Question 1

Linda sees a sign on a farmer's fence that reads: HELP ME PICK STRAWBERRIES FOR EVERY 5 QUARTS YOU PICK,KEEP ONE FOR YOURSELF.If Linda decides to pick strawberries for this farmer,she would be under a _______ schedule of reinforcement.
A)fixed interval
B)fixed ratio
C)variable interval
D)variable ratio

Accepted Answer

The scenario describes a fixed ratio (FR) schedule of reinforcement where a specific number of responses (picking 5 quarts of strawberries) is required before receiving a reinforcement (keeping 1 quart of strawberries for oneself).

Question 2

On a variable-interval schedule,reinforcement is given _______.
A)for the first correct response after a specific amount of time has passed
B)for correct responses after randomly varying amounts of time have passed
C)after a specific number of responses are given
D)after a randomly varying number of responses are given

Accepted Answer

On a variable-interval schedule, reinforcement is given for correct responses after randomly varying amounts of time have passed. This schedule tends to produce steady responding because the individual cannot predict when the next reinforcement will be given, so they must continue to engage in the behavior in order to receive reinforcement.

Question 3

Five-year-old Tommy is helping get ready for a family reunion at Thanksgiving by polishing the good silverware.If his mother gives him a dime for each piece he polishes,what kind of reinforcement schedule is she using?
A)fixed interval
B)fixed ratio
C)variable interval
D)variable ratio

Accepted Answer

A fixed ratio reinforcement schedule is used when a specific number of responses must occur before reinforcement is given. In this case, the reinforcement (dime) is given for each piece of silverware polished, so a fixed ratio schedule is being used.

Question 4

An example of a behavior that is learned through operant conditioning is _____________.
A)blinking in response to a flash of light
B)studying in order to get a teacher's approval
C)sneezing in response to dust
D)pulling one's hand away from a flame

Accepted Answer

Studying in order to get a teacher's approval is an example of behavior learned through operant conditioning because the behavior (studying) is reinforced by the positive outcome (teacher's approval).

Question 5

An infant who is fed every four hours is on a schedule that is SIMILAR to which of the following?
A)fixed ratio
B)variable ratio
C)fixed interval
D)variable interval

Accepted Answer

The infant being fed every four hours is on a fixed interval schedule, as the feeding occurs at a consistent time interval. Fixed ratio (A) refers to a set number of responses being required before reinforcement, variable ratio (B) refers to reinforcement being delivered after a varying number of responses, and variable interval (D) refers to reinforcement being delivered after a varying amount of time has passed.

Question 6

On a variable-ratio schedule,reinforcement is given _______.
A)for the first correct response after a specific amount of time has passed
B)for correct responses after randomly varying amounts of time have passed
C)after a specific number of responses are given
D)after a randomly varying number of responses are given

Accepted Answer

On a variable-ratio schedule, reinforcement is given after a randomly varying number of responses are given. This means that a certain number of responses must be made before reinforcement is given, but the exact number varies on each occasion. This type of schedule is often used in gambling and can be very effective in maintaining behavior because the subject is never sure when the reinforcement will be given.

Question 7

Abigail is trying to figure out how she can BEST use employee pay to shape her employees' behavior.She is interested in short-term productivity (speed),not consistency,long-term productivity,or employee turnover.According to reinforcement theory,she should probably use a _______ schedule.
A)fixed-ratio
B)fixed-interval
C)variable-ratio
D)variable-interval

Accepted Answer

The answer of Abigail is trying to figure out how...

Question 8

Your professor has informed you at the beginning of the term that you will have eight tests--but they will all be unannounced.This is most similar to a _______ reinforcement schedule.
A)fixed interval
B)fixed ratio
C)variable interval
D)variable ratio

Accepted Answer

A fixed interval reinforcement schedule is based on a specific time interval, such as receiving a paycheck every two weeks. A fixed ratio reinforcement schedule is based on a specific number of responses, such as receiving a bonus for every 10 sales made. A variable ratio reinforcement schedule is based on an unpredictable number of responses, such as playing a slot machine. However, a variable interval reinforcement schedule is based on an unpredictable amount of time passing before reinforcement is given. In this scenario, the unannounced tests could happen at any time during the term, but there is no set interval or set number of responses required. Therefore, it is most similar to a variable interval reinforcement schedule.

Question 9

On a fixed-interval schedule,reinforcement is given ________.
A)for the first correct response after a specific amount of time has passed
B)for correct responses after randomly varying amounts of time have passed
C)after a specific number of responses are given
D)after a randomly varying number of responses are given

Accepted Answer

On a fixed-interval schedule, reinforcement is given for the first correct response after a specific amount of time has passed.

Question 10

Scott works at a job where he is paid a salary every 2 weeks.Scott is being reinforced on a _______ schedule.
A)fixed-ratio
B)fixed-interval
C)variable-ratio
D)variable-interval

Accepted Answer

Scott is receiving his salary on a fixed interval schedule, which means he is being reinforced after a fixed amount of time has passed (every 2 weeks).

Question 11

Abigail is trying to figure out how she can BEST use employee pay to shape her employees' behavior.She is worried about consistent behavior,not speed.Therefore,she is interested in getting a slow but steady rate of response from her workers.According to reinforcement principles,she should probably use a ________ schedule.
A)fixed-ratio
B)fixed-interval
C)variable-ratio
D)variable-interval

Accepted Answer

The answer of Abigail is trying to figure out how...

Question 12

Sandy's favorite activity is to go to Las Vegas and play the slot machines.Her gambling behavior is being reinforced on a _______ schedule.
A)fixed-ratio
B)fixed-interval
C)variable-ratio
D)variable-interval

Accepted Answer

Variable-ratio schedules are the most effective in maintaining high rates of behavior. In this type of schedule, reinforcement is unpredictable and occurs after an average number of responses. Slot machines operate on a variable-ratio schedule, as the player does not know when they will win the jackpot, but they continue to play due to the possibility of winning big. Fixed-ratio schedules provide reinforcement after a specific number of responses, such as receiving a free drink after buying 5 drinks. Fixed-interval schedules provide reinforcement after a fixed amount of time has passed, such as receiving a paycheck every two weeks. Variable-interval schedules provide reinforcement after an unpredictable amount of time has passed, such as receiving praise from a boss at random intervals.

Question 13

Which schedule of reinforcement reinforces the first correct response after a constant interval of time has elapsed?
A)fixed ratio
B)variable ratio
C)fixed interval
D)variable interval

Accepted Answer

The schedule of reinforcement that reinforces the first correct response after a constant interval of time has elapsed is called a fixed interval schedule. This means that reinforcement is only given after a certain amount of time has passed since the last reinforcement, regardless of how many responses have been made in that time period. This schedule typically results in a low rate of responding immediately after reinforcement, but a higher rate of responding as the time for the next reinforcement approaches.

Question 14

The only vending machine in your dorm is notorious for delivering its merchandise only occasionally when people put money in it.This is most similar to a _______ schedule of reinforcement.
A)fixed interval
B)fixed ratio
C)variable interval
D)variable ratio

Accepted Answer

A variable ratio schedule of reinforcement delivers rewards after an unpredictable number of responses. This unpredictability is similar to the vending machine's occasional delivery of merchandise, making it most similar to a variable ratio schedule. Fixed interval and fixed ratio schedules involve predictable patterns, and a variable interval schedule involves time, not the number of responses.

Question 15

Perry works at a job where he is paid by commission.For every car Perry sells,he gets 10% of the profits.Perry is being reinforced on a _______ schedule.
A)fixed-ratio
B)fixed-interval
C)variable-ratio
D)variable-interval

Accepted Answer

The answer of Perry works at a job where he...

Question 16

On a fixed-ratio schedule,reinforcement is given ________.
A)for correct responses after randomly varying amounts of time have passed
B)after a specific number of responses are given
C)for the first correct response after a specific amount of time has passed
D)after a randomly varying number of responses are given

Accepted Answer

A fixed-ratio schedule provides reinforcement after a specific number of responses are given, as opposed to a variable-ratio schedule where reinforcement is given after a randomly varying number of responses. The other options describe different types of schedules (fixed-interval and variable-interval) or combinations of schedules (variable-interval and variable-ratio).

Question 17

A person receiving a monthly salary is on a:
A)continuous reinforcement schedule.
B)fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement.
C)fixed-interval schedule of reinforcement.
D)variable-ratio schedule of reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

The fact that the person's salary is given on a monthly basis makes it a fixed-interval schedule of reinforcement. This means that the reinforcement (salary) is provided after a fixed time interval (one month) has elapsed, regardless of how much work the person has done during that time.

Question 18

Gretta spends a lot of time at the race track betting on ponies,and occasionally she wins.The frequency of her betting is controlled by which of the following?
A)fixed ratio schedules
B)a continuous reinforcement schedule
C)a partial schedule of reinforcement
D)luck

Accepted Answer

Gretta's betting is not consistently rewarded (winning) every time, indicating that she is on a partial schedule of reinforcement. This means that she is not getting a reward every single time she bets, but rather intermittently, which has been shown to increase behavior and make it more resistant to extinction.

Question 19

A very high rate of responding is produced by a _______ schedule of reinforcement.
A)fixed interval
B)fixed ratio
C)variable interval
D)variable ratio

Accepted Answer

A variable ratio schedule of reinforcement produces the highest rate of responding because the reinforcement is delivered unpredictably based on the number of responses made. This creates a high level of motivation and persistence in the individual, as they are unsure when the reinforcement will be delivered and therefore continue to respond at a high rate.

Question 20

If Billy was praised every 4th time he collected rocks without throwing them,his behavior would be on which schedule of reinforcement?
A)variable ratio
B)fixed interval
C)fixed ratio
D)variable interval

Accepted Answer

In a fixed ratio schedule of reinforcement, a behavior is reinforced only after a specific number of responses have been made. In this scenario, Billy is praised every 4th time he collects rocks without throwing them, which is an example of a fixed ratio schedule.

Quiz 5: Learning

Linda sees a sign on a farmer's fence that reads: HELP ME PICK STRAWBERRIES FOR EVERY 5 QUARTS YOU PICK,KEEP ONE FOR YOURSELF.If Linda decides to pick strawberries for this farmer,she would be under a _______ schedule of reinforcement.

On a variable-interval schedule,reinforcement is given _______.

Five-year-old Tommy is helping get ready for a family reunion at Thanksgiving by polishing the good silverware.If his mother gives him a dime for each piece he polishes,what kind of reinforcement schedule is she using?

An example of a behavior that is learned through operant conditioning is _____________.

An infant who is fed every four hours is on a schedule that is SIMILAR to which of the following?

On a variable-ratio schedule,reinforcement is given _______.

Abigail is trying to figure out how she can BEST use employee pay to shape her employees' behavior.She is interested in short-term productivity (speed) ,not consistency,long-term productivity,or employee turnover.According to reinforcement theory,she should probably use a _______ schedule.

Your professor has informed you at the beginning of the term that you will have eight tests--but they will all be unannounced.This is most similar to a _______ reinforcement schedule.

On a fixed-interval schedule,reinforcement is given ________.

Scott works at a job where he is paid a salary every 2 weeks.Scott is being reinforced on a _______ schedule.

Sandy's favorite activity is to go to Las Vegas and play the slot machines.Her gambling behavior is being reinforced on a _______ schedule.

Which schedule of reinforcement reinforces the first correct response after a constant interval of time has elapsed?

The only vending machine in your dorm is notorious for delivering its merchandise only occasionally when people put money in it.This is most similar to a _______ schedule of reinforcement.

Perry works at a job where he is paid by commission.For every car Perry sells,he gets 10% of the profits.Perry is being reinforced on a _______ schedule.

On a fixed-ratio schedule,reinforcement is given ________.

A person receiving a monthly salary is on a:

Gretta spends a lot of time at the race track betting on ponies,and occasionally she wins.The frequency of her betting is controlled by which of the following?

A very high rate of responding is produced by a _______ schedule of reinforcement.

If Billy was praised every 4th time he collected rocks without throwing them,his behavior would be on which schedule of reinforcement?