Question 1

When two species of stickleback fish each live in separate lakes, the two species are similar in shape, size, and the features of their gill rakers.When the two species inhabit the same lake, they differ in shape, size, and the number and length of their gill rakers.These morphological changes are examples of _______.

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Question 2

Rock nuthatches are small Eurasian birds that forage for insects and spiders on bare, rocky ground, and species occur either separately or in a common habitat.When two species exist separately, with no interspecies competition, their beaks are similar in length.But when they exist in the same habitat, one species has a longer-than-average beak and the other has a shorter-than-average beak.The latter situation is an example of _______ competition that has resulted in character displacement.

Accepted Answer

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Question 3

Larvae of moths called bagworms can eat a tremendous variety of plants; some species can consume leaves from more than 40 different host plant families.Bagworms are thus _______ herbivores.

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Question 4

When two species, such as Paramecium caudatum and P.bursaria, live in a limited environment and share resources, enabling both to coexist, their populations level off and both eventually reach their _______ for that environment.

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Question 5

If the removal of a predator results in expansion of a spider's range, it is likely that the spider's _______ niche is larger than its realized niche in the presence of predators.

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Question 6

The protist that causes malaria and the various viruses that cause influenza are examples of microparasites that are also _______.

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Question 7

As their name suggests, stick insects ("walking sticks") strongly resemble sticks or twigs, which their predators consider inedible.The term for this method of avoiding detection by predators is _______.

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Question 8

Many animals, particularly insects, have a strong mutualism with flowering plants.The animal benefits by receiving food (pollen or nectar), while the plant benefits from _______.

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Question 9

Rain forest trees provide habitats for many other kinds of organisms, including epiphytes, vines, insects, birds, and arboreal animals such as monkeys.Usually, interactions between the trees and these animals can be classified as _______.

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Question 10

The spines of a cactus and the deadly chemicals produced by the foxglove are examples of plant defenses against _______.

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Question 11

In the rain forest, many plants are prevented from growing on the forest floor because sunlight does not reach to the ground.For these plants, sunlight is a _______.

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Question 12

When two populations of flour beetles, the red flour beetle and the confused flour beetle, occur together in the same bag of flour, the red flour beetle population usually increases and the confused flour beetle population dwindles to extinction.This type of outcome between species that use the same limited resource is called _______.

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Question 13

Taxonomically, most of the world's herbivores are _______.

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Question 14

Many frogs, sea slugs, and other prey animals are brightly colored or have striking color patterns that advertise their toxic nature.They are using a method of prey defense that involves use of a _______ signal.

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Question 15

A stressful environment, such as a desert, will likely have a high proportion of ecological interactions that are _______ (positive/negative/neutral).

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Question 16

A bird eats cherry seeds but does not digest the seeds.It excretes the seeds at some distance from the cherry tree, where they then germinate.This type of interaction is _______.

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Question 17

Two species of aphids compete for the same resource, and neither species directly interferes with the other species.This is an example of both exploitation competition and _______ competition.

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Question 18

Because they live outside their hosts, ticks are not only macroparasites but also _______.

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Question 19

In the exchange between plants and frugivores, frugivores benefit by receiving food, and plants benefit from _______.

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Question 20

Both the great biochemical diversity of flowering plants and the tremendous diversity of herbivorous insects can be explained by their _______ adaptations.

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Quiz 55: Species Interactions