Question 1

Historically,the most potent union tactic when collective bargaining efforts break down has been the:
A)strike.
B)lockout.
C)court injunction.
D)primary boycott.

Accepted Answer

Strikes have been the most potent union tactic historically as they involve workers refusing to work until their demands for better wages, benefits, and working conditions are met. Strikes can have a significant impact on companies and can force employers to negotiate with unions to avoid losses in productivity and profits.

Question 2

The __________ is a tactic police,firefighters,and other workers who are not legally allowed to strike sometimes use to express their frustration and displeasure with working conditions or pay.
A)gold cold
B)steel deal
C)slow-mo
D)blue flu

Accepted Answer

The term "blue flu" is commonly used to refer to a situation where police officers call in sick en masse as a form of protest against their working conditions or pay. It is often seen as a variation of the "sickout" or "wildcat strike" tactic, where employees collectively and spontaneously call in sick to disrupt normal operations.

Question 3

At this time,the largest labor organization in the United States is the:
A)Teamsters.
B)Knights of Labor.
C)United Automobile Workers.
D)National Education Association.

Accepted Answer

The National Education Association (NEA) is the largest labor organization in the United States, representing over 3 million educators and school personnel. While the Teamsters and United Automobile Workers are also large labor unions, they do not surpass the membership numbers of the NEA. The Knights of Labor, while historically significant, dissolved in the 1890s and is no longer a major labor organization in the United States.

Question 4

A(n)__________ occurs when a union encourages its members and the general public not to buy the products of a firm involved in a labor dispute.
A)injunction
B)wildcat strike
C)primary boycott
D)embargo

Accepted Answer

A primary boycott is when a union encourages its members and the general public not to buy the products of a firm involved in a labor dispute. An injunction is a legal order from a court to stop or prohibit someone from taking a certain action. A wildcat strike is an unauthorized strike by workers without the approval of their union. An embargo is a government-imposed restriction on trade with another country. None of these options accurately describe the given scenario other than primary boycott.

Question 5

The ability of unions to achieve key goals in the future will depend on their ability to:
A)reestablish their base of strength in the manufacturing sector.
B)find ways to cooperate with management in training workers and redesigning jobs.
C)repeal the Wagner Act and the Norris-LaGuardia Act in order to eliminate restrictions on union tactics.
D)return to the confrontational tactics used successfully in the 1930s when unions grew rapidly.

Accepted Answer

The current labor landscape has shifted away from the traditional manufacturing sector, making it difficult for unions to maintain their base of strength. Instead, they must find ways to cooperate with management and adapt to the changing economy. Repealing the Wagner and Norris-LaGuardia Acts is not a realistic solution, and returning to confrontational tactics may also prove ineffective in today's environment. Therefore, the best choice is B, which advocates for a more collaborative approach between unions and management.

Question 6

The emergence of ______________ has changed the nature of work and affected labor-management relations.
A)global competition
B)yellow-dog contracts
C)closed shop agreements
D)scientific management

Accepted Answer

The emergence of global competition has increased the pressure on businesses to become more efficient and productive, which has led to changes in the nature of work and affected labor-management relations. In order to remain competitive, companies may need to implement technological advancements or reorganize their operations, which can lead to job loss or changes in job functions. This has created tension between management and labor, as unions and workers may push back against these changes in order to protect job security and working conditions. Yellow-dog contracts and closed shop agreements are both examples of labor-management relations practices that have become less common in recent years, while scientific management is a management approach that has been in use for over a century and is not specifically related to the emergence of global competition.

Question 7

A(n)________ boycott is an illegal attempt by labor to convince others to stop doing business with a firm that does business with a company that is the subject of a primary boycott.
A)extended
B)secondary
C)tactical
D)strategic

Accepted Answer

A secondary boycott is when labor tries to convince others to stop doing business with a firm that does business with a company that is the subject of a primary boycott. This is illegal according to regulations from the National Labor Relations Act.

