Question 1

Carol belongs to a spiritual growth group at her religious congregation whose members share many values and meet regularly to support each other emotionally,spiritually,and with practical challenges.These are examples of which element in the McMillan-Chavis four elements of sense of community?

Accepted Answer

Integration and fulfillment of needs refers to the extent to which a community meets the individual's needs for emotional support, information, and practical help. In this scenario, Carol's spiritual growth group provides emotional and practical support, indicating integration and fulfillment of needs. The group also promotes shared emotional connections, but this is not the primary element being described in this scenario. Influence and membership are not relevant to the scenario.

Question 2

A spiritual bond among members recognized by behavior or speech,and strengthened by shared celebrations and rituals,is what element in the McMillan-Chavis definition of sense of community?

Accepted Answer

The spiritual bond among members recognized by behavior or speech and strengthened by shared celebrations and rituals is an example of a shared emotional connection, which is one of the four elements of sense of community according to the McMillan-Chavis definition. A sense of community is characterized by a feeling of belonging, interdependence, and shared values or interests.

Question 3

Membership,mutual influence,integration and fulfillment of needs,and shared emotional connection,are the four elements of ____ .

Accepted Answer

The McMillan-Chavis definition of sense of community includes these four elements as essential components of a sense of community.

Question 4

An on-line chat group,an advocacy group,and a religious congregation are examples of what type of community?

Accepted Answer

These communities are formed based on a shared interest, goal, or identity, rather than geographical proximity. An on-line chat group and an advocacy group are both examples of relational communities. A religious congregation could also be a relational community if it is based on shared beliefs rather than geographical location.

Question 5

The type of community defined by relationships among members,not limited by geography.

Accepted Answer

The definition given fits the term "relational community," which is a community defined by the relationships between its members. This can include online communities, interest-based communities, or communities built around common goals or experiences. The other choices are not as applicable to the definition given.

Question 6

Katherine belongs to a youth group in her town.She describes it as the one place in her life in which others listen to her ideas and where she has a say in group decisions.She also admits that the other group members help shape her views.These are examples of which element in the McMillan-Chavis four elements of sense of community?

Accepted Answer

Katherine's description of her youth group experience highlights the element of "influence" within the McMillan-Chavis four elements of sense of community. This is because she talks about having a say in group decisions and how others listen to her ideas, as well as how she is influenced by other group members, all of which directly relate to the concept of influence within a community.

Question 7

Sarason considered this the keystone value for community psychology,and its absence "the most destructive dynamic ...in our society".

Accepted Answer

Psychological sense of community refers to the feeling of belonging and connectedness to a group of people who share a common identity, values, and goals. Without this sense of community, individuals may feel isolated and disconnected from others, leading to a lack of support and resources, and ultimately contributing to societal problems such as increased rates of mental health issues and crime. Therefore, its absence can be considered the most destructive dynamic in our society. Respect for human diversity (B) and relational community (D) are also important values in community psychology but are not specifically related to the absence of psychological sense of community. Expressive individualism (C) is a societal value that emphasizes individual expression and creativity but is not a central concept in community psychology.

Question 8

A mutual help group meeting and an elementary school classroom are examples of what level of community?

Accepted Answer

The microsystem level of community refers to the immediate social environment in which an individual participates, such as the family, school, or peer group. A mutual help group meeting and an elementary school classroom are examples of microsystem-level communities.

Question 9

A sense of belonging,a feeling that members matter to one another and to the group,and a sense of mutual commitment and interdependence,are one definition of ____ .

Accepted Answer

The definition described in the question is best represented by the concept of a sense of community. A sense of belonging, mutual commitment, and interdependence are all key aspects of community. Social capital refers to the resources and networks available to individuals and groups within a community, while a microsystem refers to a small system or environment within a larger context. A locality refers to a specific geographic area or location.

Question 10

Sarason defined this concept as a "readily available,mutually supportive network of relationships on which one could depend",and gave families,street gangs,neighbors,and religious and professional organizations as examples.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sarason defined this concept as a "readily...

Question 11

Loaning tools and watching a house for some who is away are examples of:

Accepted Answer

Neighboring refers to the social interactions and support exchanged between neighbors, such as loaning tools and watching a house.

Question 12

Martina belongs to a women's group that she says is very important to her emotionally,and a safe place to share her feelings.The group meets regularly and has had the same members for several years.Among themselves,they call their group The Sisters.These are examples of which element in the McMillan-Chavis four elements of sense of community?

Accepted Answer

The description highlights the importance of the group to Martina emotionally and the consistent membership over the years, which aligns with the "membership" element in the McMillan-Chavis model.

Question 13

Hill (1996)argued that which of the following should NOT be considered a "community"?

Accepted Answer

Hill (1996) argued that a microsystem in which all members know each other should not be considered a "community" because the term implies a larger, more complex social system than just a group where everyone knows each other.

Question 14

Relationships that are multidemsional and are valued in their own right,not just as a means to an end,are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Gemeinshaft relationships are characterized by deep, multidimensional connections between individuals that are valued for their own sake rather than for the benefits they provide. This type of relationship contrasts with expedient or gesellschaft relationships, which are based on achieving specific goals or outcomes. Local relationships, while they may involve personal connections, do not necessarily have the same level of depth or mutual importance as gemeinshaft relationships.

Question 15

Sense of community has been studied by community psychologists in which of the following contexts?

Accepted Answer

Community psychologists have studied the sense of community in various contexts including localities, community organizations, and immigrant groups among others. Therefore, the best choice is D, which encompasses all of the above contexts.

Question 16

Shared values among members,and exchange of practical help or emotional support among members,are characteristics of what element in the McMillan-Chavis definition of sense of community?

Accepted Answer

Integration and fulfillment of needs refer to the shared values and exchange of support among community members, as it involves meeting the needs of members through shared resources and support.

Question 17

The type of community based on geographic proximity,such as towns,neighborhoods,and cities.

Accepted Answer

Locality refers to a community based on geographic proximity, such as neighborhoods, towns, or cities. Relational and microsystem refer to types of social relationships within a community, while geomorphic refers to physical features and structures of the environment.

Question 18

Members' attraction to a group in which they have a voice,leaders who are responsive to the whole group,and group effects on individual decisions,are characteristics of what element in the McMillan-Chavis definition of sense of community?

Accepted Answer

The characteristics described pertain to the element of "influence" within the McMillan-Chavis definition of sense of community, as they emphasize the importance of members having a say in the group, leaders who consider the group's needs, and the impact of the group on individual choices.

Question 19

Workplaces,civic groups,and religious congregations too large to be considered microsystems are what level of community?

Accepted Answer

Workplaces, civic groups, and religious congregations are considered organizational levels of community because they are formal groups with their own structure, rules, and goals. The macrosystem level refers to the broader societal influences on a community, while the relational level refers to the individual and family relationships within a community. Locality is a general term for a geographic area, and is not a specific level of community.

Question 20

Greek sorority letters and religious symbols,individuals' investment of time in the group,and their sense of emotional safety within defined boundaries,are characteristics of what element in the McMillan-Chavis definition of sense of community?

Accepted Answer

The characteristics described - Greek sorority letters and religious symbols, individual investment of time in the group, and a sense of emotional safety within defined boundaries - are all aspects of membership in a community.

Quiz 6: Understanding Community