Question 1

Leucovorin rescue,during which leucovorin enters and "rescues" normal cells from the toxic effects of antineoplastic agents,is useful during therapy with which drug?

Accepted Answer

Leucovorin rescue is useful during therapy with folate antagonists such as methotrexate.

Question 2

What is the nurse's best immediate response if extravasation of an antineoplastic drug occurs during intravenous (IV)administration?

Accepted Answer

If extravasation is suspected,administration of the drug must be stopped immediately,but the IV tube should be left in place and the appropriate antidote instilled through the existing IV tube.Agency protocol should be followed.

Question 3

A patient is receiving a third course of 5-fluorouracil therapy and knows that stomatitis is a potential adverse effect of antineoplastic therapy.What important information should the nurse give the patient about this adverse effect?

Accepted Answer

The symptoms of stomatitis consist of bleeding,white spots,and ulcerations of the mouth,all of which need to be reported to the health care provider immediately.
Assessing stools is important,but abnormal stools are not related to stomatitis.Aspirin should not be used during this therapy.Patients on 5-fluorouracil should avoid consuming foods high in fibre,foods containing citric acid,and hot or cold foods.

Question 4

Which is a true statement about nadir?

Accepted Answer

The lowest level reached by bone marrow cells after chemotherapy or radiation therapy is known as nadir.It usually occurs within 10 to 28 days following treatment.

Question 5

Which unique adverse effect is characteristic of the antineoplastic enzymes,such as asparaginase (Kidrolase)?

Accepted Answer

Impaired pancreatic function can result from antineoplastic enzymes; this can lead to hyperglycemia and severe or fatal pancreatitis.

Question 6

A patient who has been on methotrexate (Metoject)therapy has developed a fever.Her husband asks whether she can take ibuprofen for the fever.What is the nurse's best answer to the husband's question?

Accepted Answer

Taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)can lead to methotrexate toxicity by displacing the drug from plasma proteins.

Question 7

A patient is receiving the antineoplastic drug methotrexate (Metoject).What important instructions should the nurse give the patient in regard to this drug?

Accepted Answer

Patients who are taking methotrexate should report black,tarry stools; prepare for hair loss by deciding whether to use a wig,a hairpiece,or a hat; avoid raw seafood and foods that are hot or rough in texture; and avoid exposure to the sun.
Mouthwash can be irritating to the oral mucosa.Contraceptive measures should be continued for up to 8 weeks after therapy,to minimize possible teratogenic effects or fetal death.Hair loss is an expected adverse effect of this therapy.

Question 8

A patient has had a first course of antineoplastic therapy and is experiencing gastrointestinal adverse effects,including anorexia and nausea.Which is an appropriate goal for the patient dealing with these adverse effects?

Accepted Answer

Small frequent feedings and nutritional supplementation are the ideal means of improving nutrition during antineoplastic therapy.

Question 9

A patient is at risk for infection due to neutropenic effects of antineoplastic drug therapy.Which statement by the patient indicates the need for further teaching about this care?

Accepted Answer

Patients who are neutropenic are susceptible to infections and should adhere to a low-microbe diet by washing fresh fruits and vegetables and making sure foods are well cooked.

Question 10

One patient has cancer of the bone; a second patient has cancer in the connective tissues of the leg muscles; and a third patient has cancer in the vascular tissues.Which type of tumour is common to these patients?

Accepted Answer

Sarcoma,a malignant tumour that arises from connective tissues,is common to these three patients.Connective tissue can be found in bone,cartilage,muscle,blood,lymphatic,and vascular tissue.

Quiz 52: Antineoplastic Drugs Part 1: Cancer Overview and Cell Cycle–Specific Drugs

Leucovorin rescue,during which leucovorin enters and "rescues" normal cells from the toxic effects of antineoplastic agents,is useful during therapy with which drug?

What is the nurse's best immediate response if extravasation of an antineoplastic drug occurs during intravenous (IV) administration?

A patient is receiving a third course of 5-fluorouracil therapy and knows that stomatitis is a potential adverse effect of antineoplastic therapy.What important information should the nurse give the patient about this adverse effect?

Which is a true statement about nadir?

Which unique adverse effect is characteristic of the antineoplastic enzymes,such as asparaginase (Kidrolase) ?

A patient who has been on methotrexate (Metoject) therapy has developed a fever.Her husband asks whether she can take ibuprofen for the fever.What is the nurse's best answer to the husband's question?

A patient is receiving the antineoplastic drug methotrexate (Metoject) .What important instructions should the nurse give the patient in regard to this drug?

A patient has had a first course of antineoplastic therapy and is experiencing gastrointestinal adverse effects,including anorexia and nausea.Which is an appropriate goal for the patient dealing with these adverse effects?

A patient is at risk for infection due to neutropenic effects of antineoplastic drug therapy.Which statement by the patient indicates the need for further teaching about this care?

One patient has cancer of the bone; a second patient has cancer in the connective tissues of the leg muscles; and a third patient has cancer in the vascular tissues.Which type of tumour is common to these patients?