Question 8

A(n)___________ occurs when management temporarily closes a business to deny employment to workers.
A)lockout
B)secondary boycott
C)involuntary strike
D)employment injunction

Accepted Answer

A lockout is a situation where management of a company decides to temporarily close down its operations in order to prevent its workers from working. This is usually done as a response to a labor dispute or a strike by the workers. The objective of a lockout is to put pressure on the workers to accept the company's terms and conditions or a particular demand.

Question 9

Which of the following tactics would management be most likely to use during a labor-management dispute?
A)picketing
B)secondary boycotts
C)lockouts
D)primary boycotts

Accepted Answer

Lockouts are a tactic that management can use during a labor-management dispute to prevent employees from entering the workplace and working. This puts pressure on the employees and their union to reach a settlement with management. Picketing and primary boycotts are tactics used by the employees and their union, while secondary boycotts are usually illegal.

Question 10

A(n)___________ is a court order directing someone to do something or to refrain from doing something.
A)restrictive covenant
B)injunction
C)judicial encyclical
D)declaratory judgment

Accepted Answer

An injunction is a court order that directs someone to do something or refrain from doing something. A restrictive covenant is a type of contract that limits the use of property. A judicial encyclical and declaratory judgment are not commonly used legal terms in the United States.

Question 11

Despite a 1938 Supreme Court ruling allowing their use,___________ were seldom used by management during labor-management disputes until the 1980s.
A)injunctions
B)secondary boycotts
C)strikebreakers
D)yellow-dog contracts

Accepted Answer

The answer of Despite a 1938 Supreme Court ruling allowing...

Question 12

According to the material in the Spotlight on Small Business box in Chapter 12,a relatively recent trend is for many __________ to join unions.
A)nurses and doctors
B)minor league baseball players
C)bank tellers
D)teachers

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the material in the Spotlight...

Question 13

In recent years,many unions have begun to:
A)focus primarily on the issue of equitable pay.
B)assist management in redesigning work and recruiting and training workers from diverse backgrounds.
C)take a more confrontational approach when attempting to achieve important goals.
D)experience rapid but uneasy growth as more foreign-owned firms enter the U.S.economy,creating cultural problems for American workers.

Accepted Answer

Many unions have recognized the importance of diversity in the workplace and have started to assist management in recruiting and training workers from diverse backgrounds. This approach also involves redesigning work to make it more inclusive and accommodating to workers with different needs and abilities.

Question 14

When union members who have a dispute with a company walk around outside the firm's place of business carrying signs and talking to the media and public about their concerns,they are using a tactic known as:
A)boycotting.
B)estopment.
C)striking.
D)picketing.

Accepted Answer

Picketing is the tactic of union members walking around outside of a company's place of business carrying signs and talking to the media and public about their concerns. It is often used to put pressure on the company to address the union's grievances.

Question 15

In recent years some unions have granted concessions and given up benefits secured in earlier contract negotiations in an attempt to save jobs.These concessions are called:
A)injunctions.
B)givebacks.
C)buyouts.
D)disbenefits.

Accepted Answer

The word "givebacks" directly refers to the situation where unions concede or give up benefits in order to save jobs. Therefore, choice B is the correct answer. Option A, injunctions, refers to the legal order that prohibits a certain action, which is not related to this context. Buyouts (Option C) are an arrangement in which a company grants some employees the option to voluntarily leave the organization for a certain amount of financial compensation, which is also not relevant to this context. Lastly, disbenefits (Option D) is not a widely used term in labor relations, and it is not relevant to this context.

Question 16

As a management executive left the meeting between his team and the company's union representatives and headed straight for the CEO's office,he reviewed where things seemed to breakdown.Union reps came to the table with three different offers to resolve the insurance and vacation benefits problems laborers were experiencing.Management offered its own resolutions - two different ones,to be exact.The problem was that a bargaining zone did not emerge.Neither side was willing to consider each other's alternatives.As he reached the CEO's door,he was ready to concede that the negotiations were probably headed to _______________.
A)collective bargaining
B)arbitration
C)a vote
D)mediation

Accepted Answer

The answer of As a management executive left the meeting...

