Question 1

A five-carbon sugar is known as a

Accepted Answer

A five-carbon sugar is known as a pentose.

Question 2

An $\alpha$ helix is an example of the _______ level of protein structure.

Accepted Answer

An F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 helix is an example of the secondary level of protein structure, specifically an alpha helix which is a type of secondary structure. Primary structure refers to the linear sequence of amino acids, tertiary structure refers to the overall three-dimensional shape of a protein, and quaternary structure refers to the arrangement of multiple protein subunits. Hepternary structure is not a recognized level of protein structure.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about carbohydrates is false?

Accepted Answer

Monomers of carbohydrates can have different number of carbon atoms, such as glucose with six carbon atoms or fructose with five carbon atoms.

Question 4

Which of the following statements about lipids is false?

Accepted Answer

All of the statements are true. Lipids are a major component of the phospholipid bilayer, providing structure and function to the cell membrane. They also provide waterproofing for organisms, making them essential for survival in aquatic environments. Steroid hormones, including testosterone and estrogen, are derived from lipids. In addition, some vitamins, such as vitamins A, D, E, and K, are lipid-soluble and require lipids for proper absorption and transport in the body.

Question 5

The R groups of amino acids located on the surface of protein molecules in the interior of biological membranes would be

Accepted Answer

Amino acid R groups on the surface of protein molecules in the interior of biological membranes would be hydrophobic due to the hydrophobic nature of the membrane environment.

Question 6

Dietary guidelines encourage people to stay away from saturated fats. What is meant by the term "saturated fat"? Why is this type of fat of more concern than unsaturated fats in the diet? What is the structural difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dietary guidelines encourage people to stay away...

Question 7

Which of the following statements about polymers is false?

Accepted Answer

Polymers are synthesized from monomers during condensation, not dehydration. Additionally, polymers can consist of just one type of monomer (homopolymers), so statement C is also false.

Question 8

Which of the following statement about isomers is true?

Accepted Answer

Isomers are molecules that have the same number of atoms but different arrangements. Therefore, they all have the same chemical formula but different arrangements. Choice A is incorrect because isomers have the same arrangement. Choice B is incorrect because isomers are found in various types of molecules, not just proteins. Choice C is incorrect because isomers can also be stereoisomers, which differ in the three-dimensional arrangement of their atoms.

Question 9

Vitamins D, E, and F have a multiple-ring structure and are classified as _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Vitamins D, E, and F have a...

Question 10

A disulfide bridge is formed by

Accepted Answer

A disulfide bridge is formed by the oxidation of two cysteine side chains, in which two thiol (-SH) groups from separate cysteine residues react to form a disulfide bond (-S-S-). This bond helps to stabilize the structure of proteins by forming a covalent link between different parts of the polypeptide chain.

Question 11

The three amino acids shown in the diagram below

Accepted Answer

The answer of The three amino acids shown in the...

Question 12

Cholesterol is classified as a(n) _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cholesterol is classified as a(n) _______....

Question 13

A macromolecule with many hydrogen and peptide bonds is most likely a

Accepted Answer

Proteins are composed of amino acids that are linked by peptide bonds, and they contain many hydrogen bonds that help hold the protein structure together. Carbohydrates have glycosidic bonds, lipids have ester bonds, nucleic acids have phosphodiester bonds, and vitamins do not form macromolecules.

Question 14

The characteristic of phospholipids that allows them to form a bilayer is their

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids have a hydrophilic (water-loving) head and a hydrophobic (water-fearing) tail consisting of two fatty acid chains. The hydrophobic nature of the tails allows them to cluster together in the interior while the hydrophilic heads remain in contact with the aqueous (water-based) environment on the outside, enabling them to form a bilayer.

Question 15

Which of the following characteristics distinguishes carbohydrates from other macromolecule types?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates are characterized by their structure, which typically includes carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen and hydroxyl groups, forming structures like monosaccharides.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about proteins is false?

Accepted Answer

Proteins are not typically part of the phospholipid bilayer, which is composed of lipids. Proteins may be associated with the membrane, but they are not a part of it in the same way that phospholipids are.

Question 17

Triglycerides are synthesized from ______ and _______.

