Question 1

If the blood pressure is recorded as 118/76, indicate the correct value of the pressure in question by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code:
-What is the mean pressure?

Accepted Answer

The mean arterial pressure (MAP) can be calculated as (2/3 x diastolic pressure) + (1/3 x systolic pressure). 
Thus, (2/3 x 76) + (1/3 x 118) = 90 mm Hg. Therefore, the best choice is E.

Question 2

If the blood pressure is recorded as 118/76, indicate the correct value of the pressure in question by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code:
-What is the diastolic pressure?

Accepted Answer

The diastolic pressure is the bottom number, which is 76 mm Hg in this case.

Question 3

MATCHING
Indicate which type of the vessel performs the function listed by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the answer code below.
-Blockage in these vessels can lead to edema.

Accepted Answer

Blockage in lymphatic vessels can lead to edema because they are responsible for draining excess fluid from tissues and returning it to the bloodstream.

Question 4

If the blood pressure is recorded as 118/76, indicate the correct value of the pressure in question by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code:
-What is the systolic pressure?

Accepted Answer

The systolic pressure is the top number in a blood pressure reading, which in this case is 118 mm Hg.

Question 5

Indicate whether arteriolar vasoconstriction or vasodilation would occur in the tissue in question by using the following answer code:
-a hyperemic response in the heart

Accepted Answer

A hyperemic response in the heart refers to an increase in blood flow to the heart tissue due to increased metabolic demands. To accommodate this increased demand, arteriolar vasodilation is necessary to increase blood flow and oxygen delivery to the heart tissue. Therefore, the correct choice is B - arteriolar vasodilation would occur.

Question 6

Indicate what effect the change in question would have on bulk flow using the answer code below:
-escape of plasma proteins into the interstitial fluid due to capillary damage

Accepted Answer

Escape of plasma proteins into the interstitial fluid due to capillary damage would increase the concentration of proteins in the interstitial fluid. This would create an osmotic pressure gradient that would favor ultrafiltration, increasing the movement of fluid out of the capillary and into the interstitial space. At the same time, the decrease in protein concentration in the capillary would decrease the osmotic pressure within the capillary, reducing the reabsorption of fluid back into the capillary. Therefore, the change would increase ultrafiltration and decrease reabsorption, leading to a net movement of fluid out of the capillary and into the interstitial space, which is known as edema.

Question 7

Indicate what effect the changes in question would have on blood flow, using the following answer code:
-Increasing the length of a vessel.

Accepted Answer

Increasing the length of a vessel would increase the resistance to blood flow, which would then decrease blood flow. This is because the longer the vessel, the more friction and resistance the blood experiences, slowing down its flow.

Question 8

Indicate what effect the change in question would have on bulk flow using the answer code below:
-expanded plasma volume due to excessive fluid intake

Accepted Answer

Excessive fluid intake would cause expanded plasma volume, leading to an increase in hydrostatic pressure and a decrease in oncotic pressure. This would result in an increase in ultrafiltration and a decrease in reabsorption. Therefore, the correct answer is A.

Question 9

Indicate whether arteriolar vasoconstriction or vasodilation would occur in the tissue in question by using the following answer code:
-histamine release during an allergic reaction

Accepted Answer

Histamine release during an allergic reaction would produce arteriolar vasodilation. This is because histamine acts as a potent vasodilator by activating H1 receptors on the smooth muscle cells of the arterioles, which causes the muscle cells to relax and the arterioles to dilate. This results in increased blood flow to the affected tissue, which can cause redness, swelling, and itching.

Question 10

Indicate whether arteriolar vasoconstriction or vasodilation would occur in the tissue in question by using the following answer code: -decreased O₂ in skeletal muscle

Accepted Answer

Decreased O₂ in skeletal muscle would produce arteriolar vasodilation. O₂ (oxygen saturation) is an indicator of oxygen levels, and when it is decreased, it signals to the body that there is a need for more oxygen in the tissue. Vasodilation would allow more blood flow into the tissue to bring more oxygen to the area.

Question 11

Indicate what effect the change in question would have on bulk flow using the answer code below:
-loss of plasma volume due to hemorrhage

Accepted Answer

A loss of plasma volume due to hemorrhage would lead to decreased blood pressure and decreased blood volume. To compensate for this, the kidneys would decrease ultrafiltration and increase reabsorption in order to retain as much fluid as possible. This is part of the body's overall response to conserve fluids and maintain homeostasis. Therefore, choice B is the best answer.

Question 12

If the blood pressure is recorded as 118/76, indicate the correct value of the pressure in question by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code:
-What is the pulse pressure?

Accepted Answer

Pulse pressure is calculated by subtracting the diastolic pressure from the systolic pressure. In this case, 118-76 = 42 mm Hg. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

Question 13

Indicate what effect the change in question would have on bulk flow using the answer code below:
-rise in capillary blood pressure in connection with congestive heart failure

Accepted Answer

An increase in capillary blood pressure would increase the net filtration pressure, leading to an increase in ultrafiltration and a decrease in reabsorption. This can result in edema or excess fluid accumulation in the tissues in congestive heart failure.

