Question 1

Quality control focuses on the design of a good or service to ensure meeting customer expectations.

Accepted Answer

Quality control focuses on inspecting a good or service during production to identify and correct any defects or deviations from standards, rather than on the design stage. Quality assurance, on the other hand, focuses on ensuring the design of a product or service meets specified quality criteria.

Question 2

A process is considered to be in control when all common and special causes have been eliminated.

Accepted Answer

A process is considered to be in control when only common causes of variation are present, and special causes have been eliminated.

Question 3

If the mean in the range chart shifts down significantly, it indicates that the variation in the process has decreased.

Accepted Answer

In a range chart, the range is a measure of variability in the process. If the mean in the range chart shifts down significantly, it indicates that the range has decreased, which means that the variability in the process has decreased. This is a desirable outcome as it indicates an improvement in the process performance.

Question 4

Collecting continuous data is usually easier than collecting discrete data.

Accepted Answer

Continuous data can be more complex to collect and manage because it involves measuring to a fine level of detail over a range, whereas discrete data involves counting items that are distinct and separate, which can be simpler to manage.

Question 5

The goal of statistical process control (SPC) is to help identify and eliminate unwanted causes of variation.

Accepted Answer

The main objective of SPC is to monitor and control a process continuously to identify and eliminate the sources of variation that cause defects, errors, or deviations from the desired outcome. By collecting data, analyzing the patterns of variation, and taking corrective actions, SPC enables organizations to improve their quality, productivity, and profitability.

Question 6

In manufacturing, quality control is generally applied at the receiving stage from suppliers, during various production processes, and at the finished goods stage.

Accepted Answer

Quality control is typically applied at various stages in the manufacturing process to ensure that the final product meets the required specifications and standards. This includes quality checks at the receiving stage from suppliers, during different stages of production, and before the finished products are shipped to customers.

Question 7

Special cause variation tends to be easily detectable using statistical methods.

Accepted Answer

Special cause variation typically involves large, noticeable changes or shifts in data that can be identified through statistical analysis. This is in contrast to common cause variation, which tends to be more consistent and predictable over time, and may not be as easily detectable through statistical methods.

Question 8

An $\overline{x}$-chart is always analyzed first because the control limits in the R-chart depend on the mean ( $\overline{x}$) of the data.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An $\overline{x}$-chart is always analyzed first because...

Question 9

Common cause variation generally accounts for about 10 to 15% of all variation within a process.

Accepted Answer

Common cause variation typically accounts for about 85 to 95% of all variation within a process, not 10 to 15%.

Question 10

As long as no points are outside of the control limits in a control chart, the process would be considered to be in control

Accepted Answer

A process can still be out of control due to patterns or trends within the control limits, such as cycles, shifts, or trends, which indicate non-random variation.

Question 11

Quality control of front-office operations in services can effectively use many of the same techniques that are applied in manufacturing.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Quality control of front-office operations in services...

Question 12

A key element of a control system is the ability to measure performance and compare it to a performance standard.

Accepted Answer

Measuring performance and comparing it to a performance standard is a critical step in any control system, as it allows organizations to identify areas where they may be underperforming and take corrective action to address any issues. Without this ability to measure performance and compare it to a standard, it would be difficult for organizations to effectively manage and improve their operations.

Question 13

Over-adjusting a process that is in control will usually increase the variation in the output.

Accepted Answer

Over-adjusting a process that is already in control means making unnecessary changes to a process that is already producing output within acceptable limits. This can introduce new sources of variation into the process and increase the variation in the output. Therefore, it is important to only make changes to a process when it is necessary, and to carefully monitor the effects of any changes that are made.

Question 14

"Quality at the source" focuses on supplier quality at the beginning of a value chain.

Accepted Answer

Quality at the source is a philosophy that emphasizes the responsibility of each employee to ensure quality in their own work, rather than relying on a separate quality control department or focusing solely on supplier quality.

Question 15

With good management, all variability of output from any goods- or service-producing process can be eliminated.

Accepted Answer

It is impossible to completely eliminate all variability in any process, as there will always be some degree of natural variation in inputs, equipment, or human performance. However, good management can help minimize and control variability to improve overall quality and consistency of output.

Question 16

It generally costs more to correct an error or defect at the design stage than after it has reached the customer.

Accepted Answer

It generally costs less to correct an error or defect at the design stage than after it has reached the customer, as changes at later stages often require more effort and resources, including potential recalls and damage to reputation.

Question 17

In developing process control charts, if special causes are present, they are not representative of true state of statistical control, and the calculations of the center line and control limits will be biased.

Accepted Answer

This is true. Special causes are attributed to factors outside of the normal process variation, and their presence can indicate a change in the system. The center line and control limits on process control charts are based on the average and variation of the process data, so the presence of special causes can affect these calculations and make them biased or invalid. Therefore, special causes must be identified and investigated separately from the common cause variation in the process in order to achieve statistical control.

Question 18

In-process quality control is typically performed by the employees who run the processes.

Accepted Answer

In-process quality control is done by the employees running the processes to ensure that the products or services meet the required standards.

Question 19

A system governed only by common causes is called a stable system.

Accepted Answer

A system governed only by common causes is predictable and stable, as opposed to a system with special causes, which is unpredictable and unstable.

Question 20

Poor quality that might result from a broken tool or an employee who is ill would be an example of special cause variation.

Accepted Answer

Special cause variation refers to a non-random, identifiable source of variation that affects the process, such as a broken tool or an employee who is ill, resulting in poor quality.

Quiz 16: Quality Control and Spc

Quality control focuses on the design of a good or service to ensure meeting customer expectations.

A process is considered to be in control when all common and special causes have been eliminated.

If the mean in the range chart shifts down significantly, it indicates that the variation in the process has decreased.

Collecting continuous data is usually easier than collecting discrete data.

The goal of statistical process control (SPC) is to help identify and eliminate unwanted causes of variation.

In manufacturing, quality control is generally applied at the receiving stage from suppliers, during various production processes, and at the finished goods stage.

Special cause variation tends to be easily detectable using statistical methods.

An $\overline{x}$ -chart is always analyzed first because the control limits in the R-chart depend on the mean ( $\overline{x}$ ) of the data.

Common cause variation generally accounts for about 10 to 15% of all variation within a process.

As long as no points are outside of the control limits in a control chart, the process would be considered to be in control

Quality control of front-office operations in services can effectively use many of the same techniques that are applied in manufacturing.

A key element of a control system is the ability to measure performance and compare it to a performance standard.

Over-adjusting a process that is in control will usually increase the variation in the output.

"Quality at the source" focuses on supplier quality at the beginning of a value chain.

With good management, all variability of output from any goods- or service-producing process can be eliminated.

It generally costs more to correct an error or defect at the design stage than after it has reached the customer.

In developing process control charts, if special causes are present, they are not representative of true state of statistical control, and the calculations of the center line and control limits will be biased.

In-process quality control is typically performed by the employees who run the processes.

A system governed only by common causes is called a stable system.

Poor quality that might result from a broken tool or an employee who is ill would be an example of special cause variation.

Quiz 16: Quality Control and Spc

Quality control focuses on the design of a good or service to ensure meeting customer expectations.

A process is considered to be in control when all common and special causes have been eliminated.

If the mean in the range chart shifts down significantly, it indicates that the variation in the process has decreased.

Collecting continuous data is usually easier than collecting discrete data.

The goal of statistical process control (SPC) is to help identify and eliminate unwanted causes of variation.

In manufacturing, quality control is generally applied at the receiving stage from suppliers, during various production processes, and at the finished goods stage.

Special cause variation tends to be easily detectable using statistical methods.

An x‾\overline{x}x -chart is always analyzed first because the control limits in the R-chart depend on the mean ( x‾\overline{x}x ) of the data.

Common cause variation generally accounts for about 10 to 15% of all variation within a process.

As long as no points are outside of the control limits in a control chart, the process would be considered to be in control

Quality control of front-office operations in services can effectively use many of the same techniques that are applied in manufacturing.

A key element of a control system is the ability to measure performance and compare it to a performance standard.

Over-adjusting a process that is in control will usually increase the variation in the output.

"Quality at the source" focuses on supplier quality at the beginning of a value chain.

With good management, all variability of output from any goods- or service-producing process can be eliminated.

It generally costs more to correct an error or defect at the design stage than after it has reached the customer.

In developing process control charts, if special causes are present, they are not representative of true state of statistical control, and the calculations of the center line and control limits will be biased.

In-process quality control is typically performed by the employees who run the processes.

A system governed only by common causes is called a stable system.

Poor quality that might result from a broken tool or an employee who is ill would be an example of special cause variation.

An $\overline{x}$ -chart is always analyzed first because the control limits in the R-chart depend on the mean ( $\overline{x}$ ) of the data.