Question 17

___________ are workers a company hires to replace workers who are out on strike.
A)Yellow dogs
B)Convergent workers
C)Structural replacements
D)Strikebreakers

Accepted Answer

Strikebreakers are workers hired by a company to replace workers who are on strike. The other options listed are not commonly used terms for replacement workers.

Question 18

Under the provisions of the Taft-Hartley Act,the president can ask for a(n)___________ to prevent a strike in a critical industry.
A)arbitrator
B)cooling-off period
C)open shop agreement
D)temporary take over by the federal government

Accepted Answer

Under the Taft-Hartley Act, the President can request a "cooling-off period" to delay a strike or lockout for up to 80 days in order to provide time for the parties to negotiate and potentially reach a resolution. This is seen as a way to prevent economic disruptions in critical industries. The other options listed (arbitrator, open shop agreement, and temporary take over by the federal government) are not directly provided for under the Taft-Hartley Act.

Question 19

Since 1945,the unionized share of the workforce has:
A)remained remarkably steady.
B)dropped steadily,and today is only 12.3%.
C)risen steadily from 13.9% in 1945 to 32.1% in 2002.
D)fluctuated erratically with large increases in some years and large decreases in others.

Accepted Answer

The percentage of unionized workers in the workforce has steadily dropped since 1945 and is currently at only 12.3%. This indicates that unionization has become less common in the workforce over time.

Question 20

Two of the most important tactics used by unions when collective bargaining efforts break down are:
A)strikes and boycotts.
B)injunctions and lockouts.
C)conciliation and yellow-dog contracts.
D)enforcement of right-to-work clauses and cooling-off periods.

Accepted Answer

Strikes and boycotts are powerful tools used by unions when collective bargaining efforts break down. Strikes involve workers refusing to work until the employer meets certain demands, while boycotts involve workers and consumers refusing to purchase goods or services from a particular company. These tactics can put pressure on the employer to negotiate and come to a resolution with the union. Injunctions and lockouts are tactics used by employers, not unions. Conciliation is a method of dispute resolution and yellow-dog contracts and enforcement of right-to-work clauses are anti-union practices. Cooling-off periods may be used in certain situations, but they are not a primary tactic used by unions when negotiations break down.

Quiz 12: Dealing With Employee-Management Issues and Relationships

Historically,the most potent union tactic when collective bargaining efforts break down has been the:

The __________ is a tactic police,firefighters,and other workers who are not legally allowed to strike sometimes use to express their frustration and displeasure with working conditions or pay.

At this time,the largest labor organization in the United States is the:

A(n) __________ occurs when a union encourages its members and the general public not to buy the products of a firm involved in a labor dispute.

The ability of unions to achieve key goals in the future will depend on their ability to:

The emergence of ______________ has changed the nature of work and affected labor-management relations.

A(n) ________ boycott is an illegal attempt by labor to convince others to stop doing business with a firm that does business with a company that is the subject of a primary boycott.

A(n) ___________ occurs when management temporarily closes a business to deny employment to workers.

Which of the following tactics would management be most likely to use during a labor-management dispute?

A(n) ___________ is a court order directing someone to do something or to refrain from doing something.

Despite a 1938 Supreme Court ruling allowing their use,___________ were seldom used by management during labor-management disputes until the 1980s.

According to the material in the Spotlight on Small Business box in Chapter 12,a relatively recent trend is for many __________ to join unions.

In recent years,many unions have begun to:

When union members who have a dispute with a company walk around outside the firm's place of business carrying signs and talking to the media and public about their concerns,they are using a tactic known as:

In recent years some unions have granted concessions and given up benefits secured in earlier contract negotiations in an attempt to save jobs.These concessions are called:

___________ are workers a company hires to replace workers who are out on strike.

Under the provisions of the Taft-Hartley Act,the president can ask for a(n) ___________ to prevent a strike in a critical industry.

Since 1945,the unionized share of the workforce has:

Two of the most important tactics used by unions when collective bargaining efforts break down are: