Question 1

Research shows that maltreated children have not only impaired attachments but also neurotransmitter changes and poor reactions to stress.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that maltreated children have impaired attachments, neurotransmitter changes, and poor reactions to stress. These changes can lead to long-term developmental and mental health issues.

Question 2

Research studies have shown that infant attachment patterns continue into adulthood.

Accepted Answer

Research has found evidence that early attachment patterns formed between infants and their primary caregivers persist into adulthood and impact later romantic relationships and other social interactions.

Question 3

The majority of children are ______________ attached to their parents.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that the majority of children are securely attached to their parents. This means they feel safe and comfortable when their caregiver is present and can use them as a secure base to explore their environment. Avoidant attachment is characterized by children who avoid or ignore their caregiver and resistant attachment is characterized by children who are clingy and overly dependent on their caregiver. "Not" is not a valid choice as it does not provide a clear answer.

Question 4

John had neglectful parents as a child,and now as an adult he finds he is not very trusting of others.He hopes counseling will help him so that he can get married one day.What would you say to John?

Accepted Answer

Research on attachment theory has shown that attachment styles can change with therapy and self-awareness. It may be a difficult process, but it is possible for John to overcome his trust issues and form healthy relationships. Medication may not necessarily address the underlying issues related to his upbringing. The statement in option D is a pessimistic and inaccurate generalization.

Question 5

One of the most often used measures of attachment is the ___________ developed by __________.

Accepted Answer

The Strange Situation is one of the most often used measures of attachment and it was developed by Mary Ainsworth.

Question 6

Children who have a clear-cut attachment with a caregiver also have stranger anxiety.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Children who have formed a clear attachment with a caregiver may experience stranger anxiety when they are introduced to unfamiliar or unknown people. This occurs as a result of the child's attachment to their caregiver and their reliance on them for comfort and security.

Question 7

Cultural research in attachment has shown that ___________infants are more upset than _________infants when separated from their caregivers.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that Japanese infants are more upset than American infants when separated from their caregivers. This may be due to cultural norms and beliefs surrounding attachment and dependency in Japan.

Question 8

Children with ____________attachment are not distressed when mother leaves the room and are disinterested upon her return

Accepted Answer

Children with insecure-avoidant attachment are not distressed when the mother leaves the room and show little interest upon her return. They may actively avoid or ignore their mother when she returns.

Question 9

Mothers who work full time during their child's first year have children who

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mothers who work full time during their...

Question 10

Most children are securely attached to their caregivers.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that the majority of children develop secure attachments to their caregivers, which provides a foundation for healthy social and emotional development. However, it is important to note that some children may experience insecure attachment due to various factors such as inconsistent caregiving or adverse early experiences.

Question 11

Somewhere between __________ and _____________ babies show a clear-cut attachment

Accepted Answer

Babies typically show a clear-cut attachment between 8 months and 24 months, as this is when they begin to form strong emotional bonds with their caregivers.

Question 12

Children with ___________ attachment are distressed when mother leaves,and when she returns they gesture to be held but they try to pull away at the same time.

Accepted Answer

Children with insecure-resistant attachment are typically clingy and upset when the mother leaves but they also reject her when she returns, pushing away or squirming when she tries to pick them up. This ambivalent behavior reflects their uncertainty about whether the mother will be consistently available and responsive to their needs.

Question 13

Eight-month-old Reagan never minded a babysitter until now.When the sitter picks her up,she cries and reaches for Mommy.It is clear that

Accepted Answer

The fact that Reagan cries and reaches for her mother when the sitter picks her up is a typical behavior in children who are experiencing stranger anxiety and have developed attachment to their primary caregiver (in this case, the mother). It does not necessarily mean that the sitter has abused her or that the mother spoils her.

Question 14

A child with an insecure attachment may have trouble with moral behavior as an adult.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that children with insecure attachments are at greater risk for developing behavioral problems, including difficulties with moral behavior as adults. These individuals may struggle with empathy, impulse control, and other important aspects of ethical decision-making.

Question 15

Secure attachment characteristics such as independence,openness,and sociability are valued by all cultures worldwide.

Accepted Answer

Different cultures value different attachment characteristics, and what is considered secure attachment in one culture might not be valued the same way in another. For example, some cultures may prioritize interdependence and close familial bonds over independence.

Question 16

If you were an insecurely attached infant,you will have insecure relationships throughout life because that does not change.

Accepted Answer

Although early attachment experiences can influence later relationships, they do not necessarily determine one's attachment style for life. People can develop more secure attachments through therapy or supportive relationships later in life.

Question 17

The Strange Situation has been used and validated around the world.

Accepted Answer

The Strange Situation has been used and validated in various cultures and countries around the world. It has been found to be a reliable and valid tool for assessing attachment styles in infants.

Question 18

During the Strange Situation,observers are most interested in

Accepted Answer

During the Strange Situation, observers are most interested in what the baby does when Mom returns, as this gives information about the baby's attachment style and how they respond to separation and reunion with their caregiver. While the interaction with the stranger and the mother are also observed, they are not the primary focus of the Strange Situation.

Question 19

The benefit of using the Attachment Q sort over the Strange Situation is that

Accepted Answer

The Attachment Q sort is less stressful for the child compared to the Strange Situation, which involves separation from the caregiver and interaction with a stranger, potentially causing distress.

Question 20

Children with __________ attachment show confused and contradictory behavior when reunited with their mothers.

Accepted Answer

Children with disorganized attachment show confused and contradictory behavior when reunited with their mothers. They may approach their mother for comfort but then abruptly withdraw or show fearful behavior towards her. This type of attachment is often seen in situations of parental abuse or neglect where a child cannot rely on their caregiver for comfort and support.

Quiz 7: Psychosocial Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood