Question 1

Compared to the percent of adolescent males who drink alcohol, the percent of adolescent girls who drink alcohol was ____ in the 1970s and is _____ today.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compared to the percent of adolescent males...

Question 2

If you sent a survey to a representative sample of 10,000 graduating high school seniors asking them to report how many of their friends get drunk at least once a week, you should expect that about _____ would respond "yes."

Accepted Answer

The text reports that about 24% of high school seniors report that all or most of their friends get drunk at least once a week; 24% of 10,000 seniors is 2,400 seniors.

Question 3

The action of alcohol on the body is most similar to the action of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Alcohol is a depressant drug that slows down the central nervous system, just like tranquilizers. Cigarettes, amphetamines, and diet pills are all stimulant drugs that have an opposite effect on the body, increasing activity in the nervous system.

Question 4

According to the text, moderate smoking shortens the lifespan by ____ years.

Accepted Answer

According to the text, moderate smoking shortens the lifespan by 7 years.

Question 5

According to the text, the illicit drugs that are most frequently abused by adolescents under the age of 18 are:

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the text, the illicit drugs...

Question 6

You should expect these records to show that, compared to the number of high school students who smoke cigarettes in 2010, the number who smoked in 1970 would be:

Accepted Answer

Tobacco smoking by U.S. adolescents showed a sharp decline in the late 1970s; since that time smoking by teenagers has gradually declined.

Question 7

If Jake is an adolescent who is known for taking extreme risks, research would suggest that he is also likely to have all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

According to research cited in the text, adolescents who engage in high-risk behavior are more likely than others to have a history of aggressiveness, to enjoy the thrill involved in risky behavior, to have difficulty in controlling their impulsiveness, and to experience low school achievement.

Question 8

The age period associated with the highest usage of illicit drugs is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

According to national data, the age period associated with the highest usage of illicit drugs is between the ages of 18 to 20. This is partially due to young adults being more autonomous and having greater access to illicit substances.

Question 9

Alcohol acts as a(n):

Accepted Answer

Alcohol is a depressant, meaning it slows down the central nervous system and can lead to decreased coordination, impaired judgment, and sedation.

Question 10

Bernard has been a moderate cigarette smoker for several years. Research shows that, statistically speaking, his moderate smoking will shorten his life by an average of:

Accepted Answer

According to the text, even moderate smoking shortens a person's life by an average of 7 years.

Question 11

Suppose that Bart and Larry are identical twins. Bart has never had a drink of alcohol, but Larry has been a heavy drinker for the past 20 years. If Bart and Larry are both given an identical shot of alcohol, how would you expect them each to experience the physical effects of alcohol?

Accepted Answer

Individual tolerance for alcohol increased with long-term, habitual use. Therefore, because Larry has used alcohol habitually, his response is more tolerant and he would experience less effects from alcohol, compared to Bart.

Question 12

According to the text, what is the single most preventable cause of death in the United States today?

Accepted Answer

The text explicitly states that "smoking-related illnesses are the single most preventable cause of death in the United States today." Option B, C, and D are not supported by the text as being the single most preventable cause of death.

Question 13

If you sent a survey to a representative sample of 10,000 graduating high school seniors asking them to report whether or not they drink alcohol every day, you should expect that about _____ would respond "yes."

Accepted Answer

The text reports that about 1 in 20 high school seniors, or 5%, reports drinking alcohol every day; 5% of 10,000 seniors is 500 seniors.

Question 14

Statistically speaking, which of the following people is most likely to engage in the use of illicit drugs?

Accepted Answer

Rex, who is 20 years old, is statistically most likely to engage in the use of illicit drugs, as drug use tends to peak during late adolescence and early adulthood.

Question 15

According to the text, which of the following is not a long-term effect associated with cigarette smoking?

Accepted Answer

The text does not mention brain damage as a long-term effect of smoking, but it does mention heart attack, lung cancer, and emphysema.

Question 16

According to statistics reported in the text, what percentage of U. S. teenagers have used alcohol by the end of high school?

Accepted Answer

According to statistics, 70% of U.S. teenagers have used alcohol by the end of high school.

Question 17

Suppose you administer a survey to a large, representative group of high school seniors. If you ask how many of them have ever tried smoking, you should expect that ____ will report having smoked cigarettes.

Accepted Answer

According to the text, more than one-half of high school seniors have tried smoking.

Question 18

Charlie is 18 years old. If he and his 18-year-old friends are typical, about what percentage of them have smoked a cigarette in the past month?

Accepted Answer

According to research reported in the text, in 2010 about 32% of 18- to 20-year olds reported "current" smoking (defined as at least once within the past month).

Question 19

If you sent a survey to a representative sample of 10,000 graduating high school seniors asking them to report whether or not they had ever used alcohol, you should expect that about _____ would respond "yes."

Accepted Answer

The text reports that about 70% of high school seniors in the United States have tried alcohol by the end of high school; 70% of 10,000 students is 7,000 students.

Question 20

In comparison to statistics from the 1970s, today in the United States surveys find that cigarette smoking by adolescents has:

Accepted Answer

According to surveys conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), cigarette smoking by adolescents in the United States has declined substantially since the 1970s. In 1975, 25% of high school seniors reported smoking cigarettes daily, while in 2019, only 3.7% of high school seniors reported smoking cigarettes daily.

Quiz 11: Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood: Personality and Sociocultural Development

Compared to the percent of adolescent males who drink alcohol, the percent of adolescent girls who drink alcohol was in the 1970s and is _ today.