }$ = 0.040.

Question 11

A nonelectrolyte compound with a molar mass of 862 g mol^-1 was dissolved in enough water to make 100 mL of solution at 25 °C and produced an osmotic pressure of 38.4 mbar.Calculate the mass of the compound,in mg,used to make this solution.

Accepted Answer

First, we need to use the van't Hoff equation:

Π = iMRT

Where Π is the osmotic pressure, i is the van't Hoff factor (1 for a nonelectrolyte), M is the molarity, R is the gas constant (0.08206 L · atm · K−1 · mol−1), and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

We can solve for M:

M = Π / iRT

M = (38.4 mbar) / (1 × 0.08206 L · atm · K−1 · mol−1 × 298 K)

M = 1.59 × 10−3 mol · L−1

Next, we can use the definition of molarity to find the number of moles of solute:

M = n / V

n = MV

n = (1.59 × 10−3 mol·L−1)(0.1 L)

n = 1.59 × 10−4 mol

Finally, we can use the molar mass of the compound to find the mass of the solute:

mass = n × Molar Mass

mass = (1.59 × 10−4 mol) × (862 g·mol−1)

mass = 0.137 g

We want the mass in mg, so we can convert:

mass = 137 mg

Therefore, the answer is choice C, 134 mg (the closest answer).

Question 12

Calculate the total solution volume required to produce an osmotic pressure of 4.87 mbar using 8.21 mg of a protein with a molar mass of 4450 g mol^-1 at 25.0 °C.

Accepted Answer

First, calculate the number of moles of protein:
moles of protein = (8.21 mg / 4450 g/mol) = 1.84 × 10^-6 mol

Next, use the formula for osmotic pressure to solve for the volume of solution:
π = MRT
where π is osmotic pressure, M is molarity, R is the gas constant (0.0821 L atm mol^-1 K^-1), and T is temperature in Kelvin.

Rearranging the formula to solve for volume (in liters):
V = (π / MRT)

Substituting the given values:
V = (4.87 × 10^-6 atm) / [(1.84 × 10^-6 mol/L) × (0.0821 L atm mol^-1 K^-1) × (298 K)] = 9.39 mL

Therefore, the answer is D) 9.39 mL.

Question 13

Choose the aqueous solution with the highest vapour pressure.These are all solutions of nonvolatile solutes and you should assume ideal van't Hoff factors where applicable.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Choose the aqueous solution with the highest...

Question 14

A small amount,6.78 g,of pentane (C₅H₁₂)is mixed with 100.00 g hexane (C₆H₁₄).Calculate the vapour pressure of the resulting solution.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A small amount,6.78 g,of pentane (C₅H₁₂)is mixed...

Question 15

Identify the solute with the highest van't Hoff factor.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the solute with the highest van't...

Question 16

Calculate the solution temperature required to produce an osmotic pressure of 1.10 mbar using 3.85 mg of a protein with a molar mass of 4183 g mol^-1 that is dissolved in enough water to create 20.0 mL of solution.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Calculate the solution temperature required to produce...

Question 17

Identify the solute with the lowest van't Hoff factor.

Accepted Answer

Nonelectrolytes do not ionize in solution and therefore have a van't Hoff factor of 1 (the lowest possible). NaCl, MgSO4, MgCl2, and FeCl3 all ionize in solution, resulting in a higher van't Hoff factor.

Question 18

Calculate the solution temperature required to produce an osmotic pressure of 1.18 mbar using 3.72 mg of a protein with a molar mass of 4176 g mol^-1 that is dissolved in enough water to create 20.9 mL of solution.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Calculate the solution temperature required to produce...

Question 19

Calculate the total solution volume required to produce an osmotic pressure of 6.39 mbar using 12.34 mg of a protein with a molar mass of 5309 g mol^-1 at 25.0 °C.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Calculate the total solution volume required to...

Question 20

Twice as much pentane (C₅H₁₂)is mixed with hexane (C₆H₁₄)by mass.Calculate the vapour pressure of the resulting solution.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Twice as much pentane (C₅H₁₂)is mixed with...

Quiz 12: Solutions

Choose the aqueous solution that has the highest boiling point.These are all solutions of nonvolatile solutes and you should assume ideal van't Hoff factors where applicable.

