Question 1

Environmental racism is a form of discrimination against minority groups and people from poor countries who are subjected to a disproportionate share of environmental hazards and polluting industries.Utilizing examples from your text and personal experiences discuss this phenomenon and propose ways that it can be minimized or eliminated.

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Question 2

Who is responsible for the creation of most technological innovations? Is this a beneficial arrangement for most of humanity?

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Question 3

Discuss the suggestion that technological innovation and market forces will enable us to overcome environmental problems.

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Question 4

When did North Americans enter the era of big science and big technology?

Accepted Answer

The era of big science and big technology began with the development and use of the atomic bomb during World War II. This led to increased government funding for scientific research and the establishment of large-scale scientific projects, such as the Manhattan Project and NASA’s space program. The invention of the electric light bulb, automobile, and diesel engine were all important technological advancements, but they did not mark the beginning of the era of big science and big technology.

Question 5

What is biodiversity and why is it important?

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Question 6

What is the social distribution of risk?

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Question 7

Discuss environmental racism in Canada, giving examples.What can be done to solve this problem?

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Question 8

Explain the significance of genetic pollution.What can be done to solve this problem?

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Question 9

Ulrich Beck, in his risk society thesis, outlines that in the decades following World War II citizens were concerned with issues regarding the distribution of social goods, but in the last few decades citizens have been concerned with issues regarding the distribution of social bads.Explain this change in focus.

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Question 10

What is technology?

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Question 11

Russian economist Nikolai Kondratiev noticed that technologies are invented in clusters.Based on that observation, he argued that flurries of creativity cause major economic growth spurts beginning 10 to 20 years after a cluster of major inventions and have a lasting influence for 15 to35 years.Discuss whether Kondratiev's argument suggests that culture is defined and shaped by technology.

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Question 12

What is a risk society?

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Question 13

According to the textbook, when did many people become alerted to the fact that technological advances may not always be beneficial?

Accepted Answer

The dropping of the atom bomb on Hiroshima in 1945 was a turning point in many people's perception of technological advances, as it demonstrated the devastating consequences that could result from the misuse of advanced technology.

Question 14

What is technological determinism?

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Question 15

What is the dominant view of technology today?

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Question 16

What does the textbook mean when it says that environmental issues are contested phenomena?

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Question 17

Food, Inc.(2008) poses a classic sociological question about technology: Is technology always a means of improving human life or is it sometimes antagonistic to human values? Based on your reading, answer this question.

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Question 18

In the late 1960s, the river running through the Ojibwa village of Grassy Narrows in Ontario was poisoned for 50 years by mercury pollution from a local pulp mill.What does this example illustrate?

Accepted Answer

This example illustrates environmental racism, as the poisoning of the river and subsequent harm to the community was a result of industrial pollution disproportionately affecting and harming the Indigenous population. This can be seen as a form of systemic discrimination based on race.

Question 19

What causes acid rain?

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Question 20

What are normal accidents?

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Quiz 22: Technology and the Global Environment