Question 1

When a strike is called because two unions are in dispute as to whose workers deserve the work, it known as a ________ strike.

Accepted Answer

A jurisdictional strike is called when two unions are in dispute over which union's workers should be doing the work. Featherbedding refers to the practice of requiring more workers than necessary for a job, recognitional strikes are called when a union is seeking official recognition from an employer, and rolling strikes involve workers in different locations or industries participating in the strike at different times.

Question 2

The zipper clause is also known as a ________ clause.

Accepted Answer

The zipper clause is commonly referred to as a wrap-up clause because it is used to "wrap up" or cover any remaining terms or issues that may arise in a contract. It is typically included at the end of the contract and serves as a catch-all provision that addresses any other matters that may not have been specifically discussed or agreed upon.

Question 3

During ________, a union exerts economic pressure on a neutral party indirectly related to the primary employer. The neutral party then exerts pressure against the primary employer.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of a secondary boycott, where the union targets a neutral party (such as a supplier or customer of the primary employer) to put pressure on the primary employer indirectly. This tactic is often seen as controversial and has been subject to legal restrictions in some countries, such as the United States. The other options listed do not involve indirect economic pressure on a third party. A lockout is when the employer prevents employees from entering the workplace, featherbedding is the practice of requiring unnecessary workers, and a wildcat strike is an unauthorized strike that is not approved by the union leadership.

Question 4

Employees have no statutory right to use an employer's bulletin board.

Accepted Answer

While employers may choose to provide bulletin boards for employee use, there is no legal obligation for them to do so. Therefore, employees do not have a statutory right to use an employer's bulletin board.

Question 5

________ is a practice where union officials pressure organizers into disclosing sensitive personal information. This information is recorded on a piece of paper and then the organizers are strongly urged to tell their personal stories of abuse or neglect to workers they were trying to organize in order to gain their support.

Accepted Answer

The practice described is known as "pink sheeting," a tactic where union officials pressure organizers into disclosing personal information and then use that information to pressure the organizer into sharing personal stories of abuse or neglect with workers they are trying to organize. This is meant to gain the support of workers through the emotional appeal of the organizer's personal story.

Question 6

If an employer implements a no-solicitation policy for employees during work or non-work hours then it will not be considered an unfair labor practice if that policy extends to all types of solicitation.

Accepted Answer

As long as the no-solicitation policy applies to all types of solicitation and not just union-related solicitation, it is not considered an unfair labor practice. This has been established in various court cases and rulings by the National Labor Relations Board.

Question 7

A ________ strike refers to an economic strike conducted by a minority of the workers without the approval of the union and in violation of a no-strike clause in an existing contract.

Accepted Answer

A wildcat strike is an unauthorized strike by workers who have not been authorized by the union to strike, and who may not have the legal right to strike under an existing contract. They can occur when workers are dissatisfied with union leadership or when negotiations with management have broken down.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true regarding an opener clause?

Accepted Answer

An opener clause is an agreement provision that allows future negotiations during the term of the contract on specific mandatory issues such as wages or health care. It opens up the possibility of negotiating on certain issues even though they were not initially discussed during contract negotiations.

Question 9

Most contracts contain a ________ clause that protects the rest of the contract should one section come into conflict with state or federal law.

Accepted Answer

A severability clause, also known as a savings clause, allows for the rest of the contract to remain valid even if one portion is found to be in conflict with the law. This protects the overall intent of the contract and ensures that the parties involved are still bound by the remaining terms.

Question 10

Which of the following is the most common form of concerted activity?

Accepted Answer

Strikes are the most common form of concerted activity. This is when a group of employees refuse to work in order to put pressure on their employer to meet their demands. Lockouts are the opposite, where the employer prevents employees from working. Surface bargaining is a tactic used by employers to give the appearance of negotiation without actually making any meaningful concessions. Dual-motive discrimination refers to a situation where an employer's decision is motivated by both discriminatory and nondiscriminatory reasons.

Question 11

During a negotiation, in which of the following situations can an employer bypass the union and communicate the offer directly to the employees?

Accepted Answer

The answer of During a negotiation, in which of the...

Question 12

What is a hot cargo agreement?

Accepted Answer

A hot cargo agreement is a provision in a collective bargaining agreement that allows union members to refuse to handle goods or materials from another employer who is involved in a labor dispute. This provision is intended to support the strike efforts of other unions or to pressure the employer to recognize a union. This type of agreement is prohibited by the National Labor Relations Act, except in limited circumstances, such as when it is used to protect employees from unsafe working conditions.

Question 13

Which of the following indicates bad-faith bargaining on the part of an employer?

Accepted Answer

Refusing to make counter-proposals is a sign of bad-faith bargaining because it indicates a lack of willingness to engage in the give-and-take process that is fundamental to negotiations.

Question 14

The ________ clause is a provision of a collective bargaining agreement that restricts either party from requiring the other party to bargain on any issue that was not previously negotiated in the agreement for the term of the contract.

Accepted Answer

The "zipper" clause is a provision in a collective bargaining agreement that prevents either party from reopening negotiations on any issue that was already discussed and agreed upon during the term of the agreement. It keeps the negotiations "zipped up" and prevents unexpected surprises or changes during the term of the contract.

Question 15

According to the NLRA, employees are allowed to solicit support for a union from their fellow employees during working times.

Accepted Answer

The National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) generally allows employees to solicit support for a union during non-working times, such as breaks or lunch hours, but not during working times.

Question 16

A partial strike involves ________.

Accepted Answer

A partial strike involves work slowdowns or refusal to work overtime, where employees may still come to work but perform their duties at a slower pace or not perform certain tasks. It is a common tactic used by unions as a way to put pressure on the employer without completely ceasing all work. Takeover of the employer's property (A) would be considered a more extreme action and not typically associated with a partial strike. Striking without union approval (C) and calling in sick (D) are also not traditional forms of a partial strike.

Question 17

Appeals to replacement workers or delivery people not to cross a picket line or appeals to employees of subcontractors not to continue work essential to the operation are examples of activities included in a ________.

Accepted Answer

The activities described refer to a primary boycott, which is a form of boycott in which people refuse to buy or use the products or services of a company directly involved in a labor dispute. A lockout is a situation in which employers prevent employees from working, a wildcat strike is an unauthorized strike not endorsed by the union leadership, and a sickout is a form of protest in which employees call in sick en masse.

Question 18

According to the NLRA, distribution of union literature at the workplace is not restricted in anyway.

Accepted Answer

The National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) allows for the distribution of union literature at the workplace, but it can be restricted by employers under certain conditions, such as during work hours or in work areas, to ensure it does not interfere with normal business operations.

Question 19

Which of the following types of strikes involves a union trying to pressure the employer to make work for union members through the limitation of production, increasing the amount of work to be performed, or other make-work arrangements?

Accepted Answer

Featherbedding strikes involve an effort by the union to create more work for its members, often by limiting productivity or creating excessive job requirements, rather than addressing specific workplace or contract issues.

Question 20

Actions that thinterfere, restrain, or coerce employees in the exercise of their right to unionize or not to unionize are considered unfair labor practices.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true according to the National Labor Relations Act. Employers are prohibited from interfering with employees' rights to unionize or engage in other protected concerted activities, and any such interference is considered an unfair labor practice.

Quiz 10: Unfair Labor Practices and Contract Enforcement