Question 14

Indicate what effect the changes in question would have on blood flow, using the following answer code:
-Increasing the number of circulating red blood cells.

Accepted Answer

Increasing the number of circulating red blood cells increases blood viscosity, which can decrease blood flow by making it harder for the heart to pump blood through the vessels.

Question 15

Indicate what effect the change in question would have on bulk flow using the answer code below:
-loss of plasma protein in the urine due to kidney disease

Accepted Answer

Loss of plasma proteins in the urine due to kidney disease would decrease the oncotic pressure in the glomerular filtrate, resulting in an increase in ultrafiltration and a decrease in reabsorption. The loss of plasma proteins would decrease the osmotic pressure in the Bowman's capsule, causing more water to filter into the nephron. Consequently, the volume of urine produced would increase, and the osmolality of the urine would decrease.

Question 16

Indicate what effect the changes in question would have on blood flow, using the following answer code:
-Increasing the radius of a vessel.

Accepted Answer

Increasing the radius of a vessel would result in a decrease in resistance, according to Poiseuille's law. As a result, blood flow will increase.

Question 17

Indicate what effect the change in question would have on bulk flow using the answer code below:
-reduced synthesis of plasma proteins due to liver disease

Accepted Answer

Reduced synthesis of plasma proteins decreases the plasma colloid osmotic pressure, leading to increased ultrafiltration and decreased reabsorption.

Question 18

MATCHING
Indicate which type of the vessel performs the function listed by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the answer code below.
-Vessels that pick up fluid that is filtered but not reabsorbed.

Accepted Answer

Lymphatics vessels pick up the fluid that has been filtered but not reabsorbed by capillaries.

Question 19

Indicate what effect the changes in question would have on blood flow, using the following answer code:
-Increasing the pressure gradient in a vessel.

Accepted Answer

Increasing the pressure gradient in a vessel would increase the driving force behind blood flow and result in an increase in blood flow.

Question 20

Indicate what effect the changes in question would have on blood flow, using the following answer code:
-Increasing the resistance of a vessel.

Accepted Answer

Increasing the resistance of a vessel would decrease blood flow. This is because resistance creates a hindrance to blood flow, making it harder for blood to travel through the vessel. As a result, the blood flow would decrease.

Quiz 10: The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

If the blood pressure is recorded as 118/76, indicate the correct value of the pressure in question by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code: -What is the mean pressure?

If the blood pressure is recorded as 118/76, indicate the correct value of the pressure in question by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code: -What is the diastolic pressure?

MATCHING Indicate which type of the vessel performs the function listed by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the answer code below. -Blockage in these vessels can lead to edema.

If the blood pressure is recorded as 118/76, indicate the correct value of the pressure in question by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code: -What is the systolic pressure?

Indicate whether arteriolar vasoconstriction or vasodilation would occur in the tissue in question by using the following answer code: -a hyperemic response in the heart

Indicate what effect the change in question would have on bulk flow using the answer code below: -escape of plasma proteins into the interstitial fluid due to capillary damage

Indicate what effect the changes in question would have on blood flow, using the following answer code: -Increasing the length of a vessel.

Indicate what effect the change in question would have on bulk flow using the answer code below: -expanded plasma volume due to excessive fluid intake

Indicate whether arteriolar vasoconstriction or vasodilation would occur in the tissue in question by using the following answer code: -histamine release during an allergic reaction

Indicate whether arteriolar vasoconstriction or vasodilation would occur in the tissue in question by using the following answer code: -decreased O2 in skeletal muscle

Indicate what effect the change in question would have on bulk flow using the answer code below: -loss of plasma volume due to hemorrhage

If the blood pressure is recorded as 118/76, indicate the correct value of the pressure in question by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the following answer code: -What is the pulse pressure?

Indicate what effect the change in question would have on bulk flow using the answer code below: -rise in capillary blood pressure in connection with congestive heart failure

Indicate what effect the changes in question would have on blood flow, using the following answer code: -Increasing the number of circulating red blood cells.

Indicate what effect the change in question would have on bulk flow using the answer code below: -loss of plasma protein in the urine due to kidney disease

Indicate what effect the changes in question would have on blood flow, using the following answer code: -Increasing the radius of a vessel.

Indicate what effect the change in question would have on bulk flow using the answer code below: -reduced synthesis of plasma proteins due to liver disease

MATCHING Indicate which type of the vessel performs the function listed by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the answer code below. -Vessels that pick up fluid that is filtered but not reabsorbed.

Indicate what effect the changes in question would have on blood flow, using the following answer code: -Increasing the pressure gradient in a vessel.

Indicate what effect the changes in question would have on blood flow, using the following answer code: -Increasing the resistance of a vessel.

Indicate whether arteriolar vasoconstriction or vasodilation would occur in the tissue in question by using the following answer code: -decreased O₂ in skeletal muscle