Question 1

Which microorganism is the most common cause of tonsillitis in adolescents?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which microorganism is the most common cause...

Question 2

Which microorganism is the most common cause of peritonsillar abscess?

Accepted Answer

Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus is the most common cause of peritonsillar abscess.

Question 3

A patient complains of fever,fatigue,and pharyngitis.On physical examination there is pronounced cervical lymphadenopathy.Which of the following diagnostic tests should be considered?

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described are common to both mononucleosis and streptococcal pharyngitis, making Mono spot, Strep test, and Throat culture all appropriate diagnostic tests to consider.

Question 4

Which of the following conditions can cause upper airway obstruction?

Accepted Answer

Epiglottitis is an inflammation of the epiglottis, the flap of cartilage at the base of the tongue that prevents food and drink from entering the trachea. Swelling of the epiglottis can cause rapid onset upper airway obstruction, which is a serious medical emergency requiring immediate intervention. Behcet's syndrome is a rare autoimmune disorder that affects blood vessels and causes inflammation, but it typically does not cause upper airway obstruction. Influenza and thrush can cause respiratory symptoms but are unlikely to cause upper airway obstruction.

Question 5

Rheumatic heart disease is a complication that can arise from which type of infection?

Accepted Answer

Rheumatic heart disease most commonly arises from an untreated or incompletely treated infection with Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus, which causes strep throat.

Question 6

Your patient has been using chewing tobacco for 10 years.On physical examination,you observe a white ulceration surrounded by erythematous base on the side of his tongue.The clinician should recognize that very often this is:

Accepted Answer

The most likely diagnosis based on the description is squamous cell carcinoma, which is a common malignancy associated with chewing tobacco use. The white ulceration and erythematous base are common features of squamous cell carcinoma. Malignant melanoma typically presents as a dark, irregularly shaped lesion, while aphthous ulceration is a benign condition that usually resolves on its own. Behcet's syndrome is a rare autoimmune disorder that can cause oral ulcers, but it is not associated with chewing tobacco use.

Question 7

Your patient is a 78-year-old female with a smoking history of 120-pack years.She complains of hoarseness that has developed over the last few months.It is important to exclude the possibility of:

Accepted Answer

The patient's age, smoking history, and complaint of hoarseness raise concern for laryngeal cancer, which must be excluded as a possibility. Thrush, carotidynia, and thyroiditis are less likely to cause hoarseness in this patient population.

Question 8

A condition that presents as painless,raised white patches on the oral mucosa that predisposes to squamous cell carcinoma is:

Accepted Answer

Leukoplakia presents as painless, raised white patches on the oral mucosa and is considered a precancerous lesion that may lead to squamous cell carcinoma. Candida may present as white patches, but they are usually soft and can be wiped off, and it is not considered a precancerous lesion. Lichen planus may have white patches, but they are typically accompanied by other symptoms such as itching or burning, and it is not considered a precancerous lesion. Coxsackie virus causes hand, foot, and mouth disease, not oral lesions that predispose to squamous cell carcinoma.

Question 9

A 26-year-old female who gave birth 1 month ago presents with sudden development of fever,neck pain,sore throat with dysphagia,and radiation of pain to the ear.Which of the following conditions is most important to consider?

Accepted Answer

Given the patient's recent postpartum status and the symptoms of fever, neck pain, sore throat with dysphagia, and radiation of pain to the ear, thyroiditis, particularly postpartum thyroiditis, is the most important condition to consider. Postpartum thyroiditis can occur in women within a year after giving birth and can present with symptoms similar to those described.

Quiz 6: Ear, nose, mouth, and Throat