Question 1

Which of the following are among the most important indicators of how well a society is providing health care for its population?

Accepted Answer

Life expectancy and infant mortality are directly related to the quality of health care provided by a society. Life expectancy indicates how long individuals can expect to live, showcasing the effectiveness of preventative measures, disease treatment, and access to health care. Infant mortality, on the other hand, indicates the number of deaths that occur within the first year of life, providing insights into the quality of prenatal care, childbirth, and infant health interventions. The other options listed above are either irrelevant or only indirectly related to measuring the quality of health care provided by a society.

Question 2

According to the text,in the United States our comparatively poor health is largely due to the _________ .

Accepted Answer

B

Question 3

In the poorest regions of the world,which of the following is NOT associated with high infant and child mortality?

Accepted Answer

A

Question 4

When one compares life expectancy and related indicators for low-income economies and industrial market economies,one finds that low-income economies have __________.

Accepted Answer

Low-income economies typically have shorter life expectancies, higher rates of infant mortality, and higher rates of mortality for children aged 1-4 years compared to industrial market economies.

Question 5

Which of the statements below is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Asian American and Caucasian residents in nursing homes are more likely to have access to sensory and communication aids than their Hispanic and African American counterparts, reflecting disparities in healthcare resources and support across different ethnic groups.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about food and health in the global marketplace is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The statement that researchers and medical experts are given access to the most relevant data to help them curb the spread of disease is not entirely true. In some cases, governments and corporations may hide or delay the release of important data, which can hinder efforts to contain outbreaks.

Question 7

The text points out that in impoverished regions of the world,where high-quality medical care is often lacking,the social problems associated with physical health are profound.Which of the following is NOT one of these problems?

Accepted Answer

While vitamin deficiencies may contribute to physical health problems, they are not typically listed as one of the social problems commonly associated with lack of access to high-quality medical care in impoverished regions. The other options (A, B, D, and E) are all commonly cited issues.

Question 8

On the average,the life expectancy for white males is about __________ years longer than that for black males and the life expectancy for white females is about __________ years longer than that for black females.

Accepted Answer

The life expectancy gap between white males and black males is approximately 6 years, and between white females and black females, it is about 4 years. This reflects disparities in access to healthcare, socioeconomic status, and other social determinants of health.

Question 9

The average age to which members of a society live is the measure called __________.

Accepted Answer

Life expectancy is the measure of the average age to which members of a society live. Life span refers to the maximum age an individual can reach, while longevity span is not a commonly used term for measuring life expectancy. Life chances and lifestyle are not related to measuring the average age of a society's members.

Question 10

According to your text,efforts to make our health-care system less costly and more efficient and humane must contend with the power of__________.

Accepted Answer

The text specifically mentions insurance companies, doctors, and other healthcare providers as the powerful entities that efforts to improve the healthcare system must contend with. While nurses, patients, and other groups may also have some influence, the text suggests that the biggest challenge comes from those who have a stake in maintaining the status quo.

Question 11

The subfield of sociology that specializes in research on the health-care system and its impact on the public is called __________.

Accepted Answer

Medical sociology is the subfield of sociology that focuses on the health-care system and its impact on society. It examines issues such as access to health care, social determinants of health, and the roles of health-care professionals. A, B, D, and E are not specific subfields of sociology related to health care.

Question 12

When we confront problems such as how effectively health care is distributed among all people,including the elderly and poor,we deal with health-care problems at the __________ level.

Accepted Answer

When discussing issues related to the distribution of healthcare among various groups in society, it is a societal or macro-level issue as it affects multiple individuals and groups rather than just one individual or person. It involves understanding and addressing systemic issues such as access to healthcare, healthcare policies, and healthcare infrastructure at a larger societal level.

Question 13

Which of the following is a factor detracting from better health among Americans?

Accepted Answer

All of the factors mentioned - sedentary lifestyles, environmental pollution and smoking, and unhealthy diets - contribute to poor health among Americans. Each of these factors is significant and contributes to chronic diseases, such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. Improved public health efforts can help address these issues, but individual action is also necessary to promote better health outcomes.

Question 14

Which of the statements below is true,according to the authors of your text?

Accepted Answer

The authors of the text state that nearly 18 percent of Americans under 65 do not have any health insurance (A), economic class, race, and ethnicity are correlated with the risk of becoming seriously ill (B), and that emphasizing more on prevention of illness would alleviate the heavy burden on the American healthcare system (C). Therefore, D is the correct answer.

Question 15

When we face problems such as whether an elderly parent should be placed in a nursing home or if (or when)life-support systems should be stopped for a terminally ill relative,we deal with health-care problems at the __________ level.

Accepted Answer

These health-care problems pertain to individual or personal decisions regarding the care of a specific patient or family member, making it a micro-level issue.

Question 16

Which of the following statements best explains the differences in life expectancy between "developed" and less developed nations?

Accepted Answer

People in more developed nations have better access to healthcare, clean water, and sanitation, which allows them to survive childhood diseases and parasites that often contribute to a lower life expectancy in less developed nations.

Question 17

In studying access to health care,sociologists find that __________ is/are most likely to affect access.

Accepted Answer

Sociologists have found that social inequality, such as disparities in income, education, race/ethnicity, and immigration status, can significantly affect access to health care. Those with lower socioeconomic status and marginalized groups may experience barriers to accessing health care, such as lack of insurance, transportation difficulties, and discrimination by health care providers. Personal characteristics, the timing of illness, and individual aspirations are not as significant in affecting access to health care as social inequality. Social and political views may influence the types of health care services someone seeks, but are unlikely to be the primary factor affecting access.

Question 18

Medical sociologists often point out that the institutions of American health care are the source of many health-care problems,largely because the health-care system DID NOT develop __________.

Accepted Answer

Medical sociologists argue that the health-care system did not develop in a way that is either a purely competitive industry or a regulated public service. This has led to problems such as high costs, unequal access to care, and variations in the quality of care provided. The lack of a clear system has made it difficult to address these issues effectively.

Question 19

In developed and developing nations,__________ rates are highly correlated with the number of healthcare professionals in a society which serves as a measure of the quality of the health care available to its members.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In developed and developing nations,__________ rates are...

Question 20

Longer life expectancy and lower infant mortality are correlated with __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Longer life expectancy and lower infant mortality...

Quiz 2: Problems of Health and Healthcare