A common feature of new experimental treatments for major depressive disorder, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS), vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), is that, like electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), they induce seizures.

Question

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These treatments, unlike electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), do not typically induce seizures. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) involves electrical stimulation of specific brain areas, vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) involves electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve, and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain, but none of these are designed to induce seizures as part of their therapeutic effect.

A Common Feature of New Experimental Treatments for Major Depressive