Question 1

______ potentials is another phrase for event-related potentials.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______ potentials is another phrase for event-related...

Question 2

Matthew believes that one of his cats exhibits a potential feline analogue of autism spectrum disorder. This hypothesis is MOST likely suggested by the ______ perspective on psychopathology.

Accepted Answer

The potential feline analogue of autism spectrum disorder suggests a possible evolutionary perspective on psychopathology, as it involves studying behavior and its adaptations in animals over time.

Question 3

The parietal lobe is immediately anterior to the central sulcus.

Accepted Answer

The parietal lobe is immediately posterior to the central sulcus.

Question 4

Of the neuroscientific research methods described in the textbook, ______ and electroencephalography have the MOST precise temporal resolution.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Of the neuroscientific research methods described in...

Question 5

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measures the ratio of hemoglobin with and without oxygen to map changes in cortical blood and infer neuronal activity.

Accepted Answer

This is a true statement. fMRI measures the ratio of oxygenated to deoxygenated hemoglobin to infer changes in neural activity in the brain.

Question 6

Nearly 75% of the brain is made up of white matter.

Accepted Answer

The brain is made up of approximately 60% white matter and 40% gray matter, not 75% white matter.

Question 7

The ______ network is the neural network involved in monitoring and noting important changes in biological and cognitive systems.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ______ network is the neural network...

Question 8

There are more than 100 different neurotransmitters in the brain.

Accepted Answer

There are more than 100 different neurotransmitters in the brain, including serotonin, dopamine, and acetylcholine.

Question 9

The intrinsic network is the brain's default network.

Accepted Answer

The intrinsic network is indeed the brain's default network, also known as the default mode network (DMN). This network is active when the brain is at rest and not focused on a specific task, but rather engaged in internal mental processes such as daydreaming, introspection, and self-reflection.

Question 10

Mitochondrial DNA comes from both an organism's father and his mother.

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is only passed down from the mother to her offspring, as the egg cell provides the majority of the cytoplasm, where mitochondria are located. Therefore, an organism's mtDNA only comes from their mother and not their father.

Question 11

Chemicals that transmit signals from one neuron to another are called ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Chemicals that transmit signals from one neuron...

Question 12

Currently, there is no neuroscience technique that can definitively diagnose a given individual with a particular mental disorder.

Accepted Answer

While neuroscience techniques such as brain imaging and EEG can provide valuable information about brain function and activity in individuals with mental disorders, they cannot definitively diagnose a particular disorder on their own. Diagnosis still primarily relies on clinical evaluation and symptom criteria.

Question 13

The environment can influence the activation of genes through epigenetic marks or tags.

Accepted Answer

Epigenetics is the study of changes in gene expression that are not caused by changes in the underlying DNA sequence. One of the ways that the environment can influence gene expression is through epigenetic marks or tags, such as modifications to histones or DNA methylation. These marks can influence whether or not genes are turned on or off, and can be passed on to future generations.

Question 14

Dolphins sleep with one half of their brain awake.

Accepted Answer

Dolphins have the ability to sleep with one half of their brain awake in order to continue surfacing to breathe and to be on alert for potential dangers. This is known as unihemispheric slow-wave sleep.

Question 15

The almond shaped structure on each side of the brain that is connected to other structures in the limbic system is called the ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The almond shaped structure on each side...

Question 16

Only humans show deficits in response to lack of sleep.

Accepted Answer

Many animals, including mammals and birds, show deficits in cognitive and physical performance when deprived of sleep, indicating that the need for sleep and the effects of sleep deprivation are not exclusive to humans.

Question 17

Brain waves are slow and steady during REM sleep.

Accepted Answer

Brain waves during REM sleep are actually more similar to those seen during wakeful, alert periods, with rapid eye movements and heightened brain activity.

Question 18

Two different brain areas that are active during a particular task are probably part of the same network.

Accepted Answer

When two different brain areas are active during a particular task, it suggests that they are connected and part of the same network that is working together to accomplish the task. Therefore, option A is true.

Question 19

How a mother takes care of her offspring can make epigenetic changes.

Accepted Answer

A mother's care and behavior towards her offspring can impact their epigenetic changes, which can alter gene expression and affect their development and health outcomes later in life. This has been observed in many animal species and is also being researched in humans.

Question 20

Emotions are only processed in the brain.

Accepted Answer

Emotions are processed in the brain but also involve physiological responses throughout the body, such as changes in heart rate, breathing, and hormone levels.

Quiz 2: Neuroscience Approaches to Understanding Psychopathology