Accepted Answer

Triglycerides are composed of three fatty acids and one glycerol molecule. They are synthesized by attaching fatty acids to the glycerol backbone through a process called esterification. Therefore, the correct answer is choice E, which states that triglycerides are synthesized from fatty acids and glycerol.

Question 18

Cellulose and starch are composed of the same monomers but have structural and functional differences. Which of the following is the characteristic that accounts for those differences?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose and starch are both composed of glucose monomers, but they differ in the type of glycosidic linkage between these monomers. Cellulose has beta 1-4 glycosidic linkages, which makes it a linear, fibrous molecule that forms a strong, structural component of plant cell walls. In contrast, starch has alpha 1-4 glycosidic linkages, which results in a branched structure that allows for easy storage and access to energy in plant cells.

Question 19

Differentiate between primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures as they relate to proteins. If a protein is immersed in an unfavorable pH solution, which structures are most likely to disassociate first, and why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Differentiate between primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary...

Question 20

Proteins consists of amino acids linked together by

Accepted Answer

Proteins consist of amino acids that are linked together by peptide bonds which are covalent bonds formed between the amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another amino acid. Noncovalent bonds such as hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces are involved in protein folding and stabilization, but they do not link the amino acids together to form the primary structure of the protein. Phosphodiester bonds are involved in linking nucleotides to form nucleic acids.

Quiz 3: Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

A five-carbon sugar is known as a

An $\alpha$ helix is an example of the _______ level of protein structure.

Which of the following statements about carbohydrates is false?

Which of the following statements about lipids is false?

The R groups of amino acids located on the surface of protein molecules in the interior of biological membranes would be

Dietary guidelines encourage people to stay away from saturated fats. What is meant by the term "saturated fat"? Why is this type of fat of more concern than unsaturated fats in the diet? What is the structural difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

Which of the following statements about polymers is false?

Which of the following statement about isomers is true?

Vitamins D, E, and F have a multiple-ring structure and are classified as _______.

A disulfide bridge is formed by

The three amino acids shown in the diagram below

Cholesterol is classified as a(n) _______.

A macromolecule with many hydrogen and peptide bonds is most likely a

The characteristic of phospholipids that allows them to form a bilayer is their

Which of the following characteristics distinguishes carbohydrates from other macromolecule types?

Which of the following statements about proteins is false?

Triglycerides are synthesized from and _.

Cellulose and starch are composed of the same monomers but have structural and functional differences. Which of the following is the characteristic that accounts for those differences?

Differentiate between primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures as they relate to proteins. If a protein is immersed in an unfavorable pH solution, which structures are most likely to disassociate first, and why?

Proteins consists of amino acids linked together by

Quiz 3: Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

A five-carbon sugar is known as a

An α\alphaα helix is an example of the _______ level of protein structure.

Which of the following statements about carbohydrates is false?

Which of the following statements about lipids is false?

The R groups of amino acids located on the surface of protein molecules in the interior of biological membranes would be

Dietary guidelines encourage people to stay away from saturated fats. What is meant by the term "saturated fat"? Why is this type of fat of more concern than unsaturated fats in the diet? What is the structural difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

Which of the following statements about polymers is false?

Which of the following statement about isomers is true?

Vitamins D, E, and F have a multiple-ring structure and are classified as _______.

A disulfide bridge is formed by

The three amino acids shown in the diagram below

Cholesterol is classified as a(n) _______.

A macromolecule with many hydrogen and peptide bonds is most likely a

The characteristic of phospholipids that allows them to form a bilayer is their

Which of the following characteristics distinguishes carbohydrates from other macromolecule types?

Which of the following statements about proteins is false?

Triglycerides are synthesized from ______ and _______.

Cellulose and starch are composed of the same monomers but have structural and functional differences. Which of the following is the characteristic that accounts for those differences?

Differentiate between primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures as they relate to proteins. If a protein is immersed in an unfavorable pH solution, which structures are most likely to disassociate first, and why?

Proteins consists of amino acids linked together by

An $\alpha$ helix is an example of the _______ level of protein structure.

Triglycerides are synthesized from and _.