Question 1

The liver is the most important site for the biosynthesis of fatty acids and triglycerides.

Accepted Answer

The liver is a central organ for lipid metabolism, including the biosynthesis of fatty acids and triglycerides, which are crucial for energy storage and cell structure.

Question 2

Phenenylketonuria (PKU)is a genetic disorder where an individual is unable to produce the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase.This results in the inability of the body to convert phenylalanine to what substance?

Accepted Answer

Without the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase, phenylalanine cannot be converted into tyrosine. This results in a buildup of phenylalanine in the body, leading to a variety of symptoms such as intellectual disability and seizures.

Question 3

Consider the diagram of a mitochondrion shown below.Which of the numbered locations is where $\beta$-oxidation occurs?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider the diagram of a mitochondrion shown...

Question 4

Consider the simplified diagram of the urea cycle shown below.What is the identity of the species numbered with a 3?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider the simplified diagram of the urea...

Question 5

Consider the simplified diagram of the urea cycle shown below.Which species,numbered 1 through 4,is synthesized in the mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider the simplified diagram of the urea...

Question 6

If there is an excessive intake of fatty acids and/or carbohydrates,the energy is stored as triglycerides for later use.

Accepted Answer

Excess fatty acids and carbohydrates are converted into triglycerides and stored in adipose tissue for later use as energy. This is known as lipogenesis.

Question 7

Glycerol that is liberated from fats is digested by passing through glycolysis.

Accepted Answer

Glycerol is converted into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate through glycolysis, which can then enter the citric acid cycle for energy production.

Question 8

The body can prepare asparagine from aspartic acid.

Accepted Answer

Asparagine can be synthesized in the body by transforming aspartic acid through a process called transamidation. So, the statement is true.

Question 9

The synthesis of amino acids and the intake of amino acids are both important in order to replace cells lost from cellular death caused by either old age of the cells or disease.

Accepted Answer

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, which are essential for replacing cells lost from cellular death caused by either old age of the cells or disease. The synthesis of amino acids is important for the body to produce its own proteins while the intake of amino acids from food is also important to provide the necessary amino acids for protein synthesis.

Question 10

Chylomicrons are aggregates of triglycerides,phosphoglycerides,and cholesterol complexed with proteins.

Accepted Answer

Chylomicrons are composed of triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesterol, and are surrounded by a layer of proteins, including apolipoproteins, which serve to stabilize and transport the chylomicron through the bloodstream.

Question 11

Nutritionists suggest that a healthy diet be low in fats and high in carbohydrates.

Accepted Answer

This statement is incorrect. Nutritionists recommend a balanced diet that includes healthy fats, complex carbohydrates, and proteins. A diet that is excessively high in carbohydrates can lead to health issues such as obesity and diabetes.

Question 12

Fatty acid chains are built up of uneven numbers of carbons,but are degraded in carbon pairs.

Accepted Answer

Fatty acid chains are built up of even numbers of carbons, but are degraded in two-carbon units via beta-oxidation.

Question 13

Given the chance,a few long exercise periods will burn off more fat than will many short periods.

Accepted Answer

When doing long exercise periods, the body relies more on stored fat for energy compared to short exercise periods. However, it is important to balance exercise with proper nutrition and rest to avoid injury and burnout.

Question 14

If an individual does not have a sufficient level of insulin in the blood,the uptake of glucose by the cells is inhibited.

Accepted Answer

Insulin helps transport glucose from the bloodstream into cells. In the absence of sufficient insulin, glucose uptake by cells is inhibited.

Question 15

Amino acids that the body does not synthesize are termed nonessential.

Accepted Answer

Nonessential amino acids are those that the body can synthesize on its own, while essential amino acids must be obtained from the diet, as the body cannot synthesize them.

Question 16

The processes of fatty acid degradation and fatty acid synthesis are the chemical reverse of each other and respond to stress as predicted by Le Châtelier's principle.

Accepted Answer

Although fatty acid degradation and synthesis involve similar substrates and products, they occur through different pathways and mechanisms. Fatty acid degradation (beta-oxidation) takes place in the mitochondria, while fatty acid synthesis occurs in the cytosol and involves a different set of enzymes. The regulation of these processes is complex and does not simply respond to stress based on Le Châtelier's principle, which applies to chemical equilibria, not to enzyme-catalyzed metabolic pathways.

Question 17

Phenylalanine is derived from tyrosine by oxidation.

Accepted Answer

Phenylalanine is actually derived from phenylpyruvic acid, not tyrosine. Tyrosine is synthesized from phenylalanine via hydroxylation.

Question 18

Glycogen that is required by brain tissue leaves the liver and is transported to the brain by means of large blood vessels used specifically for this purpose.

Accepted Answer

Glycogen is not directly transported to the brain. Instead, the liver breaks down glycogen into glucose, which is then released into the bloodstream and transported to the brain and other tissues.

Question 19

Some amino acids are synthesized from $\alpha$-keto acids.

Accepted Answer

Some amino acids are synthesized from F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-keto acids through transamination reactions, in which the keto group of the keto acid is transferred to an amino group of an amino acid, forming a new amino acid and a new keto acid.

Question 20

The biosynthesis of amino acids takes place mostly in the liver.

Accepted Answer

The liver plays a central role in the biosynthesis of amino acids, as it is the primary site for the metabolism and synthesis of various biochemical compounds, including amino acids.

Quiz 24: Lipid and Amino Acid Metabolism

The liver is the most important site for the biosynthesis of fatty acids and triglycerides.

Phenenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disorder where an individual is unable to produce the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase.This results in the inability of the body to convert phenylalanine to what substance?

Consider the diagram of a mitochondrion shown below.Which of the numbered locations is where $\beta$ -oxidation occurs? $Consider the diagram of a mitochondrion shown below.Which of the numbered locations is where \beta -oxidation occurs? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4$

Consider the simplified diagram of the urea cycle shown below.What is the identity of the species numbered with a 3?

Consider the simplified diagram of the urea cycle shown below.Which species,numbered 1 through 4,is synthesized in the mitochondria?

If there is an excessive intake of fatty acids and/or carbohydrates,the energy is stored as triglycerides for later use.

Glycerol that is liberated from fats is digested by passing through glycolysis.

The body can prepare asparagine from aspartic acid.

The synthesis of amino acids and the intake of amino acids are both important in order to replace cells lost from cellular death caused by either old age of the cells or disease.

Chylomicrons are aggregates of triglycerides,phosphoglycerides,and cholesterol complexed with proteins.

Nutritionists suggest that a healthy diet be low in fats and high in carbohydrates.

Fatty acid chains are built up of uneven numbers of carbons,but are degraded in carbon pairs.

Given the chance,a few long exercise periods will burn off more fat than will many short periods.

If an individual does not have a sufficient level of insulin in the blood,the uptake of glucose by the cells is inhibited.

Amino acids that the body does not synthesize are termed nonessential.

The processes of fatty acid degradation and fatty acid synthesis are the chemical reverse of each other and respond to stress as predicted by Le Châtelier's principle.

Phenylalanine is derived from tyrosine by oxidation.

Glycogen that is required by brain tissue leaves the liver and is transported to the brain by means of large blood vessels used specifically for this purpose.

Some amino acids are synthesized from $\alpha$ -keto acids.

The biosynthesis of amino acids takes place mostly in the liver.

Quiz 24: Lipid and Amino Acid Metabolism

The liver is the most important site for the biosynthesis of fatty acids and triglycerides.

Phenenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disorder where an individual is unable to produce the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase.This results in the inability of the body to convert phenylalanine to what substance?

Consider the diagram of a mitochondrion shown below.Which of the numbered locations is where β\betaβ -oxidation occurs?

Consider the simplified diagram of the urea cycle shown below.What is the identity of the species numbered with a 3?

Consider the simplified diagram of the urea cycle shown below.Which species,numbered 1 through 4,is synthesized in the mitochondria?

If there is an excessive intake of fatty acids and/or carbohydrates,the energy is stored as triglycerides for later use.

Glycerol that is liberated from fats is digested by passing through glycolysis.

The body can prepare asparagine from aspartic acid.

The synthesis of amino acids and the intake of amino acids are both important in order to replace cells lost from cellular death caused by either old age of the cells or disease.

Chylomicrons are aggregates of triglycerides,phosphoglycerides,and cholesterol complexed with proteins.

Nutritionists suggest that a healthy diet be low in fats and high in carbohydrates.

Fatty acid chains are built up of uneven numbers of carbons,but are degraded in carbon pairs.

Given the chance,a few long exercise periods will burn off more fat than will many short periods.

If an individual does not have a sufficient level of insulin in the blood,the uptake of glucose by the cells is inhibited.

Amino acids that the body does not synthesize are termed nonessential.

The processes of fatty acid degradation and fatty acid synthesis are the chemical reverse of each other and respond to stress as predicted by Le Châtelier's principle.

Phenylalanine is derived from tyrosine by oxidation.

Glycogen that is required by brain tissue leaves the liver and is transported to the brain by means of large blood vessels used specifically for this purpose.

Some amino acids are synthesized from α\alphaα -keto acids.

The biosynthesis of amino acids takes place mostly in the liver.

Consider the diagram of a mitochondrion shown below.Which of the numbered locations is where $\beta$ -oxidation occurs? $Consider the diagram of a mitochondrion shown below.Which of the numbered locations is where \beta -oxidation occurs? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4$

Some amino acids are synthesized from $\alpha$ -keto acids.