Question 1

A pregnant client asks, "What's the difference between the true pelvis and the false pelvis?" How should the nurse respond?

Accepted Answer

The false pelvis is located above the pelvic brim and helps support the weight of the pregnant uterus, while the true pelvis, located below the pelvic brim, is involved in childbirth, affecting the passage of the fetus.

Question 2

The school nurse is teaching a health class to middle school children. Which structure should the nurse explain as secreting follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)?

Accepted Answer

The anterior pituitary gland secretes both FSH and LH, which play a crucial role in regulating the menstrual cycle and producing sex hormones in males and females. The hypothalamus releases hormones that stimulate the anterior pituitary to secrete FSH and LH. The posterior pituitary gland releases oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone, which are not involved in the regulation of reproductive function. The ovaries and testes secrete estrogen and testosterone in response to FSH and LH.

Question 3

The nurse is presenting a community education session on female hormones. Which participant statement indicates the need for further information?

Accepted Answer

Prostaglandins are involved in regulating menstrual cycles and causing uterine contractions during childbirth, but they are not responsible for achieving conception. This indicates a need for further information on the role of hormones in conception.

Question 4

The nurse is explaining the menstrual cycle to a group of women. In which phase should the nurse instruct that the corpus luteum begins to degenerate, estrogen and progesterone levels fall, and the blood supply to the endometrium is reduced?

Accepted Answer

The ischemic phase is characterized by the degeneration of the corpus luteum, the decrease in estrogen and progesterone levels, and the reduction in blood supply to the endometrium. This phase marks the beginning of shedding the uterine lining during menstruation.

Question 5

A woman has been unable to complete a full-term pregnancy because the fertilized ovum failed to implant in the uterus. Which hormone is most likely causing this client's issues with pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Progesterone plays a critical role in preparing the uterus for implantation of a fertilized ovum and in maintaining pregnancy. Without sufficient levels of progesterone, the fertilized ovum may fail to implant or the pregnancy may not be sustained.

Question 6

The nurse is preparing materials to counsel a couple after a consultation visit at an infertility clinic. On the diagram, select the area on the sperm that the nurse should identify as fertilizing the ovum.Shape_

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is preparing materials to counsel...

Question 7

A pregnant adolescent asks about fundal height. What should the nurse say that incorporates the location of the uterine fundus?

Accepted Answer

The uterine fundus is located at the uppermost (dome-shaped top) portion of the uterus, and measuring the fundal height is an important part of monitoring fetal growth during pregnancy.

Question 8

The nurse is reviewing the anatomy and physiology of the reproductive organs during a prenatal class. On the diagram, select the area that the nurse should identify as being the round ligament.Shape_

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is reviewing the anatomy and...

Question 9

The nurse is teaching a client who recently learned that she is pregnant. Which hormone should the nurse instruct as being secreted by the fertilized egg?

Accepted Answer

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is secreted by the fertilized egg and is responsible for maintaining the corpus luteum, which in turn produces progesterone to prepare the uterus for the implantation of the fertilized egg. Additionally, hCG is the hormone that is detected by pregnancy tests.

Question 10

A prenatal client states, "The doctor said he might have to cut my cervix so the baby can get out during delivery." Based upon this statement, what structure should the nurse define when teaching about an episiotomy?

Accepted Answer

The client's statement about the doctor possibly cutting her cervix during delivery suggests that the client may not be clear on the concept of episiotomy. The perineal body, which is the area between the vagina and the anus, is the structure that is cut during an episiotomy to make more room for the baby to pass through the birth canal. The other structures listed (mons pubis, labia majora, and vaginal vestibule) are not involved in an episiotomy.

Question 11

A client desiring to become pregnant is concerned because the opening of her spouse's penis is below the tip. How should the nurse respond to this client?

Accepted Answer

Hypospadias is a condition in which the urethral opening is located on the underside of the penis. While it can impact fertility, it does not always do so. Treatment options are available and most men with hypospadias are able to father children.

Question 12

The nurse is preparing a presentation on the menstrual cycle for a group of high school students. Which statement should the nurse include in this presentation?

Accepted Answer

The secretory phase occurs after ovulation, when the endometrium is prepared for potential implantation, and is when a woman is most fertile.

Question 13

Which statement best indicates that the client understands the differences in the follicular and luteal phases of the ovarian cycle?

Accepted Answer

Option D is the only statement that refers to the first and second parts of the menstrual cycle, which correspond to the follicular and luteal phases. Options A and B are incorrect because they do not differentiate between the two phases, and option C is incorrect because it describes the luteal phase as occurring first instead of second.

Question 14

The nurse is preparing a handout on the ovarian cycle for a group of middle school girls. Which information should the nurse include?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is preparing a handout on...

Question 15

A pregnant client is scheduled for a lower-segment cesarean birth. Place an X on the area of the uterine structure where the nurse should instruct that this incision for the procedure will be placed.Shape_

Accepted Answer

The answer of A pregnant client is scheduled for a...

Question 16

A nurse is teaching a classroom of teenage girls about the female reproductive system. After teaching, the nurse asks the students to describe the release of an ovum during ovulation. Which response indicates that teaching has been effective?

Accepted Answer

The correct response states that during ovulation, an egg is released from the ovary and enters the fallopian tube. This indicates that the student understands the process of ovulation and the basic anatomy of the female reproductive system. Choices A, C, and D contain inaccuracies or incomplete information.

Question 17

In preparation for teaching a women's community center class about physiologic changes during menopause, the nurse is preparing a handout for students. Which information should the nurse include in this teaching?

Accepted Answer

Option D is correct since it correctly explains that after the ages of 45-55, the ovarian estrogen secretion decreases, and ovulatory activity stops, leading to menopause. Option A is incorrect since labia minora do not increase in size due to hormonal changes during menopause. Option B is incorrect since ovaries reduce in size after menopause. Option C is incorrect since the endometrium stops undergoing monthly degeneration and renewal after menopause.

Question 18

After delivery, the nurse notes that a client is having considerable vaginal bleeding. On the diagram provided, identify the area of the myometrium that is responsible for stopping bleeding after birth.Shape_

Accepted Answer

The answer of After delivery, the nurse notes that a...

Question 19

A woman is experiencing mittelschmerz and increased vaginal discharge. Her temperature has increased by 0.6°C (1.0°F) for the past 36 hours. What should these findings indicate to the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Mittelschmerz is a term used to describe the pain some women experience during ovulation, and an increase in vaginal discharge along with a slight rise in body temperature are also signs that ovulation has occurred. These symptoms align with the physiological changes that happen around the time of ovulation.

Question 20

The nurse is reviewing the male reproductive system with a group of high school students. Using the diagram select the structure that the nurse should identify as a storage area for spermatozoa.Shape_

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is reviewing the male reproductive...

Quiz 4: Reproductive Anatomy and Physiology