Question 1

Eighty percent of people who are diagnosed with osteoporosis are women.What is the simple explanation for this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

During menopause, women lose estrogen which plays a crucial role in preventing bone loss. Therefore, women are at a higher risk for developing osteoporosis compared to men.

Question 2

Your 46-year-old uncle is about 60 pounds overweight and is having difficulty sleeping at night.If he were interested in your advice,you could tell him that ____.

Accepted Answer

Being overweight can contribute to poor sleep quality and losing weight can improve it. It is important for him to also consult with a doctor for a personalized plan. Options A, C, and D are not necessarily true or helpful in this situation.

Question 3

Evolutionary biologist Jared Diamond (1992)hypothesized that the danger that childbirth poses to human mothers,and the danger that a mother's death poses to human children,were related to what characteristically human experience?

Accepted Answer

Jared Diamond hypothesized that menopause evolved in humans because it allows women to live long enough to care for their grandchildren, thus increasing the survival chances of their genes. This relates to the danger of childbirth and the importance of a mother's survival for the child's well-being.

Question 4

In what condition do the bones become thin and brittle as a result of rapid calcium depletion?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis is a condition in which bones become thin and brittle as a result of calcium depletion. Scoliosis is a spinal condition in which the spine is curved. Jaundice is a condition in which the skin and eyes turn yellow due to a buildup of bilirubin. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that affects the body's ability to regulate blood sugar levels.

Question 5

How many hours of sleep do medical authorities recommend getting each night?

Accepted Answer

Medical authorities recommend getting 7 to 9 hours of sleep each night for adults.

Question 6

At what rate do testosterone levels decline during midlife?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone levels typically decline at a rate of about 1% per year during midlife.

Question 7

From middle adulthood onward,women lose about what percentage of their bone mass?

Accepted Answer

Women lose about 50% of their bone mass from middle adulthood onward due to decreased levels of estrogen.

Question 8

By age 40 years,many individuals in midlife experience sleep problems.What are the consequences? Adults in midlife are ____.

Accepted Answer

By age 40, individuals in midlife experience a decrease in slow wave (deepest type) sleep, leading to difficulty staying asleep and feeling refreshed in the morning.

Answer: C 
 While midlife sleep problems may lead to feeling tired and fatigued during the day, there is no evidence to suggest that individuals in midlife are more likely to fall asleep on the job.

Answer: D 
 The consequences of midlife sleep problems do not include a decrease in bone density.

Question 9

What is a risk factor for osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

Smoking is a risk factor for osteoporosis. Smoking can reduce bone density and increase the risk of fractures. The other choices (A, C, and D) are not risk factors for osteoporosis, and in fact, eating soy-based foods and exercising can actually help prevent osteoporosis while obesity can increase the risk for certain health conditions but not necessarily osteoporosis.

Question 10

How often do health authorities recommend that women over 50 have their bone density checked?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How often do health authorities recommend that...

Question 11

Your grandmother is a 56-year-old smoker and just read an article concerning osteoporosis.The article did not really cover much,just stated that the likelihood of osteoporosis increases with age.What would you say to her about her risk factor? She should ____.

Accepted Answer

Smoking is a significant risk factor for osteoporosis. Yearly bone density checks can help her monitor her bone health, and quitting smoking can significantly reduce her risk of developing osteoporosis. Drinking milk and starting an exercise routine can also be helpful, but alone would not be enough to mitigate the risks associated with smoking.

Question 12

Your 59-year-old uncle is convinced that he will have osteoporosis.He is in good health and is quite active.What would you tell him?

Accepted Answer

The statement "Only 20% of individuals with osteoporosis are male" suggests that it is not very likely that the uncle will have osteoporosis. Additionally, the fact that he is in good health and quite active further decreases the likelihood of developing osteoporosis.

Question 13

What is unique to human females during midlife that does not happen to any other primate species?

Accepted Answer

Menopause is unique to human females during midlife and does not happen to any other primate species. Menopause is the cessation of menstrual periods and is believed to be an adaptation that allows females to allocate more resources toward their existing offspring rather than continuing to have more children.

Question 14

Which of the following is the leading cause of death for adults worldwide?

Accepted Answer

According to the World Health Organization, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for adults worldwide, accounting for 31% of global deaths. Starvation and war are not among the top causes of death, and while cancer is a major cause of death, it is not the leading cause.

Question 15

What is a problem that is commonly experienced by individuals in midlife who are obese,have cardiovascular disease,or who are depressed?