A mixture of pentane and hexane has a vapour pressure of 241 Torr.Calculate the mole fraction of pentane in the mixture.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.

Four times as much pentane (C₅H₁₂) by mass is mixed with hexane (C₆H₁₄) .Calculate the vapour pressure of the resulting solution.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.

A mixture of chloroform and acetone has a vapour pressure of 311 Torr.Calculate the mole fraction of acetone in the mixture.The vapour pressures of chloroform and acetone are 295 Torr and 332 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.

Choose the aqueous solution that has the highest boiling point.These are all solutions of nonvolatile solutes and you should assume ideal van't Hoff factors where applicable.

Choose the aqueous solution with the lowest vapour pressure.These are all solutions of nonvolatile solutes and you should assume ideal van't Hoff factors where applicable.

Equal masses,5.00 g,of pentane (C₅H₁₂) and hexane (C₆H₁₄) are mixed.Calculate the vapour pressure of the resulting solution.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.

A solution of methanol and water has a vapour pressure of 213 Torr.What would you predict as the mole fractions of each component,assuming ideal behaviour? The vapour pressures of methanol and water are 256 Torr and 55.3 Torr,respectively.

Pentane (C₅H₁₂) is mixed with 75.8 g hexane (C₆H₁₄) .Calculate the vapour pressure of the resulting solution.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.The total solution mass is 206.6 g.Assume ideal behaviour.

A solution of methanol and water has a vapour pressure of 248 Torr.What would you predict as the mole fractions of each component,assuming ideal behaviour? The vapour pressures of methanol and water are 256 Torr and 55.3 Torr,respectively.

A nonelectrolyte compound with a molar mass of 862 g mol^-1 was dissolved in enough water to make 100 mL of solution at 25 °C and produced an osmotic pressure of 38.4 mbar.Calculate the mass of the compound,in mg,used to make this solution.

Calculate the total solution volume required to produce an osmotic pressure of 4.87 mbar using 8.21 mg of a protein with a molar mass of 4450 g mol^-1 at 25.0 °C.

Choose the aqueous solution with the highest vapour pressure.These are all solutions of nonvolatile solutes and you should assume ideal van't Hoff factors where applicable.

A small amount,6.78 g,of pentane (C₅H₁₂) is mixed with 100.00 g hexane (C₆H₁₄) .Calculate the vapour pressure of the resulting solution.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.

Identify the solute with the highest van't Hoff factor.

Calculate the solution temperature required to produce an osmotic pressure of 1.10 mbar using 3.85 mg of a protein with a molar mass of 4183 g mol^-1 that is dissolved in enough water to create 20.0 mL of solution.

Identify the solute with the lowest van't Hoff factor.

Calculate the solution temperature required to produce an osmotic pressure of 1.18 mbar using 3.72 mg of a protein with a molar mass of 4176 g mol^-1 that is dissolved in enough water to create 20.9 mL of solution.

Calculate the total solution volume required to produce an osmotic pressure of 6.39 mbar using 12.34 mg of a protein with a molar mass of 5309 g mol^-1 at 25.0 °C.

Twice as much pentane (C₅H₁₂) is mixed with hexane (C₆H₁₄) by mass.Calculate the vapour pressure of the resulting solution.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.

Quiz 12: Solutions

Choose the aqueous solution that has the highest boiling point.These are all solutions of nonvolatile solutes and you should assume ideal van't Hoff factors where applicable.

A mixture of pentane and hexane has a vapour pressure of 241 Torr.Calculate the mole fraction of pentane in the mixture.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.

Four times as much pentane (C5H12) by mass is mixed with hexane (C6H14) .Calculate the vapour pressure of the resulting solution.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.

A mixture of chloroform and acetone has a vapour pressure of 311 Torr.Calculate the mole fraction of acetone in the mixture.The vapour pressures of chloroform and acetone are 295 Torr and 332 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.

Choose the aqueous solution that has the highest boiling point.These are all solutions of nonvolatile solutes and you should assume ideal van't Hoff factors where applicable.

Choose the aqueous solution with the lowest vapour pressure.These are all solutions of nonvolatile solutes and you should assume ideal van't Hoff factors where applicable.

Equal masses,5.00 g,of pentane (C5H12) and hexane (C6H14) are mixed.Calculate the vapour pressure of the resulting solution.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.

