Question 1

The nurse is discussing the long-term care of a child with cystic fibrosis (CF) with the parents. Which goals should the nurse include in this plan?. Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The long-term care of a child with CF should focus on prevention of infection, improvement of nutrition, and making the child's life as normal as possible. Antibiotic therapy is used as a treatment for CF, but not as a cure. There are no commonly associated neurologic complications with CF.

Question 2

A patient diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has a pulse oximetry reading of 86%, polycythemia, increase in WBC bands count, temperature of 101° F, pulse 100, respirations 35, and a chest X-ray showing evidence of a flattened diaphragm with infiltrates. Which physician order would the nurse for this patient?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary...

Question 3

A nurse is discussing cystic fibrosis (CF) with a group of young adults who have the disease. What information should the nurse provide about sexuality and reproduction?. Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Men with CF often have congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens, leading to infertility. D) CF is an autosomal recessive disorder, meaning a child must inherit two copies of the faulty gene to have the disease. If one parent has CF, their children will at least be carriers. E) Women with CF may experience infertility due to thick cervical mucus or other factors related to the disease.

Question 4

The nurse would anticipate alpha-1 antitrypsin (ATT) levels to be drawn on all patients ______ years of age or younger who demonstrate assessment findings of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse would anticipate alpha-1 antitrypsin (ATT)...

Question 5

A patient presents with findings suggestive of pulmonary embolism. The D-dimer test is negative. How does the nurse interpret this finding?

Accepted Answer

A negative D-dimer test alone does not rule out pulmonary embolism, but it does suggest that the likelihood of pulmonary embolism is lower. However, additional testing, such as imaging studies, is necessary to confirm or rule out pulmonary embolism.

Question 6

A patient diagnosed with a pulmonary embolism has been started on heparin therapy. The patient asks, "How long before the medicine dissolves my clot?" How should the nurse respond?

Accepted Answer

Heparin is used to prevent further clotting while the body's natural clot-dissolving process (fibrinolysis) breaks down the existing clot. The amount of time it takes for the clot to dissolve varies depending on its size and location, but heparin does not directly dissolve the clot itself.

Question 7

During pulmonary function tests, a patient with asthma is found to have approximately 500 mL of air moving in and out of the lungs during normal, quiet breathing. How would the nurse document this result?

Accepted Answer

Tidal volume refers to the amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs during normal, quiet breathing. It is typically around 500 mL, which is the result described in the question.

Question 8

When preparing a patient for a pulmonary function test, which instruction should the nurse provide?

Accepted Answer

The nurse should instruct the patient that they will wear a nose clip during the test to ensure accurate results. Sedation or antinausea medication would not be appropriate for this type of test, and providing oxygen after the test would depend on the individual patient's needs.

Question 9

The nurse is developing handouts for a community educational session about lung cancer. Which information should the nurse include in this material?. Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The nurse should include information on common symptoms of lung cancer, including coughing and hoarseness. It is also important to note that small-cell lung cancer is almost always found in smokers. Option A is incorrect as many lung cancers are actually detected through routine screening in high-risk populations. Option E is also incorrect as treatment depends on the type and stage of the lung cancer, not just its association with smoking.

Question 10

A child with recurrent respiratory infection is being evaluated for cystic fibrosis. The nurse explains to the parents that diagnosis is based on history and two sweat chloride tests equal to or over ______ mEq/L.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A child with recurrent respiratory infection is...

Question 11

Which health promotion information should the nurse provide to the patient newly diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?. Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Smoking cessation is essential in COPD, so the nurse should provide information about resources to help the patient quit smoking. Flu shots are recommended for patients with COPD because they are at a higher risk of developing serious complications from the flu. Enclosed areas with large groups of people can increase the risk of respiratory infections, so the patient should avoid them. Extreme hot or cold weather can trigger COPD symptoms, so the patient should limit time outside during these conditions. However, choice C is incorrect because high pollen counts can worsen COPD symptoms and the patient should avoid exposure.

Question 12

A patient diagnosed with a femur fracture is experiencing sudden dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, syncope with movement, cyanosis, tachycardia, and tachypnea. What should be the nurse's first action?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient diagnosed with a femur fracture...

Question 13

The nurse would identify which nursing diagnoses as appropriate for a 10-year-old patient just diagnosed with cystic fibrosis?. Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse would identify which nursing diagnoses...

Question 14

Which topics would be appropriate to instruct a patient diagnosed with occupational lung disease?. Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which topics would be appropriate to instruct...

Quiz 27: Caring for the Patient With Lower Airway Disorders