Question 1

A great deal of research has supported the effectiveness of which of the following therapies for the treatment of anxiety and depression?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive restructuring has been extensively researched and demonstrated to be effective in treating anxiety and depression by systematically identifying and challenging distorted thoughts and beliefs that contribute to negative emotions. Both cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy incorporate cognitive restructuring as a key component in the treatment of anxiety and depression. Psychoanalysis has limited empirical support, social skills training is effective for some specific populations but not as a general treatment for anxiety and depression, and electroconvulsive therapy is only used in severe cases when other treatments have failed.

Question 2

Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck used the phrase "selective abstraction" to refer to:

Accepted Answer

Selective abstraction refers to taking things out of context. It involves focusing on some details while ignoring others, ultimately leading to an inaccurate conclusion.

Question 3

Relating external events to yourself when there is no logical reason for doing so is considered to be which of the following by Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck?

Accepted Answer

Personalization refers to the tendency to relate external events to oneself, even when there is no logical basis for doing so. This can result in feelings of guilt, shame, and responsibility for events that are beyond our control. Ellis and Beck both identified personalization as a common cognitive distortion that can contribute to emotional distress.

Question 4

Your psychotherapist informs you that you have many irrational thoughts with no logical basis.She begins to challenge those thoughts by questioning you each time you use them.Which school of psychology does your psychotherapist support?

Accepted Answer

The cognitive-behavioral school of psychology focuses on identifying and challenging irrational and negative thoughts in order to promote positive behavior change. The therapist in this scenario is questioning the client's irrational thoughts, which is a common technique used in cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Question 5

Jack brings Jill flowers for no special occasion.Jill says,"Okay,what did you do wrong?" Jill's assumption that Jack's flowers are not a positive thing is an example of which of the following patterns of thinking?

Accepted Answer

Jill's assumption that Jack's flowers are an indication of wrongdoing, without any evidence to support this belief, is an example of arbitrary inference. This is when someone jumps to a conclusion without any facts to back up their assumption.

Question 6

Dr.Houltin is a therapist who regularly meets with several clients simultaneously.In this setting,clients share information and provide feedback to each other.Dr.Houltin is practicing:

Accepted Answer

Dr. Houltin is practicing group therapy, in which several clients meet simultaneously and share information and feedback with each other under the guidance of a therapist.

Question 7

In feminist psychotherapy,women are encouraged to:

Accepted Answer

Feminist psychotherapy encourages women to define themselves independently of societal gender roles and to explore and challenge the patriarchal narratives that shape their experiences. Suppressing anger is not encouraged, but rather integrating and expressing it in a healthy way. Joining groups that aim to depower men is not a feminist goal, as feminism seeks to promote gender equality rather than reverse the power dynamic. The focus is on empowerment and self-determination rather than conforming to traditional gender expectations.

Question 8

A goal of family therapy is to:

Accepted Answer

All of these options are goals of family therapy. Therapy aims to correct any dysfunctional patterns of behavior and increase feelings of closeness and intimacy among family members. Improving communication is also an important goal, as it can help family members better understand each other's needs and perspectives. Finally, setting reasonable guidelines can help establish healthy boundaries and promote overall well-being for everyone in the family.

Question 9

A family therapist is a therapist who:

Accepted Answer

A family therapist primarily works with whole families, as opposed to individual clients, and focuses on family dynamics and relationships.

Question 10

The most common approach used in family therapy is the:

Accepted Answer

The family systems approach is the most common approach used in family therapy. It focuses on treating the family as a whole, rather than just the individual members, and emphasizes the importance of understanding the family's dynamic and communication patterns in order to improve relationships and resolve conflicts. Cognitive-behavioral, humanistic, and psychoanalytic approaches may be used in conjunction with the family systems approach, but are not the primary focus.

Question 11

The family systems view of therapy takes the position that:

Accepted Answer

The family systems view of therapy puts emphasis on understanding the individual within their family context. Therefore, it is important to consider the role that each person plays within the family when addressing problems or issues. This approach does not assume that families are inherently dysfunctional or that blaming one member is helpful.

Question 12

A major advantage to group therapy is that:

Accepted Answer

Group therapy provides clients with the opportunity to interact with others, which can improve their social skills by learning from others and practicing new behaviors. It also offers a supportive environment where clients can receive feedback and validation from their peers. While splitting the cost of therapy sessions may be a benefit, it is not the major advantage of group therapy. Additionally, group therapy is not necessarily better suited for clients with severe problems, as individual therapy may be more effective in addressing specific issues. Finally, while the therapist may rely on the participants to contribute and offer support to one another, they still play a critical role in facilitating the group dynamics and providing guidance and intervention when necessary.

Question 13

According to the research on psychotherapy cited in your text,compared to whites with mental disorders,African Americans with mental disorders are more likely to:

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that African Americans with mental disorders are more likely to be committed to psychiatric hospitals compared to their white counterparts. This reflects disparities in mental health care access, diagnosis, and treatment options based on racial and ethnic backgrounds.

Question 14

Of the following values,which is MOST important to the framework of feminist psychotherapy?

Accepted Answer

Empowerment is the most important value in feminist psychotherapy. It aims to empower clients to take control of their own lives and make their own choices, rather than being dependent on others. This enables clients to become active participants in their own therapy and advocates for their own well-being. Service and commitment are also important values in the framework of feminist psychotherapy, but empowerment takes precedence as it underlies the entire approach.

Question 15

Feminist psychotherapy attempts to help women see that:

Accepted Answer

Feminist psychotherapy emphasizes the importance of recognizing and prioritizing a woman's own needs, desires, and aspirations. It challenges the notion that women should always prioritize others over themselves and encourages women to assertively communicate their needs and boundaries. Option B is not necessarily a focus of feminist psychotherapy, as it can reinforce gender stereotypes about caregiving roles. Option C is not accurate or helpful, as it perpetuates an us vs. them mentality and does not acknowledge the diversity of men's experiences and attitudes towards women. Option D is not necessarily a focus of feminist psychotherapy, as it is a personal choice and does not necessarily relate to broader issues of gender equality and social justice.

Question 16

Tim and his fiancé argue about the type of food they should serve at their wedding,causing Tim to conclude that the whole marriage will be a failure.Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck would call this type of conclusion:

Accepted Answer

This conclusion is an example of overgeneralization, because Tim is drawing a broad and all-encompassing conclusion about the success of his entire marriage based on one argument about a single aspect of their wedding planning.

Question 17

Which of the following is a true statement about ethnic and gender issues in psychotherapy?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a true...

Question 18

Cathy scored 80% on her psychology test.Although the professor explained that it was a very difficult test and that 75% would count as a grade of A,Cathy goes home feeling like a failure.Cathy is using a type of faulty thinking called:

Accepted Answer

Cathy is using absolutistic thinking by setting an unrealistic expectation for herself to get a perfect score on a very difficult test. She is perceiving herself as a failure despite getting a score that is higher than the required score for an A.

Question 19

Reaching general conclusions by using only a few specific bits of evidence is considered to be which of the following by Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck?

Accepted Answer

Overgeneralization is the tendency to draw broad conclusions based on limited evidence or one specific event. This can lead to negative beliefs and perceptions about oneself or the world.

Question 20

After Michael gave a very energetic speech,a friend came to him and said,"You really seem to enjoy public speaking." Michael replied,"What? Do you think I'm a conceited show-off or something?" According to Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck,Michael's response is an example of:

Accepted Answer

The answer of After Michael gave a very energetic speech,a...

Quiz 15: Therapies