Accepted Answer

Sleep problems are commonly experienced by individuals in midlife who are obese, have cardiovascular disease, or who are depressed. Obesity and cardiovascular disease can cause sleep apnea, insomnia, and snoring. Depression can lead to an inability to fall or stay asleep, as well as hypersomnia (excessive sleepiness). Therefore, C is the best choice. Heart palpitations and low levels of dopamine are potential symptoms of these conditions, but they are not as commonly experienced as sleep problems.

Question 16

Which of the following pairs of individuals have a higher concordance rate of osteoporosis than the rest?

Accepted Answer

Monozygotic twins have identical genetic makeups, so if one twin has osteoporosis, the likelihood of the other twin developing it as well is higher compared to dizygotic twins, who have different genetic makeups. Biological sisters also share genetics, but their concordance rate may be lower due to differences in environmental factors (such as diet and lifestyle habits). Adopted sisters have no genetic relation, so their concordance rate would not be impacted by genetics.

Question 17

In what condition do the bones become thin and brittle as a result of rapid calcium depletion?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis is a condition where the bones become thin and brittle due to the rapid depletion of calcium in the bones. It is commonly seen in older women and can lead to an increased risk of fractures. Calciumemia is not a medical condition, ossicle depletion and phosphoritis are not known medical terms.

Question 18

Medical authorities recommend ____ of sleep per night as optimal,but among midlife adults in the United States,more than ____ report receiving less than 7 hours of sleep at least occasionally.

Accepted Answer

Medical authorities recommend 7-9 hours of sleep per night as optimal, which is only stated in option C. Among midlife adults in the United States, one-fourth report receiving less than 7 hours of sleep at least occasionally, which is also only stated in option C. Therefore, option C is the best choice.

Question 19

Your father,who is 45 years old,has recently been discussing the desire to father another child.He is worried that he will not able to do so even though he and your mother are strongly considering it.What would you tell him regarding his ability to father another child? He should _____.

Accepted Answer

While fertility declines with age, men are typically able to father children well into their 50s or even 60s. It is recommended, however, that older men interested in fathering a child speak with a healthcare provider about their fertility and consider the risks that can come with age, such as an increased chance of genetic abnormalities in the child. Overall, it is not impossible for a 45-year-old man to father a child and he should consider starting the process if it is something he and his partner desire.

Question 20

During middle adulthood,which of the following are factors related to sleep disturbances and sleep disorders?

Accepted Answer

Obesity, cardiovascular disease, and depression have all been linked to sleep disturbances and sleep disorders in middle adulthood. Arthritis, jaundice, diabetes, restless legs syndrome, myopic vision, hypertension, anxiety, eczema, and psoriasis are not as strongly correlated with sleep issues during this life stage.

Quiz 11: Middle Adulthood

Eighty percent of people who are diagnosed with osteoporosis are women.What is the simple explanation for this phenomenon?

Your 46-year-old uncle is about 60 pounds overweight and is having difficulty sleeping at night.If he were interested in your advice,you could tell him that ____.

Evolutionary biologist Jared Diamond (1992) hypothesized that the danger that childbirth poses to human mothers,and the danger that a mother's death poses to human children,were related to what characteristically human experience?

In what condition do the bones become thin and brittle as a result of rapid calcium depletion?

How many hours of sleep do medical authorities recommend getting each night?

At what rate do testosterone levels decline during midlife?

From middle adulthood onward,women lose about what percentage of their bone mass?

By age 40 years,many individuals in midlife experience sleep problems.What are the consequences? Adults in midlife are ____.

What is a risk factor for osteoporosis?

How often do health authorities recommend that women over 50 have their bone density checked?

Your grandmother is a 56-year-old smoker and just read an article concerning osteoporosis.The article did not really cover much,just stated that the likelihood of osteoporosis increases with age.What would you say to her about her risk factor? She should ____.

Your 59-year-old uncle is convinced that he will have osteoporosis.He is in good health and is quite active.What would you tell him?

What is unique to human females during midlife that does not happen to any other primate species?

Which of the following is the leading cause of death for adults worldwide?

What is a problem that is commonly experienced by individuals in midlife who are obese,have cardiovascular disease,or who are depressed?

Which of the following pairs of individuals have a higher concordance rate of osteoporosis than the rest?

In what condition do the bones become thin and brittle as a result of rapid calcium depletion?

Medical authorities recommend of sleep per night as optimal,but among midlife adults in the United States,more than report receiving less than 7 hours of sleep at least occasionally.

Your father,who is 45 years old,has recently been discussing the desire to father another child.He is worried that he will not able to do so even though he and your mother are strongly considering it.What would you tell him regarding his ability to father another child? He should _____.

During middle adulthood,which of the following are factors related to sleep disturbances and sleep disorders?