A solution of methanol and water has a vapour pressure of 213 Torr.What would you predict as the mole fractions of each component,assuming ideal behaviour? The vapour pressures of methanol and water are 256 Torr and 55.3 Torr,respectively.

Pentane (C5H12) is mixed with 75.8 g hexane (C6H14) .Calculate the vapour pressure of the resulting solution.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.The total solution mass is 206.6 g.Assume ideal behaviour.

A solution of methanol and water has a vapour pressure of 248 Torr.What would you predict as the mole fractions of each component,assuming ideal behaviour? The vapour pressures of methanol and water are 256 Torr and 55.3 Torr,respectively.

A nonelectrolyte compound with a molar mass of 862 g mol-1 was dissolved in enough water to make 100 mL of solution at 25 °C and produced an osmotic pressure of 38.4 mbar.Calculate the mass of the compound,in mg,used to make this solution.

Calculate the total solution volume required to produce an osmotic pressure of 4.87 mbar using 8.21 mg of a protein with a molar mass of 4450 g mol-1 at 25.0 °C.

Choose the aqueous solution with the highest vapour pressure.These are all solutions of nonvolatile solutes and you should assume ideal van't Hoff factors where applicable.

A small amount,6.78 g,of pentane (C5H12) is mixed with 100.00 g hexane (C6H14) .Calculate the vapour pressure of the resulting solution.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.

Identify the solute with the highest van't Hoff factor.

Calculate the solution temperature required to produce an osmotic pressure of 1.10 mbar using 3.85 mg of a protein with a molar mass of 4183 g mol-1 that is dissolved in enough water to create 20.0 mL of solution.

Identify the solute with the lowest van't Hoff factor.

Calculate the solution temperature required to produce an osmotic pressure of 1.18 mbar using 3.72 mg of a protein with a molar mass of 4176 g mol-1 that is dissolved in enough water to create 20.9 mL of solution.

Calculate the total solution volume required to produce an osmotic pressure of 6.39 mbar using 12.34 mg of a protein with a molar mass of 5309 g mol-1 at 25.0 °C.

Twice as much pentane (C5H12) is mixed with hexane (C6H14) by mass.Calculate the vapour pressure of the resulting solution.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.

Four times as much pentane (C₅H₁₂) by mass is mixed with hexane (C₆H₁₄) .Calculate the vapour pressure of the resulting solution.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.

Equal masses,5.00 g,of pentane (C₅H₁₂) and hexane (C₆H₁₄) are mixed.Calculate the vapour pressure of the resulting solution.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.

Pentane (C₅H₁₂) is mixed with 75.8 g hexane (C₆H₁₄) .Calculate the vapour pressure of the resulting solution.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.The total solution mass is 206.6 g.Assume ideal behaviour.

A nonelectrolyte compound with a molar mass of 862 g mol^-1 was dissolved in enough water to make 100 mL of solution at 25 °C and produced an osmotic pressure of 38.4 mbar.Calculate the mass of the compound,in mg,used to make this solution.

Calculate the total solution volume required to produce an osmotic pressure of 4.87 mbar using 8.21 mg of a protein with a molar mass of 4450 g mol^-1 at 25.0 °C.

A small amount,6.78 g,of pentane (C₅H₁₂) is mixed with 100.00 g hexane (C₆H₁₄) .Calculate the vapour pressure of the resulting solution.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.

Calculate the solution temperature required to produce an osmotic pressure of 1.10 mbar using 3.85 mg of a protein with a molar mass of 4183 g mol^-1 that is dissolved in enough water to create 20.0 mL of solution.

Calculate the solution temperature required to produce an osmotic pressure of 1.18 mbar using 3.72 mg of a protein with a molar mass of 4176 g mol^-1 that is dissolved in enough water to create 20.9 mL of solution.

Calculate the total solution volume required to produce an osmotic pressure of 6.39 mbar using 12.34 mg of a protein with a molar mass of 5309 g mol^-1 at 25.0 °C.

Twice as much pentane (C₅H₁₂) is mixed with hexane (C₆H₁₄) by mass.Calculate the vapour pressure of the resulting solution.The vapour pressures of pure pentane and hexane are 425 Torr and 151 Torr,respectively.Assume ideal behaviour.