Question 1

G.Stanley Hall is associated with which accomplishment?

Accepted Answer

G. Stanley Hall served as the first president of the American Psychological Association in 1892, but he did not open the first psychological laboratory in Leipzig, Germany (Wilhelm Wundt did). He also did not found the first psychological clinic (that was Lightner Witmer). While Hall did contribute to the study of nerve impulses, he did not specifically measure their speed.

Question 2

William James's school of functionalism was MOST influenced by the works of:

Accepted Answer

William James's functionalism emphasized the study of the purpose and function of behavior in adapting to the environment. This approach was heavily influenced by the ideas of Charles Darwin and his theory of evolution, which emphasized the importance of adaptation and natural selection in shaping behavior and cognition. While Wilhelm Wundt is often credited as the founder of psychology, his approach to psychology focused on the study of conscious experience rather than behavior and function. B.F. Skinner was a behaviorist who focused on the study of observable behavior and its relationship to reinforcement and punishment, which is not directly related to functionalism. René Descartes was a philosopher who proposed the mind-body dualism, which is not a key concept in functionalism.

Question 3

Research participants are asked to rotate a three-dimensional object in their minds.William James would be MOST interested in which research question?

Accepted Answer

William James, a functionalist, would be most interested in understanding how mental processes, like manipulating objects in the mind, aid in real-world problem-solving and adaptation.

Question 4

G.Stanley Hall is associated with which accomplishment?

Accepted Answer

G. Stanley Hall is associated with starting the first journal devoted to publishing psychological research in the United States called "The American Journal of Psychology" in 1887. While he was influential in helping bring the new scientific discipline of psychology to the United States, he did not open the first psychological laboratory (Wilhelm Wundt did that in Leipzig, Germany in 1879), found the first psychological clinic (that honor goes to Lightner Witmer), or measure the speed of a nervous impulse (that was done by Hermann von Helmholtz).

Question 5

Wundt argued that James's approach to psychology was flawed because James:

Accepted Answer

Wilhelm Wundt criticized William James for not conducting much laboratory research. Wundt, often considered the father of experimental psychology, emphasized the importance of laboratory experiments in psychology, which he believed James neglected in favor of a broader, more philosophical approach.

Question 6

Which early psychologist used the metaphor of a flowing stream to describe consciousness?

Accepted Answer

William James used the metaphor of a flowing stream to describe consciousness in his book "The Principles of Psychology" published in 1890.

Question 7

The functionalist approach was MOST influenced by the theory of:

Accepted Answer

The functionalist approach was heavily influenced by Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection. Functionalists believed that mental processes evolved to serve specific functions and help individuals adapt to their environment. This idea was based on the principles of natural selection, which suggests that traits that are beneficial for survival and reproduction are more likely to be passed down to future generations.

Question 8

Jacqueline reports that she just has become blind in her left eye,although there is no medical cause.A clinician in the late 1800s would diagnose Jacqueline with:

Accepted Answer

In the late 1800s, hysteria was a commonly used diagnosis for unexplained physical symptoms in women. Blindness in one eye without a medical cause would have been attributed to hysteria, which was believed to stem from emotional or psychological disturbances. This diagnosis has since been discredited, and the symptom may be due to a physical condition or medical issue.

Question 9

Based on his functionalist views,William James might be MOST interested to know which information about sleep?

Accepted Answer

William James was interested in understanding behavior in terms of its function and purpose. Therefore, he would be most interested in the importance of sleep in forming long-term memories, as this information speaks to the functional significance of sleep.

Question 10

Based on his functionalist views,William James might be MOST interested in which research question related to test-taking anxiety?

Accepted Answer

As a functionalist, William James would be most interested in how anxiety serves a functional purpose in test-taking, such as providing motivation for increased study, rather than just examining the brain regions or introspective reports.

Question 11

Studies have demonstrated that we attend to only a fraction of the sensory information that the brain receives.Based on this information,William James would be MOST interested in which research question?

Accepted Answer

William James was interested in the practical functions of consciousness and how it helps us adapt to our environment. Therefore, he would be most interested in understanding why our minds filter out most of the sensory information we receive, as this knowledge would help him better understand how consciousness aids in our survival.

Question 12

The theory known as _____ posits that traits that help organisms survive and reproduce are more likely to be passed on to subsequent generations.

Accepted Answer

The theory of natural selection proposes that traits that are advantageous to an organism's survival and reproduction will be more likely to be passed on to subsequent generations. This is the fundamental mechanism driving evolution in living organisms. Phrenology is a discredited theory that posits that mental disorders can be diagnosed by measuring the shape and size of the skull. Nativism is a theory in psychology that suggests that certain characteristics are innate rather than acquired through learning. Functionalism is a theoretical framework in psychology that emphasizes the adaptive nature of human behavior and the importance of studying how behavior helps individuals adapt to their environment.

