Question 1

Nursing responsibilities when giving osmotic diuretics include which of the following?  Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Osmotic diuretics like mannitol can crystallize, so checking the solution is crucial. Evaluating urine output helps assess effectiveness. Monitoring for heart failure is important as osmotic diuretics can exacerbate it. Orthostatic hypotension and ototoxicity are not typically associated with osmotic diuretics.

Question 2

The nurse, teaching a patient about the concept of hemodialysis, would include that dialysis is a process that

Accepted Answer

Hemodialysis is a process that uses a dialyzer, or artificial kidney, to filter waste products and excess fluids from the blood by circulating it through a semipermeable membrane, which separates the blood from the dialysate (dialysis fluid). This process corrects fluid and electrolyte imbalances, removes waste products, and manages hypertension in patients with renal failure.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of correct maintenance of fluid intake for a patient with acute renal failure (ARF) who is on fluid restriction?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is A because it is the only option that provides the correct amount of fluid intake for a patient with ARF who is on fluid restriction.

Question 4

A patient is told that a horseshoe kidney was a coincidental finding on a recent x-ray. He asks if this will create problems in the future. What is the nurse's best response?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient is told that a horseshoe...

Question 5

Place an "X" on the area of the body where a nurse would assess the peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion site.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Place an "X" on the area of...

Question 6

A patient with polycystic kidney disease is planning to be married and asks the nurse if his children could inherit this disorder. What is the nurse's best response?

Accepted Answer

Polycystic kidney disease is an inherited disorder, which means that it can be passed down from parents to their children. Therefore, option A is the correct response by the nurse. Option B is incorrect as polycystic kidney disease is not rare. Option C is incorrect as polycystic kidney disease is not caused by spontaneous mutations. Option D is an alternative option, but it does not directly answer the patient's question.

Question 7

Which of the following indicates that a patient with chronic renal failure understands the dietary regimen?

Accepted Answer

Choice A reflects a diet low in potassium, phosphorus, and protein, which is suitable for a patient with chronic renal failure. This diet avoids high potassium foods (like bananas and potatoes), limits high phosphorus foods (such as dairy and whole grains), and controls protein intake, which is important to reduce the kidneys' workload.

Question 8

The nurse reviews the patient's clinical record. Based on the above data, what is the correct interpretation of this information? 11ea992e_0a36_56a2_9f38_6b551aee5ed7

Accepted Answer

Acute proliferative glomerulonephritis is a condition in which the glomeruli of the kidneys become inflamed and proliferate. This can lead to azotemia, which is a condition in which there is an increase in the level of nitrogenous waste products in the blood.

Question 9

Risk factors for renal cancer include which of the following?  Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Obesity, being over 55 years of age, and genetic predisposition are all established risk factors for renal cancer. Being female and having bladder calculi are not considered significant risk factors for this disease.

Question 10

Place an "X" on the diagram below where a nurse would palpate for a donor kidney in a recipient patient.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Place an "X" on the diagram below...

Question 11

Place an "X" over the area of the body where the nurse would assess for characteristic severe edema in a patient with nephrotic syndrome.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Place an "X" over the area of...

Question 12

The nurse is completing the instructions to a patient who underwent a cadaver kidney transplant and is ready for discharge from the hospital. Which of the following statements by the patient would indicate that further teaching is needed?

Accepted Answer

The patient will need to take immunosuppressants for the rest of their life to prevent rejection of the transplanted kidney. This statement indicates a misunderstanding of the medication regimen and requires further teaching. Checking weight, monitoring urine output, and avoiding sick contacts are all appropriate instructions for a kidney transplant recipient.

Question 13

The nurse assesses the patient's arm for the presence of which of the following? 11ea992e_0a36_7db3_9f38_256965bfdc5a

Accepted Answer

A bruit is a whooshing sound heard upon auscultation and may indicate arterial stenosis or occlusion. A thrill is a vibration felt upon auscultation and may also indicate arterial stenosis or occlusion. These findings are not palpable or visible, so options C and D are incorrect.

Question 14

Home care teaching for the patient after a radical nephrectomy should include which of the following?  Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Home care teaching for the patient after...

Question 15

The patient with chronic renal failure who is scheduled for dialysis this morning is due to receive a daily dose of enalapril (Vasotec). The nurse should plan to administer this medication

Accepted Answer

Enalapril (Vasotec) is an antihypertensive medication that is primarily eliminated by the kidneys. Administering it after dialysis is recommended to avoid its removal during the dialysis process, ensuring its therapeutic effect is maintained.

Question 16

In reviewing the report of laboratory results (see diagram) for a newly admitted patient, the nurse can anticipate that 11ea992e_0a34_a8ef_9f38_99b498116348

Accepted Answer

The laboratory results, although not visible in this format, likely indicate abnormalities that are consistent with acute proliferative glomerulonephritis. This condition often requires further testing for a definitive diagnosis, including additional blood tests, urine tests, and possibly a kidney biopsy to assess the extent of kidney damage and inflammation.

Question 17

The nurse, administering epoetin alfa (Epogen) to a patient on dialysis, understands the therapeutic outcome of this medication is to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Epoetin alfa (Epogen) is a medication used to treat anemia seen in chronic renal failure patients on dialysis. It works by stimulating the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow.

Question 18

The nurse is caring for a patient receiving peritoneal dialysis. After completing the exchange and draining the dialysate, the nurse observes the dialysate is cloudy. The nurse interprets this finding as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Cloudy dialysate can be a sign of infection as it may contain white blood cells, bacteria, or other pathogens.

Question 19

The nurse instructs a patient in acute renal failure that the expected result of taking sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) is a medication used to treat high levels of potassium in the blood. It works by exchanging sodium ions with potassium ions in the intestine, which can then be excreted from the body. Therefore, the expected result of taking this medication is to remove excess potassium from the body.

Question 20

The nurse recognizes that the risk for dehydration in the elderly increases significantly due to which age-related change in renal function?

Accepted Answer

As people age, the ability of the kidneys to concentrate urine decreases, leading to a greater risk of dehydration. Hypoplasia refers to an abnormally small kidney, renal cysts are fluid-filled sacs that are often benign, and reduced drug clearance may affect medication dosages but is not directly related to dehydration risk.

Quiz 28: Nursing Care of Patients with Kidney Disorders

Nursing responsibilities when giving osmotic diuretics include which of the following? Select all that apply.