Question 1

Who conducted experiments on conformity using perception of line lengths and group judgments?

Accepted Answer

Solomon Asch conducted experiments on conformity using perception of line lengths and group judgments.

Question 2

What did Rosabeth Moss Kanter find when studying a corporation with very few female managers?

Accepted Answer

Rosabeth Moss Kanter found that an informal network of social relations, involving mostly men, played a significant role in determining the career advancement of employees in the corporation studied. This network allowed men to gain access to information, resources, and opportunities that were not available to women, resulting in very few women in managerial positions.

Question 3

What did Solomon Asch most famously research?

Accepted Answer

Solomon Asch most famously researched conformity, specifically studying how individuals conform to social norms and peer pressure in group settings.

Question 4

According to the text,we live in a small world.What is behind this assertion?

Accepted Answer

Social networks connect us by allowing us to communicate with people from all over the world, regardless of our physical location. This has made the world feel smaller and more interconnected.

Question 5

When is groupthink most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Groupthink is most likely to occur when group members desire harmony and the avoidance of conflict. In such situations, members may prioritize maintaining consensus over considering alternative viewpoints, leading to a narrow and flawed decision-making process.

Question 6

On her first day at the company,Tara was introduced to the president,three vice-presidents,five directors,and 10 managers.The line of authority was clearly explained to her so that she would take any of her issues to a manager,who would report to a director,and so forth up the chain.According to the text,what kind of organizational structure was used by the company?

Accepted Answer

The described organizational structure is a typical hierarchy of a bureaucracy, where authority and decision-making flow from top-level executives down through the lower levels of the organization in a clear chain of command.

Question 7

How many dyadic relationships are possible among 50 people?

Accepted Answer

A dyadic relationship is a relationship between two individuals. Since we are considering 50 people, we need to calculate the number of possible pairs of these 50 people. This is given by the formula nC2, where n is the number of people and C2 represents the number of combinations of 2 people.

nC2 = 50C2
= (50 x 49) / (2 x 1)
= 1225

Therefore, there are 1225 possible dyadic relationships among 50 people. Hence the answer is option C.

Question 8

When the work of killing people is subjected to a bureaucratic division of labour,what is the consequence?

Accepted Answer

When the work of killing people is subjected to a bureaucratic division of labour, it depersonalizes the act of killing and makes it easier for those involved to distance themselves from the horrible truth of what they are doing. This can help to desensitize them to the violence and reduce the emotional toll it may take. However, it also contributes to a lack of accountability and can make it easier for atrocities to be committed with little oversight or consequence.

Question 9

A president of a large corporation sends out an email memo to initiate some corporate cultural change,but after six months is frustrated with the lack of results.Why might this be the case?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A president of a large corporation sends...

Question 10

Donna worked in a large factory sewing collars on blouses day after day.In order to decrease the monotony,she treated it as a game-trying to exceed her output from the previous day.A co-worker took her aside and told her to stop,or management would increase everyone's quota.What does this action demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

The co-worker's warning to Donna reflects the influence of social networks within the workplace on productivity. By attempting to increase her output, Donna risks altering the expectations for all workers, demonstrating how peer interactions and social norms can impact individual behavior and overall productivity.

Question 11

Who is credited with saying: "It is always possible to say no,even to the worst tyrant"?

Accepted Answer

This quote is attributed to the French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre, who was a proponent of individual choice and freedom. He believed that even in the face of oppressive regimes, individuals always have the power to resist and make their own choices.

Question 12

According to the text,what does the term laissez-faire translate to in English?

Accepted Answer

"Laissez-faire" is a French phrase that translates to "let them do it" in English, reflecting a policy or attitude of letting things take their own course without interfering.

Question 13

In the classic experiment on prejudice,what strategy did the researchers use to break down the in-group/out-group barriers between 11-year-old boys at a summer camp?

Accepted Answer

The researchers created emergencies that required the boys to work together in order to solve them. This forced the boys to see each other as allies rather than enemies and to work towards a common goal, thereby breaking down the in-group/out-group barriers. This experiment was known as the Robber's Cave experiment.

Question 14

Many of the secondary groups we belong to are a paradox in the sense that we are close to some members yet distant from most others.Which statement best identifies how people foster their shared sense of group belonging?

Accepted Answer

Group belonging is often considered "imagined" because individuals feel a sense of connection and shared identity with the group, even if they do not have personal relationships with all members. This concept, famously discussed by Benedict Anderson in the context of nations, applies to various types of groups where the sense of community is constructed in the minds of the members.

Question 15

Selecting Common Ground is an organization that brings together Muslim,Jewish,and Christian children for summer camps.What strategy is being employed here toward breaking down in-group and out-group conflict?

Accepted Answer

The strategy being employed is face-to-face contact between children from different religious groups. By having them interact and bond over shared experiences, the organization is breaking down in-group and out-group conflict.

Question 16

During World War II,German in-group boundaries included defining out-group membership as any person who had a Jewish grandparent.What effect did this have on German society?

Accepted Answer

The inclusion of Jewish grandparentage as a defining factor for out-group membership created a strong boundary that cut deeply into German society. This policy led to the persecution of millions of people, including those who may have had only partial Jewish ancestry. The impact of this policy was far-reaching and had devastating consequences for both individuals and society as a whole.

Question 17

Most of us develop some degree of loyalty to secondary groups in our lives-such as school loyalty or company loyalty-yet we may know only a fraction of the members in these groups.According to the text,how is this commitment fostered?

Accepted Answer

This commitment is fostered by imagination, as individuals imagine themselves as part of a larger group or community, even without personal acquaintance with all its members. This sense of belonging and identity with the group is cultivated in the mind, beyond direct experiences or emotional connections.

Question 18

What is the most elementary network unit?

Accepted Answer

The most elementary network unit is a dyad, which represents the connection or relationship between two individuals or nodes in a network.

Question 19

In a crisis situation,what is the most effective leadership style?

Accepted Answer

In a crisis situation, an authoritarian leadership style is often considered the most effective. This is because quick decision-making is crucial, and an authoritarian leader can make decisions rapidly without the need for group consensus, which can be time-consuming.

Question 20

Which term describes a web of social ties that link people who identify and interact with one another?

Accepted Answer

A network refers to a web of social ties that link individuals who identify and interact with one another. These ties may be based on various factors such as shared interests, proximity, or common social characteristics. Networks can be formal or informal and can exist both online and offline.

Quiz 21: Networks, Groups, and Bureaucracies