Question 1

What type of diet should the nurse provide to help a patient with cystic fibrosis?

Accepted Answer

Patients with cystic fibrosis require a high-calorie, high-fat diet to meet their increased energy needs and to help maintain weight and nutritional status due to malabsorption issues.

Question 2

Which of the following foods will provide sufficient probiotic bacteria to influence the bacterial population in the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Yogurt contains live and active cultures of probiotic bacteria, specifically lactobacillus and bifidobacterium, which can survive the digestive process and colonize the large intestine. Margarine and honey do not contain probiotic bacteria, and cottage cheese may not contain live cultures, depending on how it is prepared.

Question 3

Sarah is a 21-year-old college student who has been diagnosed with Crohn's disease.She is underweight and has a poor appetite.Realizing that Sarah is at nutritional risk, the nurse advises that Sarah:

Accepted Answer

Sarah is at nutritional risk due to her Crohn's disease and poor appetite, and therefore needs to increase her nutrient intake. Consuming an oral nutrition supplement two to three times a day can help meet her nutritional needs without putting stress on her digestive system. Increasing fiber may worsen her symptoms and Crohn's disease can interfere with milk digestion, so increasing milk intake is not recommended. Eating more high-fat foods is also not recommended as it can worsen symptoms and lead to weight gain.

Question 4

Mr.Simpson complains of abdominal pain, distention, and flatulence.He frequently experiences chronic diarrhea but at times he also has constipation.He states that his symptoms usually occur shortly after he eats and often stop after defecation.The nurse correctly believes that Mr.Simpson suffers from:

Accepted Answer

Mr. Simpson's symptoms are consistent with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits. The symptoms usually occur after eating and may improve after defecation. Intestinal obstruction, diverticulitis, and ileus may also cause abdominal pain and distention, but do not typically result in chronic diarrhea or alternating constipation.

Question 5

For which of the following people might heavy probiotics consumption be unsafe?

Accepted Answer

People with compromised immune systems, such as those with AIDS, should avoid consuming heavy amounts of probiotics as it can increase the risk of infections.

Question 6

The nurse is planning for the nutritional needs of a patient with acute pancreatitis.The nurse understands that initially:

Accepted Answer

During the initial phase of acute pancreatitis, all oral fluids and food should be withheld to allow the pancreas to rest and heal. This is done to prevent further stimulation of the pancreas and reduce the risk of complications such as pancreatitis-associated lung injury, infections, and necrosis. In some cases, intravenous fluids may be given to maintain hydration and electrolyte balance. Once the patient is stable and symptoms begin to improve, a gradual reintroduction of oral fluids and food may be initiated under the guidance of a healthcare provider.

Question 7

Nondigestible substances in foods that stimulate the growth of nonpathogenic bacteria within the large intestine are called:

Accepted Answer

Nondigestible substances in foods that stimulate the growth of nonpathogenic bacteria in the large intestine are known as prebiotics. Probiotics are live bacteria that are beneficial to health, while intestinal flora refers to the community of microorganisms residing in the gut. Pathogenic bacteria are harmful and can cause illness.

Question 8

Much of the research investigating probiotics and intestinal illness has focused on the prevention and treatment of:

Accepted Answer

Much of the research investigating probiotics and intestinal illness has focused on the prevention and treatment of infectious diarrhea. Probiotics have been shown to reduce the duration and severity of infectious diarrhea, particularly in children. There is also some evidence to suggest that probiotics may be helpful in preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea and traveler's diarrhea. While probiotics may have some benefit in other intestinal illnesses, such as irritable bowel syndrome and Crohn's disease, the evidence is not as strong.

Question 9

Mrs.Hernandez, a 59-year-old female, has been experiencing diarrhea and increased intestinal gas after drinking milk.She is diagnosed with lactose intolerance and subsequently worried about her bone health if she cannot drink milk.The nurse reassures her that she may still be able to tolerate some dairy foods and consume adequate calcium by all of the following means except:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mrs.Hernandez, a 59-year-old female, has been experiencing...

Question 10

To be considered "probiotic," bacteria must meet all of the following criteria except:

Accepted Answer

Probiotic bacteria do not have to produce gas as a by-product of their activity. The other criteria are essential for a bacteria to be considered as probiotic.

Question 11

Mrs.Burgess is a 67-year-old female who was recently diagnosed with depression and prescribed a tricyclic antidepressant drug.In addition, she is on medication for high blood pressure and takes a calcium supplement.She phones her physician's office complaining of problems with constipation.The nurse suspects that the problems may be due to:

Accepted Answer

The combination of tricyclic antidepressants, calcium supplements, and medications for high blood pressure can all contribute to constipation. Depression and age alone are less likely to be the sole cause of constipation.

Question 12

Which of the following foods will the nurse include in the diet plan for a patient with celiac disease?

Accepted Answer

Scrambled eggs are gluten-free and can be included in the diet plan for a patient with celiac disease. Rye bread, whole-wheat toast, and pasta contain gluten and should be avoided by patients with celiac disease.

Question 13

A patient is newly diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome and is concerned about preventing future flare-ups.The nurse advises the patient to:

Accepted Answer

Stress management techniques can help reduce symptoms of IBS.

Question 14

Which of the following foods contains the most probiotics?

Accepted Answer

Acidophilus milk is a fermented dairy product that contains live cultures of probiotics, making it rich in probiotics compared to the other options listed.

Question 15

The possible benefits of probiotics include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

Probiotics are known to help with food allergies, immune response, and lactose intolerance, but they are not a treatment for AIDS.

Question 16

The nurse is reinforcing the dietitian's gluten-free diet instruction to a client with celiac disease.The nurse correctly tells the client that he may consume:

Accepted Answer

Grilled chicken breast is a safe option for someone with celiac disease following a gluten-free diet. Chicken-fried steak, chicken and noodle soup, and creamed chicken and biscuits may contain gluten-containing ingredients such as breading or wheat-based noodles and biscuits.

Question 17

A 35-year-old male has developed chronic pancreatitis due to excessive chronic alcohol consumption.The nurse recognizes that he may be at nutritional risk.The best recommendation the nurse can make to this patient is to:

Accepted Answer

The best recommendation for a patient with chronic pancreatitis due to excessive alcohol consumption is to avoid alcohol completely. Continued alcohol intake can worsen the condition leading to malabsorption and malnutrition. Therefore, avoiding alcohol is crucial for the patient's health and nutritional status.

Question 18

A patient is experiencing a mild case of diarrhea and phones the health clinic to find out how she should treat it.The nurse recommends that she consume all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A regular carbonated beverage can actually worsen diarrhea because the carbonation can irritate the digestive tract. The other choices (yogurt, broth with crackers, and a sports drink) can all be helpful in replenishing electrolytes and aiding in digestion.

Question 19

Mr.Purcell is an elderly gentleman who complains of frequent constipation.To deal with this problem, the nurse tells Mr.Purcell to:

Accepted Answer

Drinking plenty of fluids is a recommended treatment for constipation as it helps to soften the stool and make it easier to pass. Decreasing high-fiber foods or avoiding fried foods may worsen constipation, and while apple juice can help, it should not be relied on as the sole treatment for constipation. Therefore, option A is the best choice for Mr. Purcell.

Question 20

A patient is newly diagnosed with diverticulosis and voices concern about future complications.What is the nurse's most appropriate response?

Accepted Answer

A high-fiber diet is recommended to prevent complications of diverticulosis, such as diverticulitis, by promoting regular bowel movements and reducing pressure in the colon.

Quiz 18: Nutrition and Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders