Question 1

A client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus is prescribed acarbose (Precose). Which of the following is an indication that this medication is effective?

Accepted Answer

Acarbose works by slowing down the breakdown of carbohydrates in the intestine, leading to a lower blood glucose level after a meal. Therefore, a lower blood glucose level after a meal would indicate that the medication is effective. Higher blood glucose levels in the morning or after a meal would suggest that the medication is not effectively controlling blood sugar levels. Increase in urine output is not a significant indicator of acarbose efficacy.

Question 2

When instructing a client regarding the correct method to utilize nitroglycerin tablets, the nurse tells the client if the pain persists after three tablets are used at 5 minute intervals, the client should:

Accepted Answer

Persistent chest pain despite taking three nitroglycerin tablets may indicate an acute coronary event and requires immediate medical attention, so the client should call 911 and go to the hospital. The client should not wait or attempt to self-medicate with additional nitroglycerin tablets or rest. Drinking extra water also does not help with chest pain relief.

Question 3

A client is diagnosed with elevated triglyceride and very low-density lipoprotein levels. The nurse realizes that which of the following medications might be indicated to treat this client?

Accepted Answer

Clofibrate, Gemfibrozil, and Nicotinic acid are medications that can be used to lower elevated triglyceride and very low-density lipoprotein levels.

Question 4

The nurse is instructing a client diagnosed with diabetes mellitus on the side effects of insulin therapy. Which of the following should the nurse instruct as being the most serious side effect of this medication?

Accepted Answer

Low blood sugar, also known as hypoglycemia, is the most serious side effect of insulin therapy. It can cause dizziness, confusion, seizures, and loss of consciousness if left untreated. The other options, while also potential side effects of insulin therapy, are not as serious as hypoglycemia.

Question 5

A client is prescribed a medication that takes several doses to achieve a therapeutic level; however, the effects of the medication are needed immediately. Which of the following can the nurse anticipate to implement in order to achieve this desired effect?

Accepted Answer

Administering a loading dose of the medication is the best choice in this scenario, as it allows for a higher initial dose to quickly achieve the desired therapeutic effect while still maintaining safety. The nurse should monitor the client closely for any adverse reactions or side effects. Administering the medication intravenously may also be a viable option but is not always feasible depending on the medication and the client's condition. Administering the medication at the hour of sleep or before breakfast may not be effective in achieving the desired immediate effect.

Question 6

A client is diagnosed with duodenal ulcers. Which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to administer to this client?

Accepted Answer

Duodenal ulcers are caused by excessive acid secretion in the stomach, therefore the best medication to prepare to administer to this client is a histamine-2 receptor antagonist, such as ranitidine, to help reduce acid production and promote healing of the ulcer. Carbamazepine, phenytoin, and phenobarbital are anticonvulsant medications and are not indicated for the treatment of duodenal ulcers.

Question 7

The nurse is preparing to administer an ACE inhibitor to a client. Which of the following should the nurse do prior to implementing this medication? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is preparing to administer an...

Question 8

The nurse should monitor which laboratory test for a client who is prescribed valproic acid (Depakote) for a seizure disorder?

Accepted Answer

Valproic acid can cause liver toxicity, so monitoring liver function studies, including alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and total bilirubin levels, is necessary for clients taking this medication.

Question 9

When providing nitroglycerin paste to a client, the nurse should wear gloves because:

Accepted Answer

Nitroglycerin paste is absorbed through the skin, so it is important for the nurse to wear gloves to avoid potential skin irritation or systemic absorption of the medication.

Question 10

After laboratory tests are completed, it has been determined that a client is adhering to medication and diet therapy to control type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following diagnostic tests would provide this information?

Accepted Answer

The hemoglobin A1C test is used to measure average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months, providing an indication of a client's adherence to long-term medication and diet therapy. The other diagnostic tests listed only provide information on glucose levels at a specific time, and are not as effective at measuring long-term control.

Question 11

When instructing a client diagnosed with hypertension on the purpose of a diuretic, the nurse should explain the mechanism of action to be:

Accepted Answer

Diuretics promote sodium and water loss from the body, resulting in decreased fluid volume and decreased blood pressure.

Question 12

Before administering a furosemide (Lasix) to a client, which of the following laboratory values should the nurse assess?

Accepted Answer

Furosemide (Lasix) is a loop diuretic that can cause hypokalemia (low potassium levels) as a side effect. Therefore, it is important for the nurse to assess the client's potassium levels before administering the medication.

Question 13

While providing medications to a client, the nurse adheres to the rights of medication administration. Which of the following actions support these medication rights? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

The answer of While providing medications to a client, the...

Question 14

A client is prescribed an inhaled corticosteroid. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the client regarding potential side effects of this medication? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Inhaled corticosteroids can cause local side effects such as pharyngeal irritation, sore throat, cough, dry mouth, and sinusitis due to their action in the respiratory tract. Pneumonia is not a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids.

Question 15

A client is prescribed tetracycline. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the client about this medication?

Accepted Answer

Tetracycline medication can increase sensitivity to the sun, and therefore, clients should avoid unnecessary exposure to sunlight, sunlamps, and tanning booths. Clients should use sunscreen and wear protective clothing. Tetracycline should not be taken with milk or other dairy products as it can affect the absorption of the medication. Additionally, tetracycline can interact with other medications, including antacids, and should not be taken at the same time. Blood in the urine is not a common side effect of tetracycline, and clients should seek medical attention if this occurs.

Question 16

A client has been prescribed a hydrogen ion antagonist for several years. Which of the following is this client at risk for developing?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen ion antagonists, also known as proton pump inhibitors, suppress stomach acid secretion, which can lead to malabsorption of vitamin B-12. Long-term use of these medications can increase the risk of developing a vitamin B-12 deficiency.

Question 17

A client is diagnosed with a severe skin infection that has been resistant to many antibiotics. The nurse realizes that the client might be prescribed which of the following medications to help combat this infection? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client is diagnosed with a severe...

Quiz 17: Pharmacology: Nursing Management

A client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus is prescribed acarbose (Precose) . Which of the following is an indication that this medication is effective?