Question 1

According to the START system,what colour category would a patient be assigned if he or she arrived and was experiencing shock?

Accepted Answer

The START system categorizes patients based on their level of injury and urgency of treatment. Patients experiencing shock, which is a life-threatening condition, would be assigned to the Red category indicating that they require immediate attention and intervention from medical personnel.

Question 2

How many litres of drinking water would be required for a family of four to be prepared for an emergency?

Accepted Answer

The general rule of thumb is to have at least one gallon (3.8 liters) of water per person per day for a minimum of three days in case of an emergency. For a family of four, this would amount to a minimum of 12 gallons (45.4 liters) of water, which is equivalent to approximately 24 litres. Therefore, the best choice is C.

Question 3

When using START,which colour triage tag would the nurse place on a patient who has an open fracture of the femur?

Accepted Answer

In the START triage system, a yellow tag is used for patients who have serious but not immediately life-threatening injuries, such as an open fracture of the femur. These patients require observation and hospital care but can wait a short time for treatment.

Question 4

Which of the following is true of a disaster?

Accepted Answer

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Question 5

A mass casualty incident is an example of which type of disaster?

Accepted Answer

A mass casualty incident is considered an external disaster because it originates outside the healthcare facility and impacts the facility's ability to operate by overwhelming it with a sudden influx of patients.

Question 6

Following a national disaster,which government agency is responsible for providing safe drinking water and supportive medical services?

Accepted Answer

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Question 7

The incident management system (IMS)used in Canada is based on the incident command system that was developed as a result of which event?

Accepted Answer

The incident command system was developed as a result of the devastating wildfires in California in the 1970s. The IMS used in Canada is based on this system, which has been standardized and adopted by many emergency management agencies globally.

Question 8

What is the primary function of the incident command centre?

Accepted Answer

The primary function of the incident command center is to provide a central point for decision-making during an incident or emergency. It helps coordinate the efforts of all responding agencies and ensures effective communication and efficient use of resources.

Answer: D
 Organizing the efforts of all first responders to avoid duplication is one of the key functions of the incident command center. By coordinating the actions of the responding agencies, the center can ensure that resources are used efficiently, and the response is effective. The center also helps to establish clear objectives and priorities for the responding agencies.

Question 9

When using START,which colour triage tag would the nurse place on a patient who has massive head trauma?

Accepted Answer

In the START triage system, a black tag is used for patients who are deceased or have injuries so severe that survival is unlikely, such as massive head trauma.

Question 10

An acute care centre is testing its emergency plan.During which phase of emergency management does this event occur?

Accepted Answer

Testing emergency plans falls under the phase of Preparedness in emergency management. This phase involves activities such as planning, training, and testing emergency plans to ensure readiness in case of an actual emergency.

Question 11

Which of the following is the critical first step in emergency management?

Accepted Answer

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Question 12

What type of approach to disaster management would be used when dealing with a hurricane in southern Alberta?

Accepted Answer

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Question 13

The Canadian Red Cross advises individuals to be self-sufficient in case of an emergency.This advice is related to being able to provide for one's needs for how many hours?

Accepted Answer

The Canadian Red Cross advises individuals to be self-sufficient for at least 72 hours in case of an emergency. This includes having enough food, water, medications, and other essentials to sustain oneself and one's family for at least three days. It's essential to have an emergency kit ready that can be quickly accessed in case of an emergency.

Question 14

Assessment of a patient in the emergency department reveals the following: hemoptysis,cough,temperature of 41°C,headache and lymph node enlargement.Based upon these findings,what does the nurse suspect as a diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described, including hemoptysis (coughing up blood), cough, high fever (temperature of 41°C), headache, and lymph node enlargement, are indicative of plague, especially pneumonic plague, which affects the lungs and can present with respiratory symptoms and high fever.

Question 15

Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis)can be spread in several forms.Which one is the least lethal?

Accepted Answer

Cutaneous anthrax is the least lethal form of anthrax. It is contracted through the skin and is the most common form of anthrax worldwide. Symptoms include itchy bumps or blisters that develop into a painless ulcer with a black center. With proper treatment, cutaneous anthrax has a mortality rate of less than 1%. Inhalation anthrax is the most lethal form, with a mortality rate of up to 90% without treatment. Ingestion and injection anthrax are also serious forms of the disease.

Question 16

The Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START)system is based on all of the clinical indicators except which one of the following?

Accepted Answer

The provision of the minimal 72-hour self-sufficient supplies is not a clinical indicator and is therefore not included in the START system. The other options (mental status, perfusion, ability to respond) are all considered in the START system for triaging patients in the event of a mass casualty incident.

Question 17

When planning the response to the potential use of smallpox as a biological weapon,the emergency department nurse manager will ensure that sufficient quantities of which of the following are available?

Accepted Answer

The vaccine for smallpox is the most important resource in the response to a potential smallpox bioterrorism attack. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent the spread of smallpox and can even be used as a treatment in those who were recently exposed to the virus. Blood, antitoxin, and antibiotics are not effective treatments or preventative measures for smallpox.

Question 18

When a communicable disease occurs among a cluster of individuals,what is this called?

Accepted Answer

An outbreak refers to a sudden increase in the number of cases of a particular disease in a specific geographic area or population group. It is usually limited in scope and can be contained with proper measures.

Answer A: An epidemic refers to a sudden increase in the number of cases of a particular disease in a larger geographic area or population group, often spanning multiple countries or continents.

Answer C: A pandemic refers to a global outbreak of a particular disease that spreads across multiple regions and continents, affecting a large proportion of the population.

Answer D: Mitigation refers to the efforts made to reduce the severity or impact of a communicable disease outbreak, such as through vaccination or social distancing measures, but it does not refer to the outbreak itself.

Question 19

Accountability for emergency planning and response in Canada is the responsibility of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

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Question 20

During a mass casualty incident,disaster triage in the hospital is completed in what time frame?

Accepted Answer

Disaster triage in a hospital setting during a mass casualty incident is designed to be very rapid, with the goal of assessing each patient within 15 seconds to quickly categorize their need for medical attention.

Quiz 72: Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Management