Question 13

Psychologists and other mental health professionals working in outpatient clinics are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

The term "clinicians" is used to refer to mental health professionals working in outpatient clinics, including psychologists, social workers, and other therapists. Doctors and psychiatrists may also work in these settings, but they are not the only professionals who work there.

Question 14

Jasmine is a psychologist who treats patients with psychotherapy in an outpatient clinic.Jasmine's occupational label is that of a:

Accepted Answer

The term "clinician" refers to a medical professional who specializes in diagnosing and treating patients with various health conditions, including mental health disorders. Jasmine's role as a psychologist and psychotherapist in an outpatient clinic fits this definition. Option A refers to a medical doctor, but Jasmine is not necessarily a medical doctor, and option B (psychiatrist) refers to a specific type of medical doctor who specializes in treating mental health disorders with medication. Option C (counselor) is a more general term that can refer to professionals with varying levels of education and training, and it does not necessarily describe Jasmine's specific role as a psychologist in an outpatient clinic.

Question 15

William James is to _____ as John Watson is to _____.

Accepted Answer

William James is known for his contributions to functionalism in psychology, while John Watson is known as one of the founders of behaviorism. Ivan Pavlov is a Russian physiologist and psychologist who conducted pioneering research on classical conditioning, which is one of the key concepts in behaviorism. Charles Darwin is a biologist who contributed the theory of evolution, which influenced the development of functionalism in psychology. Therefore, the best choice is A, as it pairs James with Darwin and Watson with Pavlov.

Question 16

G.Stanley Hall is known for his contributions in the research areas of:

Accepted Answer

G. Stanley Hall is best known for his contributions in the areas of development and education, particularly for his emphasis on child psychology and the study of adolescence. He established the first laboratory of psychology in the United States at Johns Hopkins University and was a founder of the American Psychological Association. While he did make contributions to other areas of psychology, including sensation and perception, his work in development and education remains his most significant contribution to the field.

Question 17

Who opened the FIRST psychological laboratory in North America?

Accepted Answer

G. Stanley Hall opened the first psychological laboratory in North America at Johns Hopkins University in 1883. William James and John Watson were influential psychologists, but they did not open the first laboratory. Wilhelm Wundt opened the first psychological laboratory in Germany.

Question 18

Which definition BEST describes hysteria?

Accepted Answer

Hysteria is a condition where a person experiences temporary loss of cognitive or motor functioning as a result of emotionally upsetting experiences. This loss of control may manifest in physical symptoms such as paralysis or seizures.

Question 19

In the late 1800s,a temporary loss of cognitive or motor function,usually as a result of emotionally upsetting experiences,was termed:

Accepted Answer

The term "hysteria" was commonly used in the late 1800s to describe a temporary loss of cognitive or motor function that was often attributed to emotionally upsetting experiences. This term has since been replaced by more specific diagnostic categories in modern psychology, such as conversion disorder or dissociative disorder.

Question 20

James argued that Wundt's approach to psychology was limited because Wundt:

Accepted Answer

James believed that Wundt's approach to psychology was limited because he did not study consciousness as it functioned in the real world. Instead, Wundt focused on purposeful, controlled laboratory experiments that did not reflect the complexity of everyday life.

Quiz 1: Evolution of Psychological Science-Part A

G.Stanley Hall is associated with which accomplishment?

William James's school of functionalism was MOST influenced by the works of:

Research participants are asked to rotate a three-dimensional object in their minds.William James would be MOST interested in which research question?

G.Stanley Hall is associated with which accomplishment?

Wundt argued that James's approach to psychology was flawed because James:

Which early psychologist used the metaphor of a flowing stream to describe consciousness?

The functionalist approach was MOST influenced by the theory of:

Jacqueline reports that she just has become blind in her left eye,although there is no medical cause.A clinician in the late 1800s would diagnose Jacqueline with:

Based on his functionalist views,William James might be MOST interested to know which information about sleep?

Based on his functionalist views,William James might be MOST interested in which research question related to test-taking anxiety?

Studies have demonstrated that we attend to only a fraction of the sensory information that the brain receives.Based on this information,William James would be MOST interested in which research question?

The theory known as _____ posits that traits that help organisms survive and reproduce are more likely to be passed on to subsequent generations.

Psychologists and other mental health professionals working in outpatient clinics are referred to as:

Jasmine is a psychologist who treats patients with psychotherapy in an outpatient clinic.Jasmine's occupational label is that of a:

William James is to _ as John Watson is to _.

G.Stanley Hall is known for his contributions in the research areas of:

Who opened the FIRST psychological laboratory in North America?

Which definition BEST describes hysteria?

In the late 1800s,a temporary loss of cognitive or motor function,usually as a result of emotionally upsetting experiences,was termed:

James argued that Wundt's approach to psychology was limited because Wundt: