Question 1

In the embryonic stage,what is the term for the outer layer that will form skin,hair,teeth,sense organs,the brain,and the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

The ectoderm is the outermost layer of cells in the embryonic stage and is responsible for forming the skin, hair, teeth, sense organs, the brain, and the spinal cord. The placenta is an organ that develops during pregnancy and serves to connect the developing fetus to the uterine wall to provide nutrients and oxygen. The endoderm is the innermost layer of cells in the embryonic stage and forms the lining of the digestive and respiratory systems. The mesoderm is the middle layer of cells and forms the muscles, bones, blood vessels, and reproductive organs.

Question 2

The first,and the shortest,stage of the prenatal period is called the ______ stage.

Accepted Answer

The germinal stage is the first stage of prenatal development that begins at conception and lasts for about two weeks. During this stage, the fertilized egg undergoes rapid cell division and eventually forms a blastocyst which implants into the uterine wall. This stage ends when the blastocyst is fully implanted.

Question 3

In the embryonic stage,the nervous system begins to function around the ___ week,and weak brain waves begin to be produced.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the embryonic stage,the nervous system begins...

Question 4

In the embryonic stage,what is the term for the layer that forms the muscles,bones,blood,and circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

The mesoderm is the layer of the embryo that forms the muscles, bones, blood, and circulatory system. The ectoderm forms the skin, nervous system, and sensory organs, while the endoderm forms the digestive and respiratory systems. The placenta is an organ that connects the developing fetus to the mother's uterine wall for nutrient and waste exchange.

Question 5

Along with schizophrenia,all of the psychological disorders below have been shown to be related,at least in part,to genetic factors.Which of the following disorders is likely to have a genetic factor,according to the text?

Accepted Answer

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been shown to have a genetic component, with studies indicating that it can run in families.

Question 6

In the embryonic stage,what is the term for the inner layer that produces the digestive system,liver,pancreas,and respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

The endoderm is the innermost layer of cells in the embryonic stage and it gives rise to the digestive system, liver, pancreas, and respiratory system. The ectoderm forms the skin and nervous system while the mesoderm forms the muscles, bones, and circulatory system. The placenta is an organ that develops from both maternal and fetal tissues and helps provide nutrients and support to the developing embryo/fetus.

Question 7

An adult male typically produces several _____ sperm per day.

Accepted Answer

An adult male typically produces around 100 million sperm per day.

Question 8

In the embryonic stage,every part of the body is formed from ____ layers.

Accepted Answer

In the embryonic stage, every part of the body is formed from three layers: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. These layers give rise to all the different tissues and organs in the body. The ectoderm forms the nervous system, skin, and hair. The mesoderm forms the muscles, bones, and connective tissues. The endoderm forms the lining of the digestive tract and other internal organs.

Question 9

What is the process by which a sperm and an ovum join to form a single new cell?

Accepted Answer

The process by which a sperm and an ovum join to form a single new cell is called fertilization.

Question 10

A conduit between the mother and fetus,this organ provides nourishment and oxygen via the umbilical cord.

Accepted Answer

The placenta is the organ that connects the mother's uterus to the developing fetus via the umbilical cord. It provides nutrients and oxygen to the fetus and removes waste products. The amniotic sac contains the amniotic fluid that surrounds the fetus and protects it from external forces. Ectoderm and endoderm are germ layers during early embryonic development that give rise to various tissues and organs in the body but are not directly involved in the functioning of the placenta.

Question 11

What is the name of the period from 2 to 8 weeks following fertilization during which significant growth occurs in the major organs and body systems?

Accepted Answer

The period from 2 to 8 weeks following fertilization is known as the embryonic stage. During this time, the zygote starts to divide and form the major organs and body systems. This is a crucial period of development and any disruptions or abnormalities can lead to birth defects or miscarriage.

Question 12

Research indicates that a monozygotic twin has almost a ____ risk of developing schizophrenia when the other twin develops the disorder.

Accepted Answer

Research shows that if one monozytic (identical) twin develops schizophrenia, the other twin has about a 50% chance of developing the disorder as well. This high concordance rate suggests a significant genetic component to the risk of schizophrenia.

Question 13

In the embryonic stage,the brain begins to undergo rapid development,which causes the head to represent about ____ of the total length of the embryo.

Accepted Answer

During the embryonic stage of development, the brain experiences rapid growth and allows the head to represent approximately 50% of the total length of the embryo. This is known as cephalization and is a characteristic feature of all vertebrates during embryonic development.

Question 14

The developmental psychologist ________ speculated that the underlying temperament of a given society,determined genetically,may predispose people in that society toward a particular philosophy.

Accepted Answer

The statement is referring to the theory of Jerome Kagan, who proposed the concept of "temperamentally based" cultural differences. Kagan suggested that certain genetic dispositions in individuals may lead to differences in cultural values and beliefs within societies.

Question 15

An 8-week-old embryo is only ___ inch(es)long with what appear to be gills and a tail-like structure,as well as rudimentary eyes,nose,lips,teeth,and stubby bulges that will form into arms and legs.

Accepted Answer

At 8 weeks, an embryo is only 1 inch long with the described features. None of the other answer choices match this description.

Question 16

Females are born with around _______ ova located in the two ovaries.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Females are born with around _______ ova...

Question 17

From puberty until menopause,a female will ovulate about every ____ days.

Accepted Answer

The menstrual cycle typically lasts 28 days, with ovulation occurring around day 14. However, it is important to note that cycle length can vary and may range from 21 to 35 days.

Question 18

Which developmental psychologist endorses the idea that genetic endowment provided to children by their parents not only determines their genetic characteristics,but also actively influences their environment?

Accepted Answer

Scarr endorses the idea that genetic endowment provided to children not only determines their genetic characteristics but also actively influences their environment, which in turn affects their developmental outcomes. This idea is known as genotype-environment interaction.

Question 19

Three days after fertilization,the organism consists of some ___ cells,and by the next day the number doubles.

Accepted Answer

Three days after fertilization, the organism consists of 8 cells (2^3). By the next day, the number of cells doubles to 16 (2^4). This means that the correct answer is B) 32, which represents the number of cells two days after the initial 8-cell stage.

Question 20

During the germinal stage,the fertilized egg is now called a(n)___________ and travels toward the uterus,where it becomes implanted in the uterus's wall.

Accepted Answer

During the germinal stage, the fertilized egg goes through multiple cell divisions and becomes a blastocyst. The blastocyst then travels toward the uterus and implants itself in the uterine wall. An ovum is a mature egg cell, sperm is the male reproductive cell, and fetus refers to the developing organism after the embryonic stage. Therefore, the best choice is D - blastocyst.

Quiz 2: The Start of Life: Prenatal Development