Question 1

A study attempted to estimate the proportion of Queensland residents who were willing to spend more tax dollars on solar-powered lighting for streets and public parks.Twenty-five hundred Queensland residents were surveyed.What type of data collection procedure was most likely used to collect the data for this study?

Accepted Answer

The most likely data collection procedure used in this study was a random sample, where 2,500 Queensland residents were surveyed. This method ensures that every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the survey, which helps to increase the representativeness of the sample and reduce bias.

Question 2

In a systematic sample,you select the first element randomly but then,afterward,choose every kth element.

Accepted Answer

This statement accurately describes the process of a systematic sample.

Question 3

One of the 'big four' Australian banks is conducting research in order to understand the banking needs of Australian residents.Another option is to collect data using focus groups which is an example of _________research.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the 'big four' Australian banks...

Question 4

A sample that involves selection being based on known probabilities is known as a non-probability sample.

Accepted Answer

A non-probability sample is a sample in which the selection is not based on known probabilities, whereas a probability sample is a sample in which the selection is based on known probabilities.

Question 5

A researcher is investigating which publishing companies have experienced financial growth within the last three financial years.To do so,he gathers information on annual performance figures from a database online to which publishing companies had submitted earnings and other pieces of financial data.Which of the four methods of data collection was he using?

Accepted Answer

The researcher is using data distributed by an organization or an individual, as he is collecting existing data submitted by publishing companies to an online database.

Question 6

Separate subpopulations composed of items with similar characteristics are known as _________.

Accepted Answer

Strata refer to separate subpopulations that are composed of items with similar characteristics, especially in the context of stratified sampling where a population is divided into different subgroups or 'strata' that share similar attributes.

Question 7

Simple random sampling is more efficient than stratified sampling.

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling allows for a more representative sample by dividing the population into subgroups or strata and then taking a random sample from each stratum. This can lead to a more accurate estimate and lower sampling error compared to simple random sampling.

Question 8

Data collected and distributed by the Australia Bureau of Statistics to be used for analysis by an organisation or individual can be classified as primary data.

Accepted Answer

The data collected and distributed by the Australia Bureau of Statistics is considered secondary data because it has been collected by an entity (the Bureau) and is being reused by another party for analysis, rather than being collected firsthand by the user for their specific purpose.

Question 9

Which of the four methods of data collection is involved when a person counts the number of joggers running by designated locations in Melbourne's Princes Park?

Accepted Answer

This is an example of observational study where the person is simply observing and recording data without manipulating any variables.

Question 10

Tim was planning for a meeting with his boss to discuss a raise in his annual salary.In preparation,he wanted to use the Consumer Price Index to determine the percentage increase in his real (inflation-adjusted)salary over the last three years.Which of the four methods of data collection was involved when he used the Consumer Price Index?

Accepted Answer

The Consumer Price Index is data distributed by an organization, specifically a government agency, which collects and publishes this information.

Question 11

A list of the items in the population of interest is known as the frame.

Accepted Answer

A frame is a list of elements in the population of interest, which serves as the sampling frame for selecting a sample.

Question 12

When conducting a simple random sample,you should use N to represent the sample size and n to represent the frame size.

Accepted Answer

When conducting a simple random sample, N represents the frame size (total population) and n represents the sample size.

Question 13

Selecting items based only on the fact that they are easy or inexpensive occurs in _________ sampling.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Selecting items based only on the fact...

Question 14

A marketing research firm,in conducting a comparative taste test,provided five types of hummus to a sample of households randomly selected within a city.Which of the four methods of data collection is involved when people are asked to compare the five types of hummus?

Accepted Answer

In a designed experiment, researchers control and manipulate one or more variables to observe the effect on another variable. In this case, the researchers have provided five types of hummus and are asking participants to compare them, which is a form of manipulation. Therefore, this is a designed experiment.

Question 15

The opinions of preselected experts are sought in a non-probability sample.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The opinions of preselected experts are sought...

Question 16

A statistics student found a reference in the campus library that contained the official poverty rate for all Australian states and territories.She would report her data as being collected using

Accepted Answer

The data was collected from a published source, which means it was already available and did not require any active data collection. Therefore, it was not an experiment or observational data, and there is no mention of a random sample being taken.

Question 17

A marketing research analyst needs to assess the effectiveness of a new social media campaign.To collect appropriate data,she has provided a questionnaire instrument that can be answered on one's computer,tablet,or smartphone.Which of the four methods of data collection is she using?

Accepted Answer

The questionnaire instrument provided for participants to answer on their computer, tablet, or smartphone indicates that the marketing research analyst is conducting a survey, which is a method of data collection that involves asking participants a set of questions to gather information about their attitudes, behaviors, or opinions.

Question 18

The personnel director at a large company studied the types of foods that employees purchased from the company's food vending machines.The director noted the frequency with which employees purchased pre-packaged snack foods,fresh fruit,or dairy products.The goal of the study was to improve the availabilities of the types of food most commonly purchased.This type of data collection would best be considered as

Accepted Answer

This is an observational study because the personnel director is simply observing and collecting data on what employees are already purchasing from the vending machines. No interventions or manipulations are being made to the situation.

Question 19

Convenience sampling involves using a method that is easy or inexpensive.

Accepted Answer

Convenience sampling involves selecting individuals or examples that are easy or convenient to reach, rather than using a random or representative sampling method. This can include things like selecting participants who are readily available or accessible, or who meet specific criteria that are easy to identify. While convenience sampling may be faster or cheaper than other methods, it is generally considered less reliable or valid as a way of generating representative data.

Question 20

Problems may arise when statistically unsophisticated users who do not understand the assumptions behind the statistical procedures or their limitations are misled by results obtained from computer software.

Accepted Answer

This is true as users who do not have a good understanding of statistics and the assumptions behind statistical procedures may misinterpret or misuse the results obtained from computer software. This can lead to erroneous conclusions and incorrect decisions.

Quiz 1: Defining